Revision date: May 3, 1995
Revision date: February 14, 1995
Original release date: September 18, 1994
Prepared by:
Paul McGinnis
P.O. Box 28084
Santa Ana, CA 92799
Internet: TRADER@cup.portal.com / trader@shell.portal.com
America Online: PaulMcG [PaulMcG@aol.com]
Compuserve: 76056,201 [76056.201@compuserve.com]
This document was created from unclassified sources. (See list at the end of this document for sources). Programs are listed by R-1 line (line item in the agency's RDT&E budget) or P-1 line (line item in the procurement budget), Program Element (PE) number, and description or codename. (Codenames are indicated with capital letters, i.e., MERIDIAN). It lists programs that Congress funded for fiscal year 1995. RDT&E funding is typically used for advanced weapons (this is how the Stealth fighter was funded) and for intelligence activities.
R-1 Program line Element Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 4 0602104A TRACTOR ROSE / $7.6 million 7 0602122A TRACTOR HIP / $11.5 million 30 0602788A TRACTOR FLOP / $0.4 million
R-1 Program line Element Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 40 0603009A TRACTOR HIKE / $5.4 million 41 0603012A TRACTOR HOLE / $7.8 million 42 0603013A TRACTOR DIRT / $1.7 million 43 0603017A TRACTOR RED / $10.2 million 44 0603020A TRACTOR ROSE / $3.2 million 47 0603122A TRACTOR HIP / $4.6 million 51 0603322A TRACTOR CAGE / $17.5 million
R-1 Program line Element Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 60 0603018A TRACTOR TREAD / $20.8 million (funding increased from $5.8 million) 61 0603019A TRACTOR DUMP / $15.8 million 69 0603639A "armament enhancement initiative" / [classified cost] / {note 1}, (includes funds for X-rod 120mm rocket boosted tank round) (Given an additional $8.5 million) 90 0603831A "classified program" / [classified cost] / {note 1}, (developed jointly with the Air Force but the Air Force is no longer part of this program) 91 0102830A "classified program" / [classified cost] / {note 1}, (developed jointly with the Air Force, but the Air Force is no longer part of this program)
R-1 Program line Element Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 121 0604768A TRACTOR BAT / $119 million / (Program revealed in preparation for the FY 1996 budget. This program is the Army's acoustic and infrared homing "Brilliant Anti-tank munition".) 134 0604817A "non-cooperative target recognition" / $19.2 million (originally $13.7 million)
R-1 Program line Element Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 175 0203806A TRACTOR RIG / $2.7 million / (appears to be an advanced tactical missile technology) 176 0203808A TRACTOR CARD / $14.6 million / (appears to be an advanced tactical missile technology) 179 0301359A "special Army program" / [classified cost] / {note 2}, (Army intelligence program, codenamed SHEEPWALK) 183 0305127A "foreign counterintelligence activities" / [classified cost] / {note 2} Notes: {1} The total cost of the Army Dem/Val programs whose cost is classified is approximately $22.5 million. {2} The total cost of the Army operational programs whose cost is classified is approximately $6.9 million.
P-1 line Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 75 CLASSIC OUTBOARD / $12.9 million / (classified direction finding equipment)
R-1 Program line Element Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 34 0603254N "ASW systems development" / $31.5 million / (includes funds for classifed anti-submarine aircraft program codenamed BEARTRAP) (funded decreased from $40.5 million) 44 0603525N PILOT FISH / $35.3 million 46 0603365N RETRACT JUNIPER / $20.6 million 55 0603576N CHALK EAGLE / $59.8 million 73 0603734N CHALK CORAL / $73.8 million (funding increased from $68.8 million) 77 0603746N RETRACT MAPLE / $102.7 million 78 0603748N LINK PLUMERIA / $29.8 million 80 0603751N RETRACT ELM / $39.5 million 82 0603755N "ship self defense" / $200.8 million / (includes the new "rolling airframe" missile for defense against anti-ship missiles) (According to material released under the FOIA, the classified part of this program is Project U2136, LINK IRON, funded in FY 1995 for $41 million. In FY 1993, 2 classified projects were funded for $25.9 million under the codenames INFRARED and OUTLAW BANDIT.) 85 0603787N "special processes" / $33 million
R-1 Program line Element Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 133 0604755N "ship self defense" / $189.5 million / (includes the new "rolling airframe missile" for defense against anti-ship missiles) (see PE 06037055N also) (funding increased from $181.5 million)
R-1 Program line Element Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 186 0301327N "technical reconnaissance & surveillance" / [classified cost] / {note 3} (probably the follow-on to the Navy's older signals intelligence (SIGINT) collection programs codenamed PRAIRIE WAGON and PRAIRIE SCHOONER) 188 0303140N "information systems security program" / [classified cost] / {note 3}, (the purpose of this program (distributed cryptography) is not classified, but the costs are) 190 0304111N "special activities" / [classified cost] / {note 3}, (widely believed to fund the Navy's share of costs for the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), that operates U.S. spy satellites. Navy spy satellite programs have included WHITE CLOUD and CLASSIC WIZARD) Notes: {3} The total cost of the Navy programs whose cost is classified is approximately $567 million.
Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 11750 "other space operations" / $85.7 million 14150 "classified security programs" / $9 million
P-1 line Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 55 "Defense Airborne Reconnaissance Program aircraft modifications" / $68.7 million (originally funded for only $3.7 million) 56 "classified projects -- modifications for in-service aircraft" / $49 million
R-1 Program line Element Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 123 0603107F "technical evaluation system" / [classified cost] / {note 4} 124 0603110F "special evaluation program" / [classified cost] / {note 4} 131 0101815F "advanced strategic programs" / [classified cost] / {note 4} 141 0207137F CONSTANT HELP / [classified cost] / {note 4}, (tactical program) 148 0207248F "special evaluation program" / $118.3 million / (until fiscal year 1994, this program was known as "special tactical unit detachments" and was funded like other tactical aircraft units, such as F-117A squadrons. One wonders what kind of aircraft are being flown in this program...) 155 0207424F "evaluation and analysis program"/ $74 million / (this program was known as COPPER COAST until fiscal year 1994. May be related to hypersonic aircraft studies the Air Force conducted under the COPPER CANYON program a few years ago) 156 0207431F "tactical air intelligence system activities" / [classified cost] / {note 4}, (the cost of this program is classified, but the purpose is not. This program procures computer workstations and software to do intelligence analysis out in the field during combat). 157 0207433F "advanced program technology" / $165.4 million / (this program was known as "tactical improvement program" until fiscal year 1994) 159 0207579F "advanced systems improvements" / $119.9 million 161 0207591F "advanced program evaluation" / $105.1 million / (this program was known as OMEGA until fiscal year 1994) 165 0208021F "electronic combat support" / $1.6 million / (some of the technology in this program is classified. The cost of this program is classified in Congressional documents, but not in Air Force documents) 166 0208042F HAVE FLAG / [classified cost] / {note 4}, (tactical missile now going into regular production) 168 0301310F "Foreign Technology Division" / [classified cost] / {note 4} 169 0301313F "defense dissemination system" / [classified cost] / {note 4}, (provides near real time intelligence from spy satellites to 13 locations. Oddly enough, the Air Force sent me something that looks like promotional literature on the system showing drawings of 3 different models of the computer hardware involved, in response to a FOIA request. I don't think the Air Force thought about what they were saying in their "ad", which highlights features such as "cradle-to-grave-support" and shows an airman in need of a shave standing at attention in front of the CAT 2 model...) 170 0301314F "infrared/electro-optical/directed energy weapons processing" / [classified cost] / {note 4} 171 0301315F "missile & space technical collection" / [classified cost] / {note 4} 172 0301317F "SENIOR YEAR operations" / [classified cost] / {note 4}, (current U-2 flights and maintenance) 173 0301324F FOREST GREEN / [classified cost] / {note 4}, (Air Force intelligence collection operation, possibly SIGINT (Signals Intelligence) for the National Security Agency) 183 0304111F "special activities" / [classified cost] / {note 4}, (widely believed to fund the Air Force's share of costs for the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), that operates U.S. spy satellites) (program budget cut by $61.5 million) 188 0305124F "special applications program" / [classified cost] / {note 4}, (Air Force C3I program) 191 0305142F "applied technology and integration" / [classified cost] / {note 4}, (Air Force intelligence program, possibly a new surveillance satellite. This program was known as CENTENNIAL until fiscal year 1994) 198 0305172F "combined advanced applications" / [classified cost] / {note 4}, (this PE previously funded a classified Air Force program codenamed BERNIE several years ago) 202 0305892F "special analysis activities" / [classified cost] / {note 4}, (classified Air Force intelligence program operated by HQ USAF Systems Command -- not part of NFIP (National Foreign Intelligence Program), like most intelligence programs are) Notes: {4} The total cost of the Air Force programs whose cost is classified is approximately $2.761 billion.
P-1 line Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 5 "classified equipment" / [classified cost] / {note 5} (for use at the National Security Agency (NSA) ) 14 "intelligence & communications" / [classified cost] / {note 5} (for use at the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) ) 15 "DIA Intelligence Program Support Group" / [classified cost] / {note 5} 36 "major equipment" / [classified cost] / {note 5} (for use at the Central Imagery Office (CIO) ) 61 "classified Special Operations Command programs" / $86.8 million Notes: {5} The total cost of the DoD procurement programs whose cost is classified is approximately $370.4 million.
R-1 Program line Element Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 62 0603710D "classified program - C3I" / $8 million / (This program is extremely classified - a FOIA request produced a heavily censored document where the only legible items were the markings TOP SECRET-SPECIAL ACCESS REQUIRED, the cost, and the fact that the program summary was provided only to 2 high ranking DoD officials) 101 0304311D "selected activities" / [classified cost] / {note 6}, (funds are provided to classified intelligence programs operated by the Air Force, under this Program Element) 108 0305154D "Defense Airborne Reconnaissance Program" / $529.2 million / (the Defense Airborne Reconnaissance Office (DARO) is a new entity that will manage the nation's airplane reconnaissance assets, leaving satellite reconnaissance to the NRO and the new CIO (see below). There are some parts of DARO that are unclassified - for example, the Congress wants to give DARO $13.6 million for infrared sensors for the RC-135 COBRA BALL aircraft, that DoD didn't request) (originally funded for $501.6 million)
R-1 Program line Element Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 20 0603734J "ISLAND SUN support" / $2.8 million / (a source told me that this is a "Continuity of Government" program after a nuclear war. Apparently, the mobile command posts in lead-lined trucks are being "mothballed" (put in storage))
R-1 Program line Element Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 77 0605114E BLACK LIGHT / $4.9 million
R-1 Program line Element Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 88 0301011G "cryptologic activities" / [classified cost] / {note 6} 96 0303140G "information systems security" / [classified cost] / {note 6} 100 0303401G "communications security (COMSEC)" / [classified cost] / {note 6} 109 0305154G "Defense Airborne Reconnaissance Program" / [classified cost] / {note 6} 113 0305159G "Defense Reconnaissance Support activities" / [classified cost] / {note 6}, (see description for DSPO below) 115 0305167G "computer security" / [classified cost] / {note 6} 119 0305885G "tactical cryptologic activities" / [classified cost] / {note 6} 120 0305889G "counterdrug intelligence support" / [classified cost] / {note 6}
R-1 Program line Element Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 89 0301301L "General Defense Intelligence Program (GDIP)" / [classified cost] / {note 6} 90 0301308L "Missile Intelligence Agency"/ [classified cost] / {note 6} 102 0305098L "Defense support activity - Intelligence Program Support Group" / [classified cost] / {note 6} 118 0305884L "intelligence planning & review activities" / [classified cost] / {note 6} 122 0305889L "counterdrug intelligence support" / [classified cost] / {note 6} 123 0305898L "management HQ (auxillary forces)" / [classified cost] / {note 6}
R-1 Program line Element Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 103 0305106LC "consolidated imagery activities" / [classified cost] / {note 6}, (CIO is a new office that has the responsibility for managing airborne and satellite reconnaissance programs. Apparently, the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) now has the mandate to handle the technical details of reconnaissance satellite programs, while CIO manages the NRO and DARO programs) 104 0305107LC "tactical imagery activities" / [classified cost] / {note 6}
R-1 Program line Element Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 114 0305159I "Defense Reconnaissance Support activities" / $46.9 million / (DSP activities have to do with the detection of missile launches using sensors on satellite and aircraft)
R-1 Program line Element Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 130 1160408BB "SOF operational enhancements" / $20.3 million / (apparently, the details of this program are classified because it involves procurement of equipment to support National Security Council & Department of State objectives)
R-1 Program line Element Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 105 0305127V "foreign counterintelligence activities" / [classified cost] / {note 6}, (each military service has its own program in this area. FY 1995 is the first time DIS has been given funding for this activity)
R-1 Program line Element Description / Cost / Notes __________________________________________________________________________ 112 0305159B "Defense Reconnaissance Support activities" / $19.5 million Notes: {6} The total cost of the DoD RDT&E programs whose cost is classified is approximately $1.125 billion.
* Numerous Congressional documents, such as the House and Senate versions
of the National Defense Authorization Acts for fiscal years 1990 to
1995. (both the reports and the supporting testimony to Congress)
* Department of Defense Handbook DoD 7045.7-H, FYDP Program Structure,
October 1993.
* Department of the Air Force document Supporting Data for Fiscal Year
1994 - Budget Estimate Submission - Descriptive Summaries - Research,
Development, Test and Evaluation, April 1993, copy 29 of 50, available
from NTIS as item PB93-220879.
* Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) document AD-A264 093, FY 1994
Congressional Submission - RDT&E Descriptive Summaries, April 1993.
* Department of Defense document AD-A234 900, Critical Technologies Plan for
the Committees on Armed Services - United States Congress, May 1991.
(I highly recommend this document for its descriptions of the technologies
the U.S. military is interested in for the 1990s. The 1991 edition is the
last Critical Technologies Plan that focused on defense. Subsequent Critical
Technologies Plans focus on all areas of national technical interest.)
* budget summary documents released under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA).
Title 10 of the United States Code requires that Congress be provided with
program summaries. Section 2301 (10 U.S.C. 2301) covers unclassified programs
while Section 119 (10 U.S.C. 119) covers classified programs.
* some material on spy satellites was provided by the Federation of American
Scientists.
Other classified programs exist, but funding is provided by Department of Defense components, such as the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) or the Defense Intelligence Agency. The House Armed Services Committee uses the phrase "appropriated but not authorized Special Access Programs" to describe these. An example would be the Air Force's "Project ELEGANT LADY", PE 0208040F. Also, given the secrecy surrounding classified programs, I've probably missed a few in the budget documents I've seen or made mistakes in the information given above.
Although Article I, Section 9, Clause 7 of the U.S. Constitution requires that all public money be publicly accounted for, senior military officials seem to feel the Constitution doesn't apply to them. That's the reason I created this report -- to expose acts that violate the U.S. Constitution. I believe that American taxpayers have a right to know how and where their money is being spent.