stroyed: thy mariners; who were the inhabitants of
Zidea and Arvad, vet. 8. these perished with her:
and thy pilots; who were the wisest, most skilful, and
best learned in the art of navigation, and who were of
the city itself, these were no more, ver. 8: thy calkers:
the wise and ancient men of Gebal,' ver. 9: ant/the oc-
cupiers of thtj merchandise; that traded in her markets
and fairs, mentioned from vet. l2 to 25: and all thy
me of  war that are in thee: to tight for her and de-
fend her; the Persians, Lydiaus, and Lybians, the men
or' Arvad, and the Gammadim, ver. 10, 11: and in
all thy company, which is in the midst oJ' thee; the
great concourse of people, whether natives or foreign-
ers: these all shall fall into the midst of the seas in the
day ofthy ruin: the walls and batiks being demolished,
the sea broke in upon it, and washed all away in it,
and left it a bare rock; see ch. xxvi. 4, l2, 14.
Vet. 0,8. The suburbs shall shake at the sound of the
cry of thy pilots.] Or governors, as the Targum; and
so the Vulgate Latin, and all the Orientai versions:
the allegory of a ship wrecked is still continued: the
sense is, that such should be the cry of' the principal
men of the city when it should be taken, that the noise
of it would be heard upon the continent, and in the
towns and villages belonging to Tyre, which would
make the inhabitants of them tremble: or, at the sound
of the cry of thy pilots the waves are moved, or tremble {g} ;
which beat very strong at the time of her fall into the
sea.
Ver. 29. And all that handle the oar, the .mariners,
and all the pilots of the sea, &c.] Inferior officers,
and the common people; though this may be literally
understood of all sorts of seafaring people, differently
employed in ships; some at the oar; some at the sails;
and others at the helm; but all shall quit their posts,
and shall come down from their ships; either there
being no further business for them, an entire stop being
put to trade, through the fall of 'Fyre; or because of
danger, and to save themselves, would leave the ship,
and betake to their boats, and make for land: hence
it follows, they shall stand upon the land; upon the
continent, being safely arrived; looking upon the ship-
wrecks, and bewailing the loss of Tyre, as in the next
verse.
Vet. 30. And shall cause their voice to be heard against
thee, &c.] The rulers and governors of the city, for
having taken a false step in provoking the enemy, and
then holding out the siege no longer, as it was thought
they might and would: or rather over thee, or, .for
thee {h}; mourning over the city, and lamenting its
sad case; see Rev. xviii. 9, 11: and shall cry bitterly;
with great weeping, howling, and shrieking: and they
shall cast dust upon. their heads; a custom used in the
eastern countries, m time of mourning and sorrow;
see tRev. xviii. 19: and they shall wallow themselves in
ashes: or roll themselves in them, another custom used
in mourning; see Jer. vi. 26. Mic. i. 10.
Ver. 81. And they shall make themselves utterly bald
for thee, &c.] Either by shaving their heads, or tearing
off their hair, as mourners in distress have been used
to do: and gird them with sactccloth ; about their loins,
as was very customary in such distressed cases: and they
shall weep for thee with bitterness of heart and bitter
wailing; not in shew only, but in reality; not like the
pre. ficw or mourning women, though the allusion may
be to them, who only mourned outwardly; but these
from the very heart, and in great bitterness of spirit
this is expressive of the inward grief of their minds on
this melancholy occasion, as what follows declares the
lamentation they expressed vocally; see Rev. xviii. 19.
Ver. 32. And in their wailing they shall takes up a la-
mentation .for thee, &c.] A mournful song, such as was
used at funerals, or in times of calamity; and so the
Vulgate Latin version renders it: and lament over
; saying the following ditty; what city is like
Tyrus, like the destroyed in the midst of the sea ? as
there was none like it a few years ago for riches,
splendour, and glory, so now there's none like it for
misery and ruin; see Rev. xviii. 18. The Targum is,
"who is as Tyre ? there is none like unto her in the
"midst of the sea ;, she is not now Tyre the renowned,
but Tyre the destroyed; destroyed in the midst of
the sea, from whence she had her riches and her glory:
or, as one dumb or silent in the midst o.f the sea ; she, in
whom was heard the voice of joy and singing, is now
mute, and nothing more of that kind is heard in her
see Rev. xviik
Ver. ,33. lVhcn thy wares went forth out of the seas,
&c.] When they were took out of ships, which came
Tyre fi'om all parts, and were landed on the shore,
d put up in warehouses, and exposed in markets and
The Targum is, "when thy merchandise went 
"out from among the nations ;" being brought from
all parts thither: thoufilledst many people; by selling
them in their markets commodities they wanted, for
which they came from all quarters; and by sending
them to others in ships, where they knew they stood
in need of them, and would fetch them a good price;
and they had enough to answer the demands of all,
and to supply them to the full: thou didst enrich the
kings of the earth with the multitude pithy riches and
pithy merchand,ise; by taking off the goods of their
subjects, whereby they were able the better to pay 
their taxes, and support them in their grandeurand
dignity; as well as by furnishing them gold and silver,
and precious stones, which they gave for the produce
Gf their country; or by the tell and custom of the
goods imported or exported.
Vet. 34. In the tithe when thou shall be broken by the
seas in the depths of the waters. &c.] Bv the Chatdean
army, which came upon them like the waves of the
sea, oh. xxvi. & by which they were overpowered and
destroyed;just as a ship on the mighty waters is
dashed and broke to pieces by the waves thereof: thy
merchandise, and all thy company in the midst of thee,
shall fall; trade shall cease, and the mixed multitude of
traders from all parts shall be seen no more; the na-
tives of the place shall perish. marincrs and soldiers,
and persons of every rank and degree, age, and sex.
The Targum renders it, "all thine armies." Aben-
dana suggests that this respects the destruction of
Tyre by Alexander the great.

{g} \^twvrgm wvery\^ commoti sunt fluctus jactati, Junius & Tremellius;
contremiscent fluctus, Piscator.
{h} \^Kyle\^ de te, Junius & Tremellius, Polanus; super te, Piscator,
Cocceius, Starckius.