Turkmenistan--Communications

CIA FactbookThe World Factbook 1993: Turkmenistan Communications

Railroads: 2,120 km; does not include industrial lines (1990)

Highways: 23,000 km total; 18,300 km hard surfaced, 4,700 km earth (1990)

Pipelines: crude oil 250 km, natural gas 4,400 km

Ports: inland - Krasnovodsk (Caspian Sea)

Airports: total: 7 useable: 7 with permanent-surface runways: 4 with runways over 3,659 m: 0 with runways 2,440-3,659 m: 0 with runways 1,220-2,439 m: 4

Telecommunications: poorly developed; only 65 telephones per 1000 persons (1991); linked by cable and microwave to other CIS republics and to other countries by leased connections to the Moscow international gateway switch; a new direct telephone link from Ashgabat (Ashkhabad) to Iran has been established; satellite earth stations - 1 Orbita and 1 INTELSAT for TV receive-only service; a newly installed satellite earth station provides TV receiver-only capability for Turkish broadcasts