Document 0119
 DOCN  M9620119
 TI    Human immunodeficiency virus envelope V1 and V2 regions influence
       replication efficiency in macrophages by affecting virus spread.
 DT    9602
 AU    Toohey K; Wehrly K; Nishio J; Perryman S; Chesebro B; Laboratory of
       Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain; Laboratories, National
       Institute of Allergy and Infectious; Diseases, Hamilton, Montana 59840,
       USA.
 SO    Virology. 1995 Oct 20;213(1):70-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/96036481
 AB    The V3 hypervariable region of the HIV-1 envelope protein is a major
       determinant of viral tropism for macrophages. However, the replication
       of macrophage-tropic HIV-1 strains varies considerably in macrophages,
       and this variability has been linked to the V1 and V2 envelope regions.
       In the present study, recombinant HIV clones were generated by inserting
       V1 and V2 sequences from the Ba-L HIV isolate, which has a high
       macrophage replication level, into the genomic background of a
       macrophage-tropic clone with a low macrophage replication level.
       Infection of macrophages with varying multiplicities of infection and
       direct detection of the number of infected macrophages per culture
       showed that the Ba-L V1 and V2 envelope sequences enhanced the ability
       of virus to spread in the cultures. In contrast, macrophage-tropic
       clones with low replication efficiency infected macrophages initially
       but showed no evidence of spread to additional cells during the culture
       period. This effect on virus spread appeared to be macrophage-specific
       as it was not observed in cultures of T lymphocytes. Comparison of
       recombinant clones containing V1, V2, and V3 envelope sequences from
       high-efficiency Ba-L and JR-FL strains indicated that markedly different
       V1 and V2 sequences could impart the same rapidly spreading phenotype in
       macrophages.
 DE    Amino Acid Sequence  Base Sequence  Cells, Cultured  Chimeric Proteins
       CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/VIROLOGY  DNA Primers/CHEMISTRY  DNA,
       Viral/GENETICS  Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay  Genes, env  Hela
       Cells/VIROLOGY  Human  HIV Core Protein p24/ANALYSIS  HIV Envelope
       Protein gp120/CHEMISTRY/GENETICS/*PHYSIOLOGY  HIV-1/GENETICS/*PHYSIOLOGY
       Immunoenzyme Techniques  Macrophages/*VIROLOGY  Molecular Sequence Data
       Phenotype  T-Lymphocytes/VIROLOGY  *Virus Replication  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).