Document 0163
 DOCN  M9620163
 TI    Stigma, HIV and AIDS: an exploration and elaboration of a stigma
       trajectory.
 DT    9602
 AU    Alonzo AA; Reynolds NR; Department of Sociology, Ohio State University,
       Columbus 43210,; USA.
 SO    Soc Sci Med. 1995 Aug;41(3):303-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/96083018
 AB    Stigma is a social construction which dramatically affects the life
       experiences of the individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency
       virus (HIV) and their partners, family and friends. While it has been
       generally recognized that the nature of stigma varies across illnesses,
       it has usually not been considered as changing and emerging over the
       course of a single illness. In this paper, HIV/AIDS is analyzed in terms
       of a stigma trajectory. The primary purpose is to conceptualize how
       individuals with HIV/AIDS experience stigma and to demonstrate how these
       experiences are affected by changes in the biophysical dimensions of
       HIV/AIDS. Four phases of the HIV/AIDS stigma trajectory are depicted:
       (1) at risk: pre-stigma and the worried well; (2) diagnosis: confronting
       an altered identity; (3) latent: living between illness and health; and
       (4) manifest: passage to social and physical death. The essential
       processes through which individuals personalize the illness, dilemmas
       encountered in interpersonal relations, strategies that are used to
       avoid or minimize HIV-related stigma, and subcultural networks and
       ideologies that are drawn upon to construct, avow, and adapt to an HIV
       identity are considered across the stigma trajectory.
 DE    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*PSYCHOLOGY/TRANSMISSION  Adaptation,
       Psychological  Attitude to Death  Bisexuality/PSYCHOLOGY  Homosexuality,
       Male/PSYCHOLOGY  Human  HIV Infections/*PSYCHOLOGY/TRANSMISSION
       Interpersonal Relations  Male  *Prejudice  Risk Factors  *Sick Role
       Substance Abuse, Intravenous/PSYCHOLOGY  JOURNAL ARTICLE  REVIEW
       REVIEW, TUTORIAL

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).