Document 0803
 DOCN  M9620803
 TI    HIV seroprevalence in emergency department patients: Portland, Oregon,
       1988-1991.
 DT    9602
 AU    Jui J; Stevens P; Hedberg K; Modesitt S; Department of Emergency
       Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences; University, Portland 97201, USA.
 SO    Acad Emerg Med. 1995 Sep;2(9):773-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/96026568
 AB    OBJECTIVES: In Portland, OR: 1) to determine the changes in HIV
       seroprevalence for ED patients from 1988 to 1991, 2) to define the
       characteristics of the HIV-positive ED patient, 3) to determine the
       hepatitis B seroprevalence of HIV-seropositive ED patients, and 4) to
       demonstrate the feasibility of an ED population-based surveillance
       investigation. METHODS: A prospective, multiyear observational,
       cross-sectional, multicenter, population-based seroprevalence study was
       performed using seven urban hospital EDs. Serologic testing for HIV and
       hepatitis B was performed on excess blood obtained from ED patients.
       Four sampling periods were used at each hospital at 14-month intervals
       starting June 1988 and ending December 1991. The blood specimens were
       obtained concurrently at all the participating hospitals. RESULTS: Of
       1,681 patients, 17 (1.0%) were HIV-positive. The HIV seroprevalence rate
       was relatively stable over time: 0.5% (2/444) in 1988, 1.7% (7/396) in
       1989, 1% (3/296) in 1990, and 0.9% (5/545) in 1991. Most (94%) HIV
       patients were men, 100% were white, 81% were > or = 30 years old. Most
       (59%) of the HIV-positive patients also were positive for hepatitis B
       core antibody. Many (76%) of the HIV-positive patients were known to be
       positive by the emergency health care worker. CONCLUSION: HIV
       seroprevalence among the ED patients in Portland, OR, was generally
       stable from 1988 to 1991. Many HIV-positive patients also were hepatitis
       B-positive, thus representing a double occupational infectious disease
       risk to ED personnel. A significant minority (24%) of the HIV-positive
       patients were not known to be HIV-positive by the ED personnel.
       Universal precautions and hepatitis B immunization are paramount for
       reducing the risk of infectious disease due to exposure to body fluids.
 DE    Adult  Cross-Sectional Studies  Emergency Service, Hospital  Female
       Hepatitis B/EPIDEMIOLOGY  Human  HIV Infections/*EPIDEMIOLOGY  *HIV
       Seroprevalence  Male  Oregon/EPIDEMIOLOGY  Prospective Studies  JOURNAL
       ARTICLE  MULTICENTER STUDY

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).