Document 0912
 DOCN  M9620912
 TI    Kinoids: the basis for anticytokine immunization and their use in HIV
       infection.
 DT    9602
 AU    Bizzini B; Achour A; Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Universite
       Pierre et; Marie Curie, Paris, France.
 SO    Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 1995 May;41(3):351-6. Unique Identifier
       : AIDSLINE MED/96059394
 AB    HIV infection is characterized, at least in part, by the dysregulation
       of the cytokine network. Both IFN gamma and IFN alpha are occasionally
       overproduced. These cytokines could participate in the HIV-induced
       immunosuppression. To enable a HIV-infected organism to promote an
       immune reaction against the virus, the immune competence should
       tentatively be restored by counteracting the overproduction of IFN alpha
       because of its well known antiproliferative properties. For this
       purpose, IFN alpha was chemically converted into a biologically
       inactive, but still immunogenic product, which we termed kinoid,
       reminiscent of that of bacterial toxins which have been transformed into
       toxoids for vaccination. The kinoid derived from IFN alpha showed to be
       well tolerated and immunogenic, since its administration to experimental
       animals and humans should result in no untoward reactions, while
       eliciting the production of anti-IFN alpha antibodies. Active kinoid
       immunization should permit to counteract the overproduction of the
       corresponding cytokine when involved in pathogenesis. Another
       alternative, although less attractive than active anti-kinoid
       vaccination, is passive immunization by administering anti-kinoid
       antibodies. Biological antagonists of cytokine, as well as gene therapy
       should also be taken into consideration.
 DE    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/ETIOLOGY/*THERAPY  Cell Death
       Cytokines/BIOSYNTHESIS/CHEMISTRY/*IMMUNOLOGY/PHYSIOLOGY/  *THERAPEUTIC
       USE  Female  Human  Immune Tolerance  *Immunotherapy, Active
       Interferon-alpha/CHEMISTRY/IMMUNOLOGY  Male  Models, Immunological
       T-Lymphocytes/IMMUNOLOGY  JOURNAL ARTICLE  REVIEW  REVIEW, TUTORIAL

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