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- $Title{Tonsillitis}
-
- A Medical Times Patient Education Chart
- (C) Romaine Pierson Publishers, Inc.
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Tonsillitis
-
- What Are Tonsils?
-
- Tonsils are gland-like structures that are located along the sides and
- back of the throat. They are made up of lymph tissue and are covered by
- mucous membranes.
- There are three types of tonsils. The pharyngeal tonsils (also known as
- adenoids, particularly when they are swollen), are embedded in the upper back
- wall of the mouth, behind the nose. The lingual tonsil is located in the back
- of the mouth, near where the tongue is anchored. The paired palatine tonsils
- are on either side of the tongue, under the arches of the mouth. Tonsillitis
- generally refers to inflammation of the palatine tonsils.
- One of the functions of the lymphatic system is to develop immune
- responses to ward off infection and disease. As part of that system, the
- palatine tonsils filter out and defend the body against disease-causing
- organisms entering through the nose and mouth. Being on the first line of
- defense, however, means that the tonsils are continually exposed to these
- harmful organisms. If the tonsils become infected, tonsillitis results. Most
- cases of tonsillitis occur in children under eight years old, although some
- adults continue to develop tonsillitis.
-
- Symptoms of Tonsillitis
-
- Infection causes the tonsils to become inflamed and bright red. Other
- signs of tonsillitis are sore throat, difficulty in swallowing, and sometimes
- pain extending up to the ear. Tonsillitis may also cause fever, headaches,
- and vomiting.
-
- Determining the Cause
-
- Your doctor will examine your throat and, if the tonsils appear inflamed,
- do a throat culture to determine the cause of the problem. Other members of
- your household should also have throat cultures and receive any necessary
- treatment to avoid passing the illness back and forth.
- If a virus caused the tonsillitis, treatment will include an analgesic
- and rest. If the streptococcus bacteria is the cause, penicillin is usually
- given for ten days. The throat culture may later be repeated to see if the
- treatment was effective.
-
- Must the Tonsils Be Removed?
-
- Years ago, the tonsils were often surgically removed even if only minor
- infections occurred, or sometimes even before any problems had arisen.
- Nowadays, surgery is performed only if tonsillitis occurs several times a
- year, or if the condition continues and the tonsils become so enlarged that
- swallowing and breathing become increasingly difficult.
- Children undergoing the procedure, known as tonsillectomy, receive
- general anesthesia. Following the operation, the child will still have a sore
- throat and difficulty in swallowing. Both conditions should clear up in a
- week or so. A possible postoperative complication is bleeding and spitting up
- of blood. This should receive prompt medical attention. An adult can have a
- tonsillectomy with only a local anesthesia. The operation may cause more
- postoperative pain for adults and require longer hospitalization and recovery
- time than it does for children.
-