home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- $Unique_ID{BRK00862}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{What Keeps People Smoking?}
- $Subject{smoking hazards addiction Community Social behavior behaviors smoke
- smoker addictive smokers psychological physical dependence dependent anxiety
- tension situations addicted nicotine withdrawal symptoms nausea headaches
- diarrhea constipation insomnia irritability concentrate concentrating appetite
- quitting cold turkey headache}
- $Volume{Q-23}
- $Log{
- The Effects of Smoking*0007301.scf
- Indirect Problems Caused by Smoking*0007302.scf}
-
- Copyright (c) 1991-92,1993 Tribune Media Services, Inc.
-
-
- What Keeps People Smoking?
-
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- QUESTION: I can't understand how some people keep smoking, when all the
- scientific evidence shows it to be a real health hazard. What keeps these
- people puffing away?
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- ANSWER: It may be hard to believe, but approximately one-third of all adults
- still smoke cigarettes. Though some statistics show that smoking has declined
- in recent years, most of this decrease can be attributed to people who have
- quit rather than a decrease in people who begin to smoke. Therefore, just as
- many people seem to be taking up this dangerous habit.
- Cigarette smoking, like drug use, is addictive. When people begin to
- smoke, the chances are that eventually they will become "addictive smokers."
- This means that even if they smoke infrequently at first, gradually, they will
- build up a desire for repeated cigarettes and ultimately they will have both a
- psychological and physical dependence on them. Psychologically, the act of
- smoking becomes addictive, and some people become dependent on it in
- situations which cause anxiety or tension, or when they simply want to relax.
- Physically, people become addicted to nicotine, the major substance in
- tobacco. When one has a craving to smoke, nicotine is inhaled, and the
- craving subsides. A certain amount of nicotine must be inhaled in order to
- continually relieve this craving; if not, there are severe withdrawal
- symptoms, which can last for days, or even months. These symptoms can include
- nausea, headaches, diarrhea, constipation, insomnia, irritability, an
- inability to concentrate, and an increase in appetite.
- Another reason that people continue to smoke, therefore, is because it is
- so difficult to quit. However, people do quit, and most individuals do so on
- their own, without any professional help. For those people who can not quit
- on their own, programs are offered by organizations such as the American
- Cancer Society, American Heart Association, and American Lung Association.
- These programs have about a 25% success rate.
- It seems that quitting "cold turkey" is a better strategy than gradually
- reducing the number of cigarettes smoked. Studies have shown that people can
- generally cut down to about twelve cigarettes a day, but they are unable to
- reduce their smoking further, because each remaining cigarette becomes more
- and more important to them. It becomes extremely difficult to eliminate them.
- There are people who successfully quit, and then for one reason or
- another start up again. This usually occurs very soon after the person has
- quit, and is usually triggered by stress and anxiety. However, the chances
- are very good that if someone has been without a cigarette for a year or more,
- they will remain "cigarette free."
- There are many social support systems and other kinds of reinforcement
- that a person can seek if the urge to smoke occurs. Support from one's
- spouse, family members, or friends can help to reduce the likelihood of
- relapse. And more and more today, Family Physicians are getting active in the
- most important medical care of all, preventing diseases caused by tobacco use.
- But regardless of the support systems available, the most important factor in
- determining whether a person will be able to achieve and maintain a life free
- from cigarettes is the level of their own motivation to do so.
-
- ----------------
-
- The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
- the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
- doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
- problem.
-
-