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$Unique_ID{BRK03599}
$Pretitle{}
$Title{Chromosome 11/14 Translocation}
$Subject{Chromosome 11/14 Translocation 11/14 Chromosome Translocation
Translocation of Chromosomes 11/14 Leukemias Hodgkin's Disease Letterer-Siwe
Disease Myelofibrosis-Osteosclerosis}
$Volume{}
$Log{}
Copyright (C) 1990 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
792:
Chromosome 11/14 Translocation
** IMPORTANT **
It is possible that the main title of the article (Chromosome 11/14
Translocation) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM
listing to find the alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this
article.
Synonyms
11/14 Chromosome Translocation
Translocation of Chromosomes 11/14
Information on the following disorders can be found in the Related
Disorders section of this report:
Leukemias
Hodgkin's Disease
Letterer-Siwe Disease
Myelofibrosis-Osteosclerosis
General Discussion
** REMINDER **
The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
section of this report.
Chromosome 11/14 Translocation is a chromosomal disorder caused by an
abnormal exchange of parts between chromosomes 11 and 14. Some of chromosome
11 is located on chromosome 14 or vice versa. This disorder is associated
with certain types of leukemia.
Symptoms
Chromosome 11/14 Translocation is associated with certain types of leukemia.
In leukemia, there is an unusually high level of white blood cells. There
are different types of white blood cells. Some are called B cells, and
others are called T cells. Chromosome 11/14 Translocation is linked
especially with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (generally involving the B cell)
and T-cell Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia. Where the translocation is located on
a chromosome usually determines which type of leukemia a person will get.
Symptoms of these leukemias may include anemia causing loss of strength
(asthenia), pallor, headache, ringing of the ears (tinnitus), labored,
breathing (dyspnea), chest pain (angina), and swelling (edema). Hemorrhage,
infections (generally bacterial such as sinusitis or pneumonia), fatigue,
night sweats, fever, anorexia, or weight loss are other possible symptoms of
leukemia. Swelling of the lymph nodes may also occur.
Causes
Chromosome 11/14 Translocation is caused by an exchange of parts between
chromosomes 11 and 14. Some of chromosome 11 is located on chromosome 14 or
vice versa. The reasons these chromosomes are abnormal is not understood.
However, in some cases the cause may be genetic, possibly of autosomal
dominant inheritance.
Human traits, including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of
the interaction of two genes, one received from the father and one from the
mother. In dominant disorders a single copy of the disease gene (received
from either the mother or father) will be expressed "dominating" the other
normal gene and resulting in appearance of the disease. The risk of
transmitting the disorder from affected parent to offspring is fifty percent
for each pregnancy regardless of the sex of the resulting child.
Affected Population
Chromosome 11/14 Translocation is a rare disorder associated with certain
types of leukemia. There are many types of leukemia, some of which are not
rare.
Related Disorders
Leukemias are the generalized cancerous (neoplastic) disorders of the blood
forming tissue, such as bone marrow. They primarily affect tissues forming
the white blood cells (leukocytes), causing an abnormally high accumulation
of white blood cells. There are many different types of Leukemias. (For
more information on these disorders, choose "leukemia" as your search term in
the Rare Disease Database).
Hodgkin's Disease is a form of cancer of the lymphatic system, especially
the lymph nodes. Tumors occur in the lymph nodes and/or the area around the
nodes. Fever, night sweats, and weight loss may occur along with the swollen
lymph nodes. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Hodgkin's" as
your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
Letterer-Siwe Disease (Histiocytosis-X) is a hereditary disorder
characterized by generalized enlargement of lymph nodes, liver and spleen,
combined with persistent low-grade fever. Symptoms include pallor,
yellowish-brown spotty elevated (maculopapular) lesions, sometimes with
ulceration. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Histiocytosis-X"
as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
Myelofibrosis-Osteosclerosis is a disorder characterized by the growth of
fibrous tissue in the bone marrow causing anemia, weakness and fatigue due to
constant replacement of normal bone marrow cells. Episodes of severe pain in
the abdomen, bones and joints may also occur. (For more information on this
disorder, choose "Myelofibrosis" as your search term in the Rare Disease
Database).
Therapies: Standard
Treatment of leukemia associated with Chromosome 11/14 Translocation may
include the following:
Chemotherapy involves the use of "anticancer" drugs. Leukeran
(chlorambucil) is one drug that is often used for standard treatment of
leukemia. Radiotherapy (radiation) may be used to destroy lymphocytes and
shrink enlarged lymph nodes. Prednisone, an immunosuppressive drug, may also
be used. Other treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
Therapies: Investigational
Leukapheresis is a procedure by which leukocytes are removed from the
patient's blood. Pentaspan is an orphan drug which has recently been
approved for marketing, and is used to aid in leukapheresis.
There are several orphan drugs being used on an experimental basis or in
clinical trials to treat different types of leukemia.
For Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL), the following orphan drugs are
being tested:
erwinia l-asparaginase by Porton Products, Ltd., Encino, CA, and also by
LyphoMed, Inc., Melrose Park, IL.
PEG-L-asparaginase by Enzon, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ.
For B-cell Leukemia, orphan drugs being tested are the following:
ImmuRAIT, LL-2-I-131 by Immunomedics, Inc., Warren, NJ.
ST1-RTA Immunotoxin (SR 44163) by Sanofi, Inc., New York, NY.
For Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, the orphan drug being tested is:
fludarabine phosphate by Triton Biosciences, Alameda, CA.
For treatment of primary immunodeficiency disease associated with T-cell
defects, there is recombinant Interleukin-2 being developed by Cetus Corp.,
Emeryville, CA.
For further information, contact the Investigational Drug Branch of the
National Cancer Institute listed in the Resources section of this report.
This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
November 1990. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
the most current information about this disorder.
Resources
For more information on Chromosome 11/14 Translocation
National Organization for Rare Disorders
P.O. Box 8923
New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
(203) 746-6518
American Cancer Society
1599 Clifton Rd., NE
Atlanta, GA 30329
(404) 320-3333
Leukemia Society of America
733 Third Avenue
New York, NY 10017
(212) 573-8484
NIH/National Cancer Institute
9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 31, Rm. 1A2A
Bethesda, MD 20892
1-800-4-CANCER
The National Cancer Institute has developed PDQ (Physician Data Query), a
computerized data base designed to give the public, cancer patients and
families, and health professionals quick and easy access to many types of
information vital to patients with leukemia and other types of cancer. To
gain access to this service, call:
Cancer Information Service (CIS)
1-800-4-CANCER
In Washington, DC and suburbs in Maryland and Virginia, 636-5700
In Alaska, 1-800-638-6070
In Oahu, Hawaii, (808) 524-1234 (Neighbor islands call collect)
For genetic information and genetic counseling referrals:
March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
White Plains, NY 10605
(914) 428-7100
Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
Chevy Chase, MD 20815
(800) 336-GENE
(301) 652-5553
References
CECIL TEXTBOOK OF MEDICINE, 18th Ed.: James B. Wyngaarden, and Lloyd H.
Smith, Jr., Editors; W.B. Saunders Co., 1988. Pp. 994-1003, 1795, 1797.
INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2nd Ed.: Jay H. Stein, ed.-in-chief; Little, Brown
and Co., 1987. Pp. 1826-1829.
MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 8th Ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins
University Press, 1986. Pp. 457-458, 704.
THE CHROMOSOME TRANSLOCATION (11;14)(p13;q11) ASSOCIATED WITH T-CELL
ACUTE LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; AN 11p13 BREAKPOINT CLUSTER REGION. G. Yoffe, et
al.; Blood (July 1989; issue 74 (1)). Pp. 374-379.
THE MECHANISM OF CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATION t(11;14) INVOLVING THE T-CELL
RECEPTOR C DELTA LOCUS ON HUMAN CHROMOSOME 14q11 AND A TRANSCRIBED REGION OF
CHROMOSOME 11p15. T. Boehm, et al.; Embo J (February 1988; issue 7 (2)). Pp.
385-394.
TRANSLOCATION BREAKPOINT IN t(11;14) IN B-CELL LEUKEMIA IS NOT AT THE
RARE FRAGILE SITE AT 11q13.3. A. H. Puspurs, et al.; Cancer Genet Cytogenet
(March 1988; issue 31 (1)). Pp. 25-30.