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- $Unique_ID{BRK03640}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Cutis Laxa}
- $Subject{Cutis Laxa Dermatolysis Chalazodermia Dermatomegaly Chalasodermia
- Dermatochalasia Congenital Cutis Laxa Syndrome Acquired Cutis Laxa Syndrome}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1986, 1990 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 175:
- Cutis Laxa
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Cutis Laxa) is not the name
- you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing to find the alternate names
- and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Dermatolysis
- Chalazodermia
- Dermatomegaly
- Chalasodermia
- Dermatochalasia
-
- DISORDER SUBDIVISIONS
-
- Congenital Cutis Laxa Syndrome
- Acquired Cutis Laxa Syndrome
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- Cutis Laxa is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by lax skin
- hanging in loose folds which may be thickened and is often pigmented. There
- are two forms of the syndrome. The congenital form may be either apparent at
- birth or within the first few months of life. This form may be inherited as
- either an autosomal dominant or as an autosomal recessive condition. The
- acquired form of Cutis Laxa appears at puberty or later, and occurs only
- rarely.
-
- Symptoms
-
- The congenital form of Cutis Laxa which is present at birth or is noticed
- during the first months of life, is frequently preceded by episodes of edema
- (swelling). It is characterized by a loss of elasticity of the skin and the
- formation of skin folds. This occurs wherever the skin is normally loose and
- hanging, but is particularly noticeable on the face. Children afflicted with
- the disorder often have a mournful or Churchillian face due to the lax skin
- folds. The disorder progresses during infancy and becomes less evident after
- puberty. While adult males may exhibit infantile genitalia and impotence,
- the general development of patients afflicted with the disorder is usually
- normal. In severe cases, there may be progressive pulmonary emphysema
- resulting in cor pulmonale (enlargement of the right ventricle of the heart).
- Occasionally, there may be hernias or the presence of diverticula in the GI
- tract.
-
- The acquired form of Cutis Laxa is clinically distinct from the
- congenital form. The disease may develop insidiously and it may appear at
- puberty or later in life, often preceded by episodes of angioedema or
- inflammation. The skin changes represented by folding are slow to develop.
- These folds may be either generalized or limited to the face, body or neck.
- There is vascular fragility and purpura (purplish reddish spots on the skin).
- Aortic rupture, pulmonary complications, respiratory insufficiency due to
- emphysema or gastroenteric manifestations may also occur. It may also
- develop following a severe illness involving fever, polyserositis, and
- erythema multiforme, usually in children or adolescents.
-
- Causes
-
- The cause of Cutis Laxa Syndromes is unknown. It may be inherited as either
- an autosomal recessive (more malignant forms) or incomplete autosomal
- dominant trait. Diagnostic distinction from the acquired form is only
- clinical and the etiologic distinction between the two forms is not clear.
-
- Human traits including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of
- the interaction of two genes for that condition, one received from the father
- and one from the mother.
-
- In recessive disorders, the condition does not appear unless a person
- inherits the same defective gene from each parent. If one receives one
- normal gene and one gene for the disease, the person will be a carrier for
- the disease, but usually will show no symptoms. The risk of transmitting the
- disease to the children of a couple, both of whom are carriers for a
- recessive disorder, is twenty-five percent. Fifty percent of their children
- will be carriers, but healthy as described above. Twenty-five percent of
- their children will receive both normal genes, one from each parent and will
- be genetically normal.
-
- In dominant disorders, a single copy of the disease gene (received from
- either the mother or father) will be expressed "dominating" the normal gene
- and resulting in appearance of the disease. The risk of transmitting the
- disorder from affected parent to offspring is 50% for each pregnancy
- regardless of the sex of the resulting child.)
-
- The congenital form of the disorder is more severe when emphysema is
- present. The disorder also appears to be more severe when it is inherited as
- an autosomal recessive trait. When the disease is inherited as an autosomal
- dominant trait, frequently the only problem associated with the disorder is
- cosmetic.
-
- The severity of the acquired form of Cutis Laxa Syndrome is determined by
- the intensity, progression and pulmonary complications of the disorder.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- While there is no specific therapy for patients with Cutis Laxa Syndromes,
- plastic surgery usually considerably improves the appearance of individuals
- with the inherited form, but may be less successful in acquired Cutis Laxa.
- Appropriate treatment of cardiorespiratory complications is necessary when
- they occur.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- January 1990. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Cutis Laxa, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- The National Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Information
- Clearinghouse
- Box AMS
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 495-4484
-
- For information on genetics and genetic counseling referrals, please
- contact:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- THE MERCK MANUAL 15th ed: R. Berkow, et al: eds; Merck, Sharp & Dohme
- Research Laboratories, 1987. P. 2100.
-
-