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$Unique_ID{BRK03745}
$Pretitle{}
$Title{Floating-Harbor Syndrome}
$Subject{Floating-Harbor Syndrome FHS Dubowitz Syndrome Russell-Silver
Syndrome Three M Syndrome}
$Volume{}
$Log{}
Copyright (C) 1993 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
934:
Floating-Harbor Syndrome
** IMPORTANT **
It is possible that the main title of the article (Floating-Harbor
Syndrome) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing to
find the alternate name and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
Synonyms
FHS
Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
Disorders section of this report:
Dubowitz Syndrome
Russell-Silver Syndrome
Three M Syndrome
General Discussion
** REMINDER **
The Information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
section of this report.
Floating-Harbor Syndrome is a very rare disorder characterized by short
stature, delayed language skills, and a triangular shaped face. A broad
nose, deep-set eyes and a wide mouth with thin lips give the affected patient
a distinct appearance. FHS was named for the first two patients who were
seen at Boston Floating Hospital and Harbor General Hospital in California.
The cause of this disorder is not known.
Symptoms
Floating-Harbor Syndrome is a very rare disorder in which the affected
patient has short stature with delayed bone growth, a delay in expressive
language, and distinct facial features.
Growth may be affected prenatally but typically becomes apparent during
the first year of life. All patients with FHS have a delay in bone age which
means that the rate of growth and development of the bones is slower than
normal. The limbs and trunk are in proportion while the head may appear
relatively large.
Delayed expressive language is found in all patients with FHS. Some
children may be delayed in their learning ability as well. Most children
appear to be slightly behind in school but there have been no recorded cases
of moderate or severe retardation.
Distinctive facial features are another symptom of Floating-Harbor
Syndrome. These features typically become apparent at the age of three or
four years. The nose and nasal bridge are broad, and the mouth is wide with
thin lips. The eyes are deeply set and the face appears small with a
triangular shape. Eyelashes may be longer than normal, and there may be
dental abnormalities.
Abnormal bending (clinodactyly) of the fifth finger, clubbing of the
fingers and/or excessive body hair (hirsutism) have been found in some
patients with Floating-Harbor Syndrome.
An intestinal malabsorption disorder caused by intolerance to gluten
(Celiac Sprue) has been found in several patients with this disorder. (For
more information on this disorder choose "Celiac Sprue" as your search term
in the Rare Disease Database). An additional thumb, constipation and/or a
narrowing of the opening of the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery
(pulmonary stenosis) have also been found in several affected patients.
Causes
The exact cause of Floating-Harbor Syndrome is not known. There have been no
reported cases of reccurence within a family. It is thought that FHS may be
a new dominant mutation. A mutation is an unusual change in genetic material
that has occurred for no apparent reason. The alteration changes the
original expression of the gene. When a mutation occurs it can be
transmitted to future generations.
Affected Population
Floating-Harbor Syndrome is a very rare disorder that affects males and
females in equal numbers. There have been approximately twenty cases of this
disorder reported in the medical literature. It is thought that the
incidence of this disorder may actually be higher because many cases go
unrecognized.
Related Disorders
Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Floating-
Harbor Syndrome. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
Dubowitz Syndrome is a rare disorder thought to be inherited as an
autosomal recessive genetic trait. Symptoms of this disorder are apparent at
birth. Short stature, dental abnormalities, low birth weight, and/or unusual
facial features are characteristic of Dubowitz Syndrome. (For more
information on this disorder, choose "Dubowitz Syndrome" as your search term
in the Rare Disease Database).
Russell-Silver Syndrome is a rare disorder commonly thought of as a type
of dwarfism. People with this disorder are short with a small triangular-
shaped face, and light brown spots on the skin. Developmental abnormalities,
as well as abnormal curvature of the fifth finger, may also be present. The
exact cause of Russell-Silver Syndrome is not known although some medical
researchers believe it may be inherited as either an X-linked or dominant
genetic trait with incomplete penetrance. (For more information on this
disorder, choose "Russell-Silver Syndrome" as your search term in the Rare
Disease Database).
Three M Syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by low birth weight,
short stature, narrow face, abnormal bending of the fingers (clinodactyly),
and thin-slender long bones. The head appears to be large and the face has a
triangular shape. A prominent mouth as well as a short neck are also
features of this disorder. Three M Syndrome is inherited as an autosomal
recessive genetic trait.
Therapies: Standard
Patients with Floating-Harbor Syndrome will benefit from an educational
environment that provides appropriate programs to assist their needs. Speech
therapy as well as teachers trained to work with learning disabilities will
be of benefit.
Genetic counseling may be of benefit for patients and their families.
Other treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
Therapies: Investigational
Research on birth defects and their causes is ongoing. The National
Institutes of Health (NIH) is sponsoring the Human Genome Project which is
aimed at mapping every gene in the human body and learning why they sometimes
malfunction. It is hoped that this new knowledge will lead to prevention and
treatment of genetic disorders in the future.
This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
January 1993. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
current information about this disorder.
Resources
For more information on Floating Harbor Syndrome, please contact:
National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
P.O. Box 8923
New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
(203) 746-6518
Floating-Harbor Syndrome Support Group
27 Hatfield Road
Dagenham
Essex, RM9 6JR
The National Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Information
Clearinghouse
Box AMS
Bethesda, MD 20892
(301) 495-4484
Human Growth Foundation (HGF)
7777 Leesburg Pike
P.O. Box 3090
Falls Church, VA 22043
(703) 883-1773
Short Stature Foundation
17200 Jamboree Rd., Suite J
Irvine, CA 92714-5828
(714) 474-4554
(800) 24-DWARF
Association for Research into Restricted Growth
2 Mount Court
81 Central Hill
London SE 19 1BS
England
For Genetic Information and Genetic Counseling Referrals:
March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
White Plains, NY 10605
(914) 428-7100
Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
Chevy Chase, MD 20815
(800) 336-GENE
(301) 652-5553
References
MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 10th Ed.: Victor A. McKusick, Editor: Johns
Hopkins University Press, 1990. Pp. 398.
FLOATING-HARBOR SYNDROME: M.A. Patton, et al.; J Med Genet (1991, issue
28). Pp. 201-204.
FLOATING-HARBOR SYNDROME AND CELIAC DISEASE: A.E. Chudley, et al.; Am J
Med Genet (March 15, 1991, issue 38(4)). Pp. 562-4.