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$Unique_ID{BRK03765}
$Pretitle{}
$Title{Gastroenteritis, Eosinophilic}
$Subject{Gastroenteritis Eosinophilic EG Pattern I Eosinophilic
Gastroenteritis Pattern II Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis Pattern III
Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis Whipple's Disease Celiac Sprue Tropical Sprue
Mastocytosis Crohn's Disease}
$Volume{}
$Log{}
Copyright (C) 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
733:
Gastroenteritis, Eosinophilic
** IMPORTANT **
It is possible that the main title of the article (Eosinophilic
Gastroenteritis) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM
listing to find the alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this
article.
Synonyms
EG
Disorder Subdivisions
Pattern I Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis
Pattern II Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis
Pattern III Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis
Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
Disorders section of this report:
Whipple's Disease
Celiac Sprue
Tropical Sprue
Mastocytosis
Crohn's Disease
General Discussion
** REMINDER **
The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
section of this report.
Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis is a rare digestive disease characterized by
an abnormal infiltration of certain white blood cells (eosinophils) in the
lining of the stomach, small intestines and/or large intestine.
Symptoms
Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis is a rare digestive disease characterized by a
distinct infiltration of certain white blood cells (eosinophils) into the
lining of the stomach, small intestines and/or large intestine. This
disorder is classified into three separate clinical patterns.
Pattern I Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis has extensive infiltration of
eosinophils in the area below the mucous membrane (submucosa) and muscle
wall. It is more commonly seen in the stomach (gastric antrum) but may also
affect the small intestine or colon. Symptoms of this form of the disease
may include nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. It may cause an obstruction
and can be diagnosed by barium X-Ray studies.
Pattern II Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis is characterized by eosinophil
infiltration of the mucous and submucosal membranes. In children it usually
affects the lining of the stomach, while in adults it tends to affect the
small intestine. It is characterized by diarrhea, abdominal and/or back
pain, swelling (edema) and mild to moderate inadequate absorption of
nutrients (malabsorption).
Pattern III is the rarest type of Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis. It is
usually seen in the subserosal and serosal membranes of the stomach and is
characterized by an accumulation of fluid in the abdomen (ascites). This
fluid contains many of these specific white cells (eosinophils) and can
infiltrate the serous membrane of the lungs (pleural effusion). Symptoms of
this form of the disease may include chest pain, fever, shortness of breath
and limited motion of the chest wall.
Causes
The exact cause of Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis is unknown. Some cases of
this disease may be caused by a hypersensitivity to certain foods or other
unknown allergens.
Affected Population
Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis is a very rare disease that affects males and
females in equal numbers. People with a history of allergies, eczema, and
seasonal asthma are more likely to develop this disease.
Related Disorders
Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Eosinophilic
Gastroenteritis. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
Whipple's Disease is an uncommon digestive disorder of unknown origin.
This disease affects the lining of the small intestine resulting in
malabsorption. The disorder may also affect other organs of the body such as
the heart, lung, brain, joints, eye and gastrointestinal tract. (For more
information on this disorder, choose "Whipple" as your search term in the
Rare Disease Database).
Celiac Sprue is a chronic, hereditary, intestinal malabsorption disorder
caused by an intolerance to gluten. The illness is characterized by a flat
jejunal (part of the intestine) mucosa. Clinical and/or histologic
improvement of symptoms follow withdrawal of dietary gluten. (For more
information on this disorder, choose "Celiac" as your search term in the Rare
Disease Database).
Mastocytosis is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal
accumulations of specific cells (mast cells) normally found in connective
tissue. The liver, spleen, lungs, bone, skin and sometimes the membrane
surrounding the brain and spine (meninges) may be affected. Cases beginning
during adulthood tend to involve the inner organs more than the skin, whereas
during childhood, the condition is often marked by skin manifestations with
minimal organ involvement. (For more information on this disorder, choose
"Mastocytosis" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
Tropical Sprue is characterized by malabsorption, multiple nutritional
deficiencies, and abnormalities in the small bowel mucosa. The exact cause of
Tropical Sprue is unknown. It appears to be acquired and related to
environmental and nutritional conditions. It is most prevalent in the
Caribbean, South India and Southeast Asia. (For more information on this
disorder, choose "Tropical Sprue" as your search term in the Rare Disease
Database.)
Crohn's Disease, also known as ileitis, regional enteritis, or
granulomatous colitis, is a form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized
by severe, often granulomatous, chronic inflammation of the wall of the
gastrointestinal tract. In most cases, the ileum and is affected. Crohn's
disease can be difficult to manage, but mortality due to the disease itself
or to complications from the disease is low. (For more information on this
disorder, choose "Crohn's" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.)
Therapies: Standard
The corticosteroid drug prednisone is usually an effective treatment for
Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis. Eliminating foods that one is allergic to may
prove helpful in some cases of this disease. Surgery may be necessary in
severe cases where there is an obstruction of the intestines. Other
treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
Therapies: Investigational
At the present time, a study is being conducted on the effectiveness of the
membrane stabilizing drug sodium chromoglycate. More research must be
conducted to determine long-term safety and effectiveness of this drug.
This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
January 1990. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
current information about this disorder.
Resources
For more information on Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis, please contact:
National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
P.O. Box 8923
New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
(203) 746-6518
National Digestive Diseases Clearinghouse
Box NDIC
Bethesda, MD 20892
(301) 468-2162
References
INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2nd ed.: Jay H. Stein, ed.-in chief; Little Brown and
Co., 1987. Pp. 136.
PULMONARY DISEASES AND DISORDERS, Volume 3, 2nd Ed.: Alfred P. Fishman
M.D., ed.-in-chief; McGraw -Hill Book Co., 1980. Pp. 2123.
NEAR FATAL EOSINOPHILIC GASTROENTERITIS RESPONDING TO ORAL SODIUM
CHROMOGLYATE. R. Moots, et al.; GUT (September 1988, issue 29 (9)). Pp.
1282-185.
EOSINOPHILIC GASTROENTERITIS; ULTRASTRUCTURAL EVIDENCE FOR A SELECTIVE
RELEASE OF EOSINOPHIL MAJOR BASIC PROTEIN. G. Torpier, et al.; CLIN EXP
IMMUNOL (December 1988, issue 74 (3)). Pp. 404-408.
EOSINOPHILIC GASTROENTERITIS PRESENTING WITH BILIARY AND DUODENAL
OBSTRUCTION. M. Rumans, et al.; AM GASTROENTEROL (August 1987, issue 82
(8)). Pp. 775-778.