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The Epic Interactive Encyclopedia 1997
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1992-09-02
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Level, low-lying tracts of land in E England,
W and S of the Wash, about 115 km/70 mi N-S
and 55 km/34 mi E-W. They fall within the
counties of Lincolnshire, Cambridgeshire, and
Norfolk, consisting of a huge area, formerly
a bay of the North Sea, but now crossed by
numerous drainage canals and forming some of
the most productive agricultural land in
Britain. The peat portion of the Fens is
known as the Bedford Level. The first
drainage attempts were made by the Romans.
After the Norman conquest a 100 km/60 mi long
earthwork was constructed as a barrage
against the sea. In 1634 the 4th earl of
Bedford brought over the Dutch water-engineer
Vermuyden, who introduced Dutch methods.
Burwell Fen and Wicken Fen, NE of Cambridge,
have been preserved undrained as nature
reserves.