home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
The Epic Interactive Encyclopedia 1997
/
The_Epic_Interactive_Encyclopedia_97.iso
/
menufiles
/
europedia
/
switzerland.txt
< prev
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1992-09-02
|
1KB
|
17 lines
In the tenth century the territory which is now Switzerland was part of the
Holy Roman Empire. But the birth of the nation truly occurred in 1291 with
the formation of a defensive alliance between the three cantons of
Unterwalden, Uri, and Schwyz (from which the name Switzerland originates).
The other 20 cantons joined the alliance during the following centuries,
eventually culminating in the adoption of a federal constitution in 1848.
The independence and neutrality of Switzerland had been guaranteed in 1648
under the terms of the Treaty of Westphalia. The nations's history is one of
defiance; in 1559 it resisted attempts by Savoy to take control and then it
fought off Napoleon in the early nineteenth century. Banking, watchmaking,
and tourism are major industries; Switzerland also houses the headquarters
of many international organisations such as the Red Cross and the United
Nations. There are four national languages; German is spoken by about three
quarters of the population, French by 20% (mainly in the west), Italian by
5% (traditionally in the south), and only some 1% speak Romansch (usually in
Engadin). Christianity is the main religion.