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\V in memory of Trung Mai ______________________ VIE^'T version 1.6 Copyright 1990, 1991 by Ho`a G. Nguye^~n P.O\. Box 3834, La Mesa, CA 91944-3834 ________________________ I\. EQUIPMENT: The following equipment are required to run VIE^'T: * IBM-PC/XT/AT/386/486 or compatible (TURBO speed is recommended for PC/XT clones) * CGA graphics capability (color monitor is NOT required, VIE^'T will run on EGA, VGA, etc., using the CGA mode) * Dot-matrix printer (or HP-Laserjet compatible laser printer with font downloading capability--using the VLASER module) The following files must reside in your active directory: VIET.COM (VIE^'T program) SCRFONT (Screen font) COURIER.PRF (Default printer font) Other files associated with VIE^'T are: HELP1.SCR or HELP2.SCR (On-screen help) SCRFONT.1, SCRFONT.2, SCRFONT.3 (Screen fonts) PALATINO\.PRF (Another dot-matrix font) VIET.DOC (User's manual--this file) VLASER.EXE (Laser printing program) COURIER.LSR, CHANCERY\.LSR, PALATINO\.LSR, PRESTIGE\.LSR (Laser fonts) SCDESIGN.COM (Screen font designing program) PRDESIGN.COM (Dot-matrix font design program) LSDESIGN.COM (Laser font designing program) VMORE\.EXE (File translation/viewing prog.) VIET1P6.PAR, VLASER.PAR, VMORE\.PAR, SCDESIGN.PAR PRDESIGN.PAR, LSDESIGN.PAR (Environment files) II\. BASIC COMMANDS: 1. Start Up: To run VIE^'T, you must be in the same directory or logged on the same floppy drive where VIE^'T is stored. The file you are editing may or may not be in the same directory\. There are 2 ways to start VIE^'T: i\. Type "VIET (Enter)" VIE^'T will pop up an opening screen and ask for a file name: Enter file name (Oldfilename): _ You can type in a file name, including drive and directory, then press Enter. Oldfilename is the name of the file you last edited. If you wish to reload this file, simply press (Enter). If you knew ahead of time that you simply want to re-edit the file you last worked on, just type "VIET (Enter) (Enter)" to get started. ii\. Type "VIET filename (Enter)". The file named filename will be loaded for editing, no questions asked. In either case, if the file whose name you supplied does not exist, VIE^'T will create a blank file for you\. If the file exists, a copy of it will be made and given the .BAK (backup) file name\. 2. Text Entering: Characters are inserted at the current cursor position as you type on the keyboard. Accented Vietnamese vowels are entered by first typing the vowel, then ad\ding the accent marks. Example: O^' is entered as O ^ ' There are 2 input modes, switched by the F5 key\. Either mode may be selected and used indefinitely, without having to switch to the other mode\. The existence of 2 different modes is only to satisfy different users' needs. MODE 1: The special Vietnamese vowels are entered by repeating keystrokes, as follows: aa = a( aaa = a^ ee = e^ oo = o+ ooo = o^ uu = u+ d\d = dd (and likewise for capital letters, but the second character need not be capitalized. For example, both "AA" and "Aa" give "A("). If you ever need to type repeated vowels, such as "soong," use the F6 function key\. F6 repeats the character on the left of the cursor. For example, to get "soong", type "s o F6 n g". Accent marks are entered by depressing the CTRL key and another letter key at the same time\. The keys for the accent marks are laid out in an ergonomic pattern (the most commonly used marks are assigned to the most easily reached keys) as follows: ho?i nga~ U O CTRL - sa('c na(.ng huye^`n J K L Example: To type "thuye^`n," use the following keystrokes: "t h u y e e CTRL-L n" NOTE: Some keyboards are designed so that the ALT key is more easily reached than the CTRL key\. VIE^'T has been designed to accept both. Whenever a CTRL key is called for, pressing the ALT key will work also\. (Pressing F1 will pop up a help screen to remind you of the keyboard layout and available commands.) MODE 2: Each diacritic mark is entered using a user-assignable key\. The default keys have been arranged so that the most commonly used marks are assigned to the most dextrous fingers, and such that all letter/mark combinations feel natural. The default assignments are: 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 nga~ o+,u+ ho?i sa('c na(.ng huye^`n a^,e^,o^ dd a( All numbers typed which cannot be interpreted as a diacritic mark will appear as normal numbers. For example, you will get "d8", or "$24,435" as expected. If, however, you would like to get "a2" and not "a~", you must press the F6 key in between (that is, type "a F6 2". In this mode, the F6 key tells VIE^'T to ignore the last character. (Note that this behavior of F6 is different than that in mode 1.) Mode 2 keys can be reassigned as desired. To create a customized layout, press ALT F1 and follow the instructions. In either mode, there is a sub-mode called LITERAL, in which every character you type is accepted literally, without any interpretation. This mode is useful for typing English text, for example\. The LITERAL mode is toggled on/off using the F2 key\. For either mode, lines will wrap around as soon as a character is entered past the right margin. Right justification can be turned ON or OFF (see section III). If a character is inserted in the mid\dle of the line which forces the end of the line past the right margin, a break will be inserted at the cursor location to accommodate further insertions. When all editing on the paragraph has been completed, CTRL-B can be used to reform the paragraph (from the cursor forward). 3. Cursor movements: Most of VIE^'T's cursor movement commands follow WordStar's easy-to-remember and ergonomic design. The user can execute most commands without having to move his/her hands away from the home row on the keyboard, resulting in very fast editing. The cursor can be moved to any area of the screen where text or spaces have previously been entered. The cursor can not be moved past the end of the file or to any blank area unless spaces, tabs or carriage returns have previously been entered in those areas. The following is the lay-out of VIE^'T's cursor commands: Up Line Up Page E R Left Word Left Char. Right Char. Right Word CTRL - A S D F Down Line Down Page X C The arrow keys and PgUp, PgDn, Home and End of the numeric key pad are also available and are functionally identical to CTRL-E, X, S, D, R, C, CTRL-Q: R and CTRL-Q: C. SEE ALSO: CTRL-Q: S,D,R,C for extended-range cursor movements (under SECOND-LEVEL COMMANDS, section III). 4. Deleting: The following simple delete commands are available: CTRL-G (same as the Del key): deletes the character under the cursor. CTRL-H (same as the BackSpace key): deletes the character to the left of the cursor, if that character is an accented vowel, the accent mark is deleted first. CTRL-T: deletes to the beginning of the next word. SEE ALSO: CTRL-Q: T, Y for line and paragraph deletion (under SECOND-LEVEL COMMANDS, section III). III\. SECOND-LEVEL COMMANDS The following are two-keystroke commands. The first keystroke is a combination of the CTRL key and a letter key (Q, W, or P). This is followed by another letter key, as specified below. If you would like to abort the command before the second key is entered, press ESC, space, or the backspace key\. 1. The Quick (CTRL-Q) Commands: S (extends the range of CTRL-S): moves cursor to beginning of line\. D (extends the range of CTRL-\D): moves cursor to end of line\. R (extends the range of CTRL-R): moves cursor to beginning of file (the Home key performs the same function). C (extends the range of CTRL-C): moves cursor to end of file (the End key performs the same function). T (extends the range of CTRL-T): deletes the current line\. The following CTRL-Q commands allow you to move or delete blocks of text. First, define the block by marking the first and last lines. Then bring the cursor to the location to which you want to move the block and execute the block move\. Block deletion can be accomplished with the cursor anywhere\. These operations only work on blocks of whole lines. To move a block which contains a partial line (by itself or at the beginning or end of the block), first use the carriage return to cut the line, move the block, then use CTRL-B to reform the paragraph. Likewise, to insert a block in the mid\dle of a line, first cut up that line using carriage return. B (Begin block): marks the first line of the block. E (End block): marks the last line of the block (may be the same as the first line). M (Move block): inserts the marked block (from the beginning of the first line to the end of the last line) at current line\. All lines from the current line are pushed down. Y (delete block): deletes the marked block. W (Write block): writes the marked block to a disk file\. VIE^'T will ask for a file name\. If a file with the same name already exists, it will be given the new extension BAK (backup). Any previous file with the same name and BAK extension will be deleted. NOTE: While typing in a name, if you would like to abort a command, simply press ESC (or backspace while the cursor is on the first character's position). 2. The Work File Operations (CTRL-W) Commands: S (Save file): saves the file, then resumes editing. Every time VIE^'T saves the file, the old file (if existed on disk) is given the new extension BAK (backup). If a file with the same BAK extension existed (from a previous save), it will be deleted. (F9 also executes this command.) Q (Quit): quits without saving. X (save and eXit): saves the file, then exits program. (F10 also executes this command.) L (Left margin): allows user to set the left margin, as when indentation of whole paragraphs is required. The new margin only applies to subsequent actions (including subsequent CTRL-B commands). For page centering of printer output, use CTRL-P: O (Page Offset) instead. (Default = 1) R (Right margin): allows user to set the right margin to control page width. Note that the margins are depicted by the margin bar at the top of the screen. (Default = 65) Note: If you would like to abort a command while VIE^'T is waiting for a number to be entered (such as the margins, page offset, etc.), simply press ESC (or backspace if the cursor is on the first-\digit position). J (Justify): toggles right justifying ON / OFF. When justifying is ON, lines will end with a word flush with the right margin (as in printed books). (Default = ON) I (Insert file): reads an external file and inserts at current line\. All lines from the current line are pushed down. This command and its counterpart, CTRL-Q: W, allow the user to move blocks of text between files or to copy a block to another location in the same file (while leaving the original block intact) by writing the block to a temporary file and reading it back. WARNING: the file to be read in must be a legitimate VIE^'T-format file (text file with fewer than 78 letters per line), or unpredictable errors may result. 3. The Print (CTRL-P) Commands: (These commands deal with dot- matrix printing. For laser printing, use the program VLASER.EXE\. VLASER lets you format the page and choose different fonts within that program itself.) T (Top margin): specifies the vertical location (row number) of the first line of the printed page (6 rows = 1 inch). You should adjust this and the bottom margin to fit your printer's requirements. (Default = 1) B (Bottom margin): specifies the vertical location of the last line of the printed page\. (Default = 55) NOTE: Some printers have trouble with dot alignment when printing in the top one inch of the page\. If you have this problem, adjust the top margin to avoid this area\. L (page Length): specifies the length of each sheet of printer paper (in number of lines, 1 inch = 6 lines). Must be less than 128. (Default = 66). N (page Numbering): toggles page numbering ON / OFF. When page numbering is ON, a page number will be printed at the bottom of the printed page\. (Default = ON) Note: page numbers will not be printed if the bottom margin is set larger than page length minus 3. S (Starting page #): allows the user to set the page number for the first page of this file\. Subsequent printing of this file (during the same editing session) will use this number as the page number of the first page of the file\. This is useful when the user is working on a long document which has been broken into several shorter files (a recommended practice). Note that this page number is not saved. (Default = 1) A (pAuse between pages): toggles a flag which forces the printer to pause between pages to allow the user to feed paper manually\. (Default = OFF) C (page number Column): specifies the column on which the page number will be printed. (Default = 32) O (page Offset): this offset will be ad\ded to the Left Margin when the text is printed. It should be used to center the text on the print page\. (Default = 3) NOTE: If your printer has externally switchable standard/ compressed modes, make sure it is powered up on "standard" for the DEFAULT page number position and page offset values to work. F (change Font): allows the user to switch to a different printer font. A font name must be entered (Courier, Palatino, etc.). This new font will be used for subsequent printing. P (Print text): prints the file being edited on a dot- matrix printer (use VLASER.EXE for laser printing). Allows you to print the entire file or a specific number of pages. (F8 also executes this command.) Note: VIE^'T version 1.5 users will notice that the command CTRL- W: P (save Paramenters) has been eliminated. The VIE^'T environment is now saved automatically when you exit VIE^'T, and reloaded when you re-enter the program. The environment is saved in the file VIET1P6.PAR. This file must not be edited, or unpredictable results may appear. Saved environment variables include: file name, input mode, margins, justification, page length, page-number column, printer font, page numbering, pausing, page offset, mode 2 key assignments, delay, color and starting page number. (However, the starting-page-number is file dependent. VIET will reset this number to the default value if it detects that the current text file is not the same as the file which was present when this parameter was set.) IV. MISCELLANEOUS: 1. On-screen Help: Pressing F1 will display a summary of VIE^'T's commands. The files HELP1.SCR and HELP2.SCR must be present for this command to work. They correspond to the help screen for mode 1 and mode 2, respectively\. 2. Color: Pressing F3 and shift-F3 will rotate you down and up, respectively, through 16 available colors. (Default = 15) 3. Message Display Time: F4 increases (and shift-F4 decreases) the time VIE^'T will keep messages up on the message line\. These should be changed to accommodate your computer's speed (or your taste). A display time of 3 (default) is appropriate for an 8 MHz Turbo XT. 4. Inserting Carriage Return: CNTR-N will insert a Carriage Return at the current cursor location. This is slightly different from typing the ENTER key\. CNTR-N will leave the cursor at the current location, whereas hitting the ENTER key will bring the cursor down to the next line\. 5. Paragraph Reform: CTRL-B will reformat a paragraph (starting at the cursor position) to fit nicely within the current margins. Paragraphs are defined as being separated by one or more blank lines. Right justification will apply if the justify flag is ON (see CTRL-W: J). The justification process uses priorities in inserting spaces (more spaces after punctuation marks, etc.), but where priorities are the same, it will not insert spaces in the same locations every time\. So if you are not pleased with the way VIE^'T has inserted spaces, try the command again. The result may be different. If you would like to preserve the current spacing of certain items (such as a subparagraph heading), place the cursor to the right of those items before executing CTRL-B. 6. Change Input Mode: F5 will switch between input Mode 1 and 2. The input mode, as well as other paramenters making up the current working environment, is stored automatically when you exit VIE^'T (in the file VIET1P6.PAR) and restored the next time you restart the program. 7. Margin Release: F7 releases the left margin. Whenever your cursor is to the left of the left margin, you may hit F7 to start typing there\. The margin release is reset whenever the cursor leaves the current line or crosses to the right of the left margin. V. ADVANCED FEATURES AND INFORMATION: 1. Fixing Up Unaccented Text: You can use VIE^'T to read in files previously created through other text editors, as long as the file is a text file, with no special control characters embed\ded (for example, files which have been created in the WordStar non-\document mode, or having passed through electronic mail filters). Furthermore, each line of the file must contain 77 characters or less. To ad\d accent marks, place the cursor to the right of each vowel (as if you had just typed in the vowel), then ad\d the accent marks as usual. 2. Using Different Fonts: You have been provided with three different screen fonts (SCRFONT.1, SCRFONT.2, SCRFONT.3). The font which VIE^'T uses is always SCRFONT. To select another font, use the DOS "COPY" command to copy the desired font over to SCRFONT. For example, to select SCRFONT.2, type (from DOS): COPY SCRFONT.2 SCRFONT This new font will now be used by VIE^'T for screen display\. Two printer fonts are supplied with VIE^'T: COURIER and PALATINO\. COURIER is a typewriter font. PALATINO is heavier and resembles a book font. The default printer font is COURIER. Change of printer font is accomplished inside VIE^'T using CTRL-P: F (see section III\.3). This change is effective for all subsequent printing until you make another change\. 4. Maximum Length of File: The length of the file which you can edit using VIE^'T depends on the amount of free memory available to VIE^'T. Use the DOS utility CHKDSK to find out how much free memory your system has before running VIE^'T. This number usually does not change unless you frequently load in different memory-resident programs (such as Sidekick, Superkey, etc.). The following table gives an estimate of the maximum number of pages you can edit versus the amount of free memory\. (Each page is assumed to be 55 text lines. If you use shorter pages, you can have correspondingly more pages.) FREE SYSTEM MEMORY (Bytes) ESTIMATED # OF PAGES PER FILE 580,000 90 538,000 82 410,000 56 203,000 14 This is adequate for almost all uses. If you are working on a long book, each chapter should be stored in a separate file for easier editing. Then there is no limit to how long the book may be\. VIE^'T has provided commands for transfering text between files and for flexible page numbering for this purpose\. VI\. DISCLAIMER: Care has been taken to make VIE^'T free of errors. However, as with all software, some errors may go undetected. The author shall not be held liable for any loss or damage caused by the use of this program. VII\. COPYRIGHT: VIE^'T is copyright registered. However, permission is granted for non-commercial copying and distribution of VIE^'T, version 1.6, as long as the entire package (executable files, manuals, etc.) is distributed unmodified. This permission does not apply to the packaging of this program with any other product (contact the author for such action). The author retains all rights of authorship.