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- You may change the orientation of an object or texture pattern by adding
- a 'rotate' parameter. It consists of the keyword 'rotate' followed by a
- vector. The three terms of the vector specify the number of degrees to ro-
- tate about each of the x, y, and z axes.
-
- NOTE: The order of the rotations does matter. Rotations occur about the
- x axis first, then the y axis, then the z axis. If you are not sure if this
- is what you want then you should use multiple rotation statements to get a
- correct rotation. You should only rotate on one axis at a time. As in:
- rotate <0, 30, 0> // 30 degrees around Y axis
- rotate <-20, 0, 0> // -20 degrees around X axis
- rotate <0, 0, 10> // 10 degrees around Z axis
-
- Rotation is always performed relative to the axis. Thus if an object is
- some distance from the axis of rotation, its will not only rotate but it
- will 'orbit' about the axis as though it was swinging around on an invisible
- string.
-
- To work out the rotation directions, you must perform the famous 'Compu-
- ter Graphics Aerobics' exercise. Hold up your left hand. Point your thumb
- in the positive direction of the axis of rotation. Your fingers will curl
- in the positive direction of rotation. Similarly if you point your thumb in
- the negative direction of the axis your fingers will curl in the negative
- direction of rotation. This is the famous 'left-hand coordinate system'.
-
- +Y
- | +Z _
- | /_| |_ _
- | _| | | |/ \
- | | | | | | |
- | /| | | | | V
- |/ | | | | |
- -X ----------+--|-|-|-|-|------ +X
- /| | \____
- / | | ___|
- / | \ /
- / | | /
- -Z |
- -Y
-
- In this illustration, the left hand is curling around the X axis. The
- thumb points in the positive X direction and the fingers curl over in the
- positive rotation direction.
-
- If you want to use a right hand system, as some CAD systems such as Auto-
- CAD do, the 'right' vector in the camera specification needs to be changed.
- See the detailed description of the camera. In a right handed system you
- use your right hand for the 'Aerobics'.
-