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DLUGOSZ.LST
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1989-10-30
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_A HOME BREW C++ PARSER_
by John M. Dlugosz
[LISTING ONE]
/* TOKENS. */
<error>
<identifier> => KW_SEARCH
<operator> => OP_SEARCH
<punctuator> => OP_SEARCH
<number>
<string>
<eof>
<type>
/* KEYWORDS. */
auto break case cdecl char class const continue default delete do
double else enum extern far float for friend goto huge if inline int
interrupt long near new operator overload pascal private protected
public register return short signed sizeof static struct switch this
typedef union unsigned virtual void volatile while
/* OPERATORS. */
|| &&
< <= == > >=
+ - * / %
? ++ -- '->'
! ~ ^ '|' & >> <<
= <<= != %= &= *= += -= /= |= >>= ^=
/* PUNCTUATORS. */
'...' . , : ; [ ] { } ( ) ::
/* NONTERMINALS. */
Input -> File_and_tell <eof>
File_and_tell -> File => AllDoneNow 1 /* normal completion */
File -> Item | File Item
Item -> Declaration
/* or Definition. not in yet. */
/**************************************************************
To recognize a declaration, the storage class and type appear
once. They are remembered. Each declaration is seperated by
commas, and share the same type. The FinishedDeclarator calls
an action for each one found.
****************/
Declaration
-> StorageClass Type_w/const Declarators ;
Declarators
-> FinishedDeclarator
-> FinishedDeclarator , Declarators
FinishedDeclarator -> Declarator Initializer? => Declaration 1
/*********************************/
Initializer?
->
-> = Expression
-> = { Expression-List }
/* -> ( Expression-List ) */
Expression-List
-> Expression
-> Expression Expression-List
StorageClass
-> => StoreStorage 0
-> static => StoreStorage 1
-> extern => StoreStorage 2
-> typedef => StoreStorage 3
-> auto => StoreStorage 4
-> register => StoreStorage 5
Type_w/const /* const may appear before or after the type name */
-> Const/Volatile? Type Const/Volatile? => StoreBaseConstVol
Type
-> char => StoreType 1
-> signed char => StoreType 2
-> unsigned char => StoreType 3
-> int => StoreType 4
-> short => StoreType 4
-> short int => StoreType 4
-> signed int => StoreType 4
-> signed short => StoreType 4
-> signed short int => StoreType 4
-> unsigned => StoreType 5
-> unsigned int => StoreType 5
-> unsigned short => StoreType 5
-> unsigned short int => StoreType 5
-> long => StoreType 6
-> signed long => StoreType 6
-> unsigned long => StoreType 7
-> float => StoreType 8
-> double => StoreType 9
-> long double => StoreType 10
-> void => StoreType 11
-> enum Tag => StoreType 12
-> Class Tag => StoreType 13
-> union Tag => StoreType 14
Tag
-> <identifier> => StoreTag 1
-> <type> => StoreTag 2
Class
-> struct
-> class
OverloadableOp -> * | / | = | + /* and all the others */
Elipses? -> | '...'
/* Declarations */
Declarator
-> Decl2
-> ReachAttribute * Const/Volatile? Declarator => TypeModifier 3
-> ReachAttribute & Const/Volatile? Declarator => TypeModifier 4
Decl2
-> Decl2 ( Arg-Declaration-List ) => TypeModifier 1
-> Decl2 [ ConstExp? ] => TypeModifier 2
-> Decl3
Decl3
-> Dname => Dname 1
-> ( Declarator )
Const/Volatile? /* const or volotile, neither, or both */
-> => ConstVol 0
-> const => ConstVol 1
-> volatile => ConstVol 2
-> const volatile => ConstVol 3
-> volatile const => ConstVol 3
ReachAttribute
-> => ReachType 0
-> near => ReachType 4
-> far => ReachType 8
Dname
-> SimpleDname
-> <type> :: SimpleDname
SimpleDname
-> <identifier>
-> <type>
-> ~ <type>
-> Operator-FunctionName
Operator-FunctionName
-> operator OverloadableOp /* overload operator */
-> operator <type> /* conversion operator */
/* this should really allow any abstract type definition, not just
a simple type name. I'll change it later */
-> operator <identifier> /* ERROR production */
/* Argument list for function declarations */
Arg-Declaration-List
-> Start-Nested-Type A-Decl-List? Elipses? End-Nested-Type
Start-Nested-Type -> => NestedType 1
End-Nested-Type -> => NestedType 0
A-Decl-List?
->
-> A-Decl-List
A-Decl-List
-> A-Decl-List , Argument-Declaration
-> Argument-Declaration
Argument-Declaration
-> StorageClass Type_w/const Declarator => Declaration 2
/* Expressions */
ConstExp?
->
-> ConstExp
ConstExp -> Expression /* semantics will check */
Expression
/* stub out for now */
-> <identifier>
-> <number>
-> <string>
[LISTING TWO]
// the node class is central to date representation.
// Everything it knows is in a node.
enum node_flavor { //state the derived type from a node
nf_base, nf_type, nf_def
};
class node {
protected:
node();
virtual ~node();
public:
node_flavor flavor;
virtual void print();
};
enum primary_t { type_void, type_char, type_int, type_long, type_float,
type_double, type_ldouble, type_enum, type_class, type_union,
type_pointer, type_reference, type_array, type_function };
class def_node_list; //forward ref
class type_node : public node {
public:
type_node* to_what;
type_node ();
~type_node();
void print();
unsigned flags;
primary_t primary;
node* secondary() { return to_what; }
atom tag;
def_node_list* aggr;
void stuff_primary (int x, atom tagname);
bool isConst() { return flags&1; }
bool isVol() { return flags&2; }
bool isNear() { return flags&4; }
bool isFar() { return flags&8; }
bool isUnsigned() { return flags&16; }
};
class def_node : public node {
public:
atom name;
int storage_class;
type_node* type;
void print();
def_node (atom n, int store, type_node* t);
};
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
/* lists of nodes */
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
class node_list {
node** list;
int capacity;
int count;
public:
node_list();
~node_list() { delete list; }
node** access (int x);
int size() { return count; }
void add(node* n) { *access(count++) = n; }
};
#define create_list(TYPE) class TYPE##_node_list : public node_list { \
public:\
TYPE##_node*& operator[] (int x) { return *(TYPE##_node **)access(x); } }
create_list (type);
create_list (def);
[LISTING THREE]
/*****************************************************
File: ACTIONS.CPP Copyright 1989 by John M. Dlugosz
the Actions called from the parser
*****************************************************/
#include "usual.hpp"
#include <stream.hpp>
#include "atom.hpp"
#include "node.hpp"
#include "define.hpp"
// #define SHORT return 0
/* short out actions for testing parser only.
if something suddenly goes wrong, I can stub
out all the actions to make sure I'm not walking
on data somewhere. */
#define SHORT
// the normal case.
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
static char last_token[81];
void get_last_token()
{
/* copy last token from scanner into a nul-terminated string */
int len= 80; //maximum sig. length
extern char *T_beg, *T_end; //from the scanner
char* source= T_beg;
char* dest= last_token;
//cout << (unsigned)T_beg << " " << T_end;
//for (int x= 0; x < 5; x++) cout.put(T_beg[x]);
while (len-- && source < T_end) *dest++ = *source++;
*dest= '\0';
}
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
/* in a declaration, a storage class is the first thing I get. This starts
it off. Then a ConstVol, a StoreType, and a second ConstVol. The const
or volatile keyword may appear before or after the type, with equal
effect. The two bits are ORed together for the final result.
After this, I get one or more calls to Declaration.
*/
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
// the type I'm building
struct working_type {
type_node* this_type; //the tail
type_node* root_type; //the head
int base_type;
atom tag_name; // if base_type has a name
atom name; //The name of the thing being declared
int storage_class;
int const_vol;
working_type* next;
} MainType;
working_type* Tx= &MainType;
/* this is accessed through a pointer because a declarator can be encounted
while parsing another declarator. This lets me stack them. */
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
static int const_vol_stack[50];
static int const_vol_stacktop= 0;
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
int Declaration (int x,...)
{
/* values for x: 1- global or local def.
2- parameters
3- struct/union list
*/
SHORT;
/* This finishes it off. A complete declaration has been found. */
Tx->this_type->stuff_primary (Tx->base_type, Tx->tag_name);
Tx->this_type->flags |= Tx->const_vol;
// build the 'thing' from the type_node and the name.
store_thing (Tx->root_type, Tx->name, Tx->storage_class, x);
// Tx->root_type->print();
// cout.put('\n');
return 0;
}
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
int StoreBaseConstVol (int x,...)
{
SHORT;
// the first two calls to ConstVol apply here.
Tx->const_vol = const_vol_stack[--const_vol_stacktop];
Tx->const_vol |= const_vol_stack[--const_vol_stacktop];
return 0;
}
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
int StoreType (int x,...)
{
SHORT;
Tx->base_type= x;
return 0;
}
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
int StoreTag (int x,...)
{
SHORT;
/* called when a struct, union, or enum is parsed. The tag is the last
token read. After this call, the StoreType call is made with 'union'
or whatever. */
get_last_token();
Tx->tag_name= atoms[last_token];
return 0;
}
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
int StoreStorage (int x,...)
{
SHORT;
/* this is the first thing called */
Tx->storage_class= x;
return 0;
}
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
int Dname (int x,...)
{
SHORT;
/* if x==1, the last token is the name of a thing being declared. If
x==0, there is no name and this is an abstact declarator. Either
way, build a type node and store the name. This overwrites the type
node, as it will be the first thing called. */
if (x) {
get_last_token();
Tx->name= atoms[last_token];
}
Tx->this_type= new type_node;
Tx->root_type= Tx->this_type;
return 0;
}
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
int TypeModifier (int x,...)
{
SHORT;
/* 1 t() 2 t[] 3 *t 4 &t */
switch (x) {
case 1:
Tx->this_type->primary= type_function;
// attach parameter list
Tx->this_type->aggr= completed_def_list;
break;
case 2:
Tx->this_type->primary= type_array;
// >> attach size
break;
case 3:
Tx->this_type->primary= type_pointer;
Tx->this_type->flags |= const_vol_stack[--const_vol_stacktop];
break;
case 4:
Tx->this_type->primary= type_reference;
Tx->this_type->flags |= const_vol_stack[--const_vol_stacktop];
break;
}
Tx->this_type->to_what= new type_node;
Tx->this_type= Tx->this_type->to_what;
return 0;
}
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
int ConstVol (int x,...)
{
SHORT;
/* 1-const 2-volatile 3-both */
const_vol_stack[const_vol_stacktop++]= x;
return 0;
}
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
int ReachType (int x,...)
{
SHORT;
/* 0-default 1-near 2-far */
return 0;
}
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
int NestedType (int x, ...)
{
SHORT;
working_type* p;
if (x) { //start nesting
p= new working_type;
p->next= Tx;
Tx= p;
}
else { //restore old type
p= Tx;
Tx= Tx->next;
delete p;
}
parameter_list (x); //pass on to DEFINE module
return 0;
}
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
int AllDoneNow (int x, ...)
{
SHORT;
cout << "parser complete. \n";
for (int loop= 0; loop < global_stuff.size(); loop++) {
global_stuff[loop]->print();
cout.put ('\n');
}
return 0;
}
[LISTING FOUR]
/*****************************************************
File: ATOM.CPP Copyright 1989 by John M. Dlugosz
store strings
*****************************************************/
#include "usual.hpp"
#include "atom.hpp"
extern "C" void* malloc (unsigned size);
extern "C" void free (void*);
extern "C" void* realloc (void*, unsigned);
atom_storage atoms(16);
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
atom_storage::atom_storage (int size)
{
count= 0;
capacity= size;
list= (char**) malloc (size * sizeof(char*));
}
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
atom_storage::~atom_storage()
{
free (list);
}
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
extern "C" int strcmp(char*,char*);
extern "C" char* strdup(char*);
atom atom_storage::operator[] (char* s)
{
for (int loop= 0; loop < count; loop++) {
if (!strcmp(s, list[loop])) return loop; //found it
}
if (count == capacity) { // make it bigger
capacity += capacity/2;
list= (char**)realloc(list,capacity*sizeof(char*));
}
list[count]= strdup(s);
return count++;
}
[LISTING FIVE]
typedef int atom;
class atom_storage {
char** list;
int count;
int capacity;
public:
atom_storage(int size);
~atom_storage();
char* operator[] (atom x) { return list[x]; }
atom operator[] (char*);
};
extern atom_storage atoms;
[LISTING SIX]
/*****************************************************
File: DEFINE.CPP Copyright 1989 by John M. Dlugosz
deal with definitions once they are parsed
*****************************************************/
#include "usual.hpp"
#include <stream.hpp>
#include "atom.hpp"
#include "node.hpp"
#include "define.hpp"
bool local_level= FALSE;
def_node_list global_stuff;
struct p_list_struct {
def_node_list* l;
p_list_struct* next;
};
static p_list_struct *p_list;
def_node_list* completed_def_list;
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
void store_thing (type_node* t, atom name, int storage_class, int param)
{
/* 'param' is passed through from the grammar. If 1, this is a declaration
for a local or global object. If 2, this is part of a parameter list */
def_node* n= new def_node (name, storage_class, t);
// file it away somewhere
switch (param) {
case 1:
if (name == -1) {
// >> I need to get a standard error reporter
cout << "abstract declarator ignored\n";
}
global_stuff.add (n);
break;
case 2:
// >> check it over
p_list->l->add(n);
break;
}
}
/* /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ */
void parameter_list (int x)
{
p_list_struct* p;
if (x) {
p= new p_list_struct;
p->next= p_list;
p->l= new def_node_list;
p_list= p;
}
else {
p= p_list;
p_list= p_list->next;
completed_def_list= p->l;
delete p;
}
}