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Take Command/32
for Windows NT
and Windows 95
Version 1.01
Introduction and Installation Guide
Developed By
Rex Conn and Tom Rawson
Documentation By
Hardin Brothers, Tom Rawson, and Rex Conn
Published By
JP Software Inc.
P.O. Box 1470
East Arlington, MA 02174
U.S.A.
(617) 646-3975
fax (617) 646-0904
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We couldn't produce a product like Take Command without the
dedication and quality work of many people. Our thanks to:
JP Software Staff: Christine Alves, Mike Bessy, Michael
Hart, Ellen Stone, Misty White.
Beta Test Support: David Moskowitz and the sysops of
CompuServe's CONSULT forum.
Online Support: Brian Miller and Tess Heder of Channel 1
BBS; Don Watkins of CompuServe's IBMNET.
Beta Testers: We can't list all of our beta testers
here. A special thanks to all of you who helped make
Take Command elegant, reliable, and friendly!
The following tools are used in creating and maintaining Take
Command:
Compilers: Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Macro
Assembler
Editors: Edix (Emerging Technology), Brief
(Solution Systems)
Version Control: PVCS (Intersolv)
Documentation: Microsoft Word for Windows with Adobe
Type Manager
Copyright 1995, JP Software Inc., All Rights Reserved. "Take
Command," "4OS2," and "JP Software" are trademarks and "4DOS"
is a registered trademark of JP Software Inc. Other product
and company names are trademarks of their respective owners.
8-95
Contents
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Contents
Introduction...............................................1
How to Use This Manual.................................3
Customer Service and Technical Support.................4
Chapter 1 / Installation...................................5
Installing Take Command................................5
Changes Made During Installation.......................6
Manual Installation....................................6
Uninstalling Take Command..............................8
Chapter 2 / Configuration.................................10
Creating and Configuring Take Command Items...........10
Take Command Startup Options..........................11
Configuring Take Command..............................12
TCSTART, TCEXIT, and Startup Commands.................13
Chapter 3 / Using Take Command............................16
Using a Windows Command Line..........................16
Take Command and Windows..............................17
Character-Mode Applications...........................18
Take Command, 4DOS, and 4DOS for Windows NT...........19
Using 4DOS Batch Files and Aliases................20
Index.....................................................22
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Copr. 1995 JP Software Inc. Take Command/32 Intro./Inst. Guide i
INTRODUCTION
-------------------------------------------------------------------
INTRODUCTION
Welcome, and thanks for purchasing Take Command!
We developed Take Command/32 to bring the power and convenience of
our popular 4DOS and 4OS2 programs to Windows NT and Windows 95
users. Whether you are a computer novice or an experienced user,
Take Command/32 will help you get the most out of your Windows
system.
You're probably already familiar with graphical applications
running under Windows NT or Windows 95, and with the command line,
but you may not be used to seeing them combined in one product.
Most Windows applications offer limited command-line capability at
best, and most command-line utilities aren't designed for a
graphical environment like Windows.
We designed Take Command to give you the best of both worlds.
You'll probably find it most useful when you need to perform tasks
like managing your hard disk, scripting a series of steps with an
alias or batch file, or starting applications under Windows. There
are graphical utilities that perform some of these tasks, but often
you may find it more convenient or productive to perform them from
the command line. Take Command also looks and feels like the other
Windows programs you use, unlike a character-mode session.
Take Command offers a host of features that couldn't exist at all
in a character-mode command-line utility. For example you can pop
up simple dialogs from a batch file, pass keystrokes to Windows
applications, use a Windows-based dialog to find files or text on
any of your disks, or configure Take Command with dialogs instead
of editing an .INI file.
If you are familiar with the traditional command prompt, or with
4DOS, 4OS2, or 4DOS for Windows NT, you won't have to change your
computing habits or unlearn anything to use Take Command. If you
know how to use commands to display a directory, copy a file, or
start an application program, you already know how to use Take
Command. And if you are a 4DOS or 4DOS for Windows NT user, you
already know how to use most of the advanced features that we have
built into Take Command. You can even use many of your 4DOS/NT
batch files with Take Command (see page 20 or the online help for
tips about making batch files work properly in both environments).
Once you have Take Command installed, you can learn its new
features at your own pace. Relax, enjoy Take Command's power, and
browse through the manuals occasionally. Press the F1 key whenever
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Copr. 1995 JP Software Inc. Take Command/32 Intro./Inst. Guide 1
INTRODUCTION
-------------------------------------------------------------------
you need help. Take Command will soon become an essential part of
your computer, and you'll wonder how you ever got along without it.
We are constantly working to improve Take Command. If you have
suggestions for features or commands that we should include in the
next version, or any other way we could improve our product, please
let us know. Many of the features in Take Command were suggested
by our users. We can't promise to include every suggestion, but we
really do appreciate and pay attention to your comments.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Copr. 1995 JP Software Inc. Take Command/32 Intro./Inst. Guide 2
INTRODUCTION
-------------------------------------------------------------------
How to Use This Manual
This manual is only one part of the documentation that you
will need for Take Command. It introduces the product and
will help you install it correctly on your computer. It will
also help you understand some of the terms and concepts that
you will need to know to get the most from Take Command.
JP Software also offers a version of Take Command for Windows
3.1, and may produce versions for other platforms in the
future. Except where we specifically say otherwise, in this
manual the terms "Take Command" and "Take Command/32" are used
interchangeably to refer to the 32-bit version of Take Command
for Microsoft Windows NT and Windows 95.
If you are a 4DOS/NT user, or you use the Windows NT or
Windows 95 "MS-DOS Prompt" icon to do command-line work, be
sure to read Chapter 3 before using Take Command. It will
give you a feel for some of the differences between a
character-mode command processor and a Windows-based one.
Take Command/32 includes complete online help for all of its
built-in commands. The online help provides information about
the commands and features of Take Command in an electronic
form which you can access quickly. See page 14 for more
details about using the online help.
The final part of our documentation is the separate Reference
Manual for Take Command. It contains all of the information
in the online help, in printed form. The Reference Manual is
sometimes sold separately from Take Command, so you may not
find it in your package. If that's the case, use this manual
to get started, and use the online help for reference
information.
You should start with this introductory manual to install Take
Command on your system. Once you have successfully installed
Take Command, you can move back and forth between this manual
and the online help and Reference Manual.
For the sake of clarity, we have chosen not to indicate each
of the dozens of places in this manual where you can refer to
the Reference Manual or online help for additional
information. If you see a reference here to a command, the
initialization file TCMD32.INI, or any Take Command feature,
you can be sure that detailed information on that topic is
available in the reference material.
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Copr. 1995 JP Software Inc. Take Command/32 Intro./Inst. Guide 3
INTRODUCTION
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Files distributed with Take Command/32 cover important
additional information beyond what's included in the manuals.
README.DOC contains general notes, highlights of the latest
release, and brief installation instructions for those
installing from a downloaded copy, and UPDATxx.DOC contains
detailed information for users with older versions on what has
changed in the latest release ("xx" is the version number).
You will likely find some parts of the documentation too
simple or too technical for your tastes. Unless you are
convinced that one of those sections holds just the
information you need for a specific task, feel free to skip to
the next part of the manual that is more to your liking. You
can use almost every feature of Take Command without having to
worry about other features or commands.
Customer Service and Technical Support
Technical support is available via public electronic support
conferences, private electronic mail, telephone, fax, and
mail. For complete details, including a listing of electronic
support conferences, see the Support topic in the online help,
or your Reference Manual.
Customer service is always available through the telephone and
fax numbers listed on the title page of this manual. See your
Reference Manual or the online help for electronic mail
addresses for our Sales and Customer Service departments.
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Copr. 1995 JP Software Inc. Take Command/32 Intro./Inst. Guide 4
CHAPTER 1 / INSTALLATION
-------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER 1 / INSTALLATION
Installing Take Command
To install Take Command you must run the INSTALL program on
your Take Command distribution disk. INSTALL will copy the
files from the diskette to your hard disk, create a Windows
icon to run Take Command, and make any other changes necessary
for Take Command to run properly on your system.
If you're installing a downloaded copy you will not have an
INSTALL program. Instead, use the appropriate decompression
program (for example, PKUNZIP) to extract the files from your
download into a new directory. Then follow the instructions
on page 6 to complete your installation. If you are updating
from a previous version, check the README.DOC file for update
instructions.
To begin the installation process, put the Take Command/32
distribution diskette in drive A. (You can use drive B if you
prefer, in which case you should substitute "b" for "a" in the
instructions below.) Use the Program Manager's File Run
option to enter the command:
a:install
Then press the Enter key.
Once the installation program has started, just follow the
instructions on the screen to install Take Command on your
system. Use Express Installation for a quick and simple
installation with default settings, or use Custom Installation
for finer control over the installation process.
You can exit from the installation program at any time by
pressing Esc, then pressing "Y" in response to the next
prompt.
The Take Command files are contained in a special library file
on the distribution diskette. You cannot simply copy the
files from the diskette onto your system. You must use
INSTALL to extract and decompress the Take Command files even
if you want to perform a manual installation (see below), or
if you need to replace a damaged Take Command file on your
hard disk.
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Copr. 1995 JP Software Inc. Take Command/32 Intro./Inst. Guide 5
CHAPTER 1 / INSTALLATION
-------------------------------------------------------------------
If you also have our DOS command processor, 4DOS, do not
install Take Command in the same directory as 4DOS. Some file
names (for example README.DOC) are the same in both products,
and the files should be kept separate to avoid confusion.
Changes Made During Installation
Some Windows installation programs make changes to your system
which are difficult to find or modify. While the Take Command
installation program makes few such changes, we know you may
feel more comfortable knowing exactly what is done to your
system and Windows configuration when you install Take
Command.
Take Command's installation program takes the following steps.
Step (1) is always performed once you select a drive and
directory. Express Installation selects steps (2) through (4)
automatically. Custom Installation asks you to confirm steps
(2) through (4) individually.
1)Copy all Take Command files to a hard disk directory
of your choice.
2)Brand your copy of Take Command with your name and
serial number.
3)Copy the CTL3D32.DLL file to the \WINNT\SYSTEM32
directory, unless a newer version is already present
in that directory.
4)Create a Program Manager group for Take Command, and
add items to that group for Take Command itself and
for the online documentation.
Manual Installation
There is little difference between manual and automated
installation for Take Command. The Custom Installation option
will query you before any files are copied or existing files
are deleted or modified, so there is no real advantage to
performing these steps manually. However if you prefer a
manual installation, you can extract the Take Command files
using the Custom Installation option, then follow the
instructions below.
You must use manual installation if you have a downloaded copy
of Take Command (for downloaded copies, see the README.DOC
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Copr. 1995 JP Software Inc. Take Command/32 Intro./Inst. Guide 6
CHAPTER 1 / INSTALLATION
-------------------------------------------------------------------
file for any installation or update instructions specific to
the version you downloaded).
To install Take Command/32 manually, first extract the files
to a directory on your hard disk. We recommend that you use a
new directory for Take Command/32. It can be on any hard disk
drive, and you can use any valid directory name. After the
files are extracted, use the Esc key to exit from the
installation program.
Next, install CTL3D32.DLL. CTL3D32 is a Microsoft library
which gives a 3-dimensional appearance to some elements of the
Windows display for programs (like Take Command) that use it.
Use File Manager or a Windows DOS session to install
CTL3D32.DLL as follows:
* Check the date and time on the copy of CTL3D32.DLL
that came with Take Command. Then check your
\WINNT\SYSTEM32 directory for the same file.
* If the version that came with Take Command is newer
than the version in \WINNT\SYSTEM32, or if the file
does not exist at all in \WINNT\SYSTEM32, then copy
the newer version from the Take Command directory to
the \WINNT\SYSTEM32 directory. If the version in the
\WINNT\SYSTEM32 directory is newer, leave it as-is.
* Delete the CTL3D32.DLL file from the Take Command
directory. This ensures that you do not have multiple
copies of CTL3D32 on your system. CTL3D32 only works
properly if there is a single copy in the
\WINNT\SYSTEM32 directory; if you have more than one
copy you will receive an error when Take Command
starts.
Finally, under Windows NT use the following steps to create a
Take Command/32 item in the Program Manager's Main group (you
can use a different group or create a new group if you
prefer):
* Select the "Main" group.
* Select the Program Manager "File" menu.
* Select "New."
* Select "Program item."
* Enter "Take Command," or any other title you desire,
in the Description field.
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Copr. 1995 JP Software Inc. Take Command/32 Intro./Inst. Guide 7
CHAPTER 1 / INSTALLATION
-------------------------------------------------------------------
* Enter the full path and name for TCMD32.EXE in the
Command Line field (for example,
C:\TCMD32\TCMD32.EXE).
* Enter the directory in which you want the Take Command
window to start (if any) in the Working Directory
field.
* Click on "OK" to accept the entry.
Under Windows 95, use these steps to create a new shortcut for
Take Command/32 on the desktop:
* Click with mouse button 2 in any open area of the
desktop
* On the popup menu click New, then Shortcut.
* Fill in the drive and path for TCMD32.EXE, and any
other items you wish to set (no specific settings are
required).
Once the item or shortcut is created Take Command/32 will
start when you double-click the corresponding icon on the
desktop. You can place any necessary commands or other
directives (e.g. @ininame to name a specific INI file) on the
startup command line (see page 11 for details).
Take Command reads its configuration information from a file
named TCMD32.INI, normally stored in the Take Command
directory. You can modify the first section of this file,
which begins with [TakeCommand], to configure Take Command to
meet your preferences; see page 12 for details.
Uninstalling Take Command
We don't expect you to have trouble using Take Command, but we
know some people feel more comfortable knowing how to
uninstall a product as well as install it. Or, you may need
to remove Take Command from one system to move it to another
system.
To remove Take Command, just insert the distribution diskette,
start the INSTALL program as described on page 5, and select
the Uninstall Take Command option. Uninstall will offer you
several options which "undo" the corresponding steps in the
installation procedure. Complete Uninstall will take all of
the other steps automatically, and remove Take Command
entirely from your system.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Copr. 1995 JP Software Inc. Take Command/32 Intro./Inst. Guide 8
CHAPTER 1 / INSTALLATION
-------------------------------------------------------------------
The Uninstall option will attempt to reverse the changes made
during installation. However if you have removed files,
changed group, item, or folder names, or otherwise modified
your system configuration, then the program may not be able to
complete all of the steps automatically or successfully. In
this case you will need to perform some of them manually.
To uninstall Take Command manually, first delete CTL3D32.DLL
from the \WINNT\SYSTEM32 or \WINDOWS\SYSTEM32 directory if you
are certain it is not in use by other applications (because
CTL3D32 is used fairly widely, in most cases you should not
delete it). If you were using Take Command as your Windows
shell there will be a copy of TC32DLL.DLL in the same
directory; you can delete it as well.
Use Program Manager (in Windows NT) or the Explorer (in
Windows 95) to remove any Take Command groups and / or items.
Finally, check the Take Command directory for any files you
placed there that you want to save. Use File Manager,
Explorer, or a DOS session to delete the remaining files from
the Take Command directory, and remove the directory.
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Copr. 1995 JP Software Inc. Take Command/32 Intro./Inst. Guide 9
CHAPTER 2 / CONFIGURATION
-------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER 2 / CONFIGURATION
This chapter explains how you can tune Take Command to make it as
efficient and as useful as possible in your computing environment.
If Take Command works the way you want it to after installation,
you can skip this chapter. You may, however, want to skim this
material to see what options are available.
This chapter explains how to set up Take Command items in your
Windows groups, using the Take Command startup command line and
startup batch files, and the basics of configuring Take Command.
For more details on all of these topics, including complete
reference information on the configuration options and TCMD32.INI,
see your Reference Manual or online help.
Creating and Configuring Take Command Items
You will typically start Take Command/32 from an item in one
of the Program Manager groups on your Windows NT desktop, or a
shortcut or folder on your Windows 95 desktop. Usually a
single item is sufficient, but if you prefer you can create
multiple items to start Take Command with different startup
commands or options, or to run different batch files or other
commands. You can use these items to run commonly-used
commands and batch files directly from the desktop.
Each item or icon represents a different Take Command window.
Use the Properties screen for the item to set any necessary
command line parameters such as a command to be executed, any
desired switches, or the name and path for TCMD32.INI. More
information on command line switches and options for Take
Command is included later in this section.
For general information on creating and configuring desktop
items, see your Windows NT or or Windows 95 documentation.
When you configure a Take Command item, place the full path
and name for TCMD32.EXE in the Command Line field, and put any
startup options that you want passed to Take Command (e.g.,
the name of a startup batch file) after the TCMD32.EXE file
name. For example:
Command Line: C:\TCMD32\TCMD32.EXE C:\GO.BAT
Working directory: C:\
You do not need to use the Change Icon button, because
TCMD32.EXE already contains an icon.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Copr. 1995 JP Software Inc. Take Command/32 Intro./Inst. Guide 10
CHAPTER 2 / CONFIGURATION
-------------------------------------------------------------------
When Take Command starts it automatically runs the optional
TCSTART batch file (see page 13). You can use this file to
load aliases and environment variables and otherwise
initialize Take Command.
You can also place the name of a batch file, internal or
external command, or alias at the end of the Command Line
field for any item (as shown in the example above). The batch
file, command, or alias will be executed after TCSTART, but
before the first prompt is displayed.
Take Command Startup Options
Each Windows NT or Windows 95 program has a command line which
can be used to pass information to the program when it starts.
The command line is entered in the Command Line field for each
item in a Program Manager group, and consists of the name of
the program to execute, followed by any startup options.
The Take Command startup command line does not need to contain
any information. When invoked with an empty command line,
Take Command will configure itself from the TCMD32.INI file
(see page 12), run TCSTART (see page 13), and then display a
prompt and wait for you to type a command. However, you may
add information to the startup command line that will affect
the way Take Command operates.
Take Command recognizes three optional fields on the command
line. If you use more than one of these fields, their order
is important. The syntax for the command line is:
[@d:\path\inifile] [//iniline]... [[/C] command]
In the descriptions below, d: means a drive letter and \path
means a subdirectory name.
@d:\path\inifile: This option sets the path and name of
the TCMD32.INI file. You do not need this option if you
aren't using a TCMD32.INI file, or if the file is named
TCMD32.INI and is stored either in the same directory as
TCMD32.EXE, or in the Windows NT or Windows 95 directory.
This option is most useful if you want to start a Take
Command window with a specific and unique .INI file.
//iniline: This option tells Take Command to treat the
text appearing between the // and the next space or tab
as a TCMD32.INI directive. The directive should be in
the same format as a line in the [TakeCommand] section of
TCMD32.INI, but it may not contain spaces, tabs, or
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Copr. 1995 JP Software Inc. Take Command/32 Intro./Inst. Guide 11
CHAPTER 2 / CONFIGURATION
-------------------------------------------------------------------
comments. This option overrides any corresponding
directive in your TCMD32.INI file. It is a convenient
way to send Take Command one or two simple directives
without modifying or creating a new TCMD32.INI file.
[/C] command: This option tells Take Command to run a
command when it starts. The command will be run after
TCSTART has been executed and before any command prompt
is displayed. It can be any valid internal or external
command, batch file, or alias; you may include multiple
commands by using the command separator. All other
startup options must be placed before the command,
because Take Command will treat characters after the
command as part of the command and not as additional
startup options.
When the command is preceded by a /C, Take Command will
execute the command and then exit and return to the
parent program or the Windows desktop without displaying
a prompt.
See page 13 for details on using the command option to
run a startup batch file.
Configuring Take Command
Take Command's configuration is controlled through a file of
initialization information called TCMD32.INI. This file is
created during installation, and is stored in the same
directory as TCMD32.EXE. (You can move TCMD32.INI to the
Windows NT or Windows 95 directory if you wish; Take Command
will find it in either location.)
Take Command reads TCMD32.INI each time it starts, and
configures itself accordingly.
Many of the TCMD32.INI options can be set directly from within
Take Command using the configuration dialogs, which are
accessible from the Configure Take Command selection on the
Options menu. There are several pages of options, selectable
from the list box on the left side of the dialog.
When you use the configuration dialogs, be sure to click the
Save button to save your changes in TCMD32.INI. The OK button
will save the configuration changes for the current session,
but will not record them in TCMD32.INI for use in future
sessions. The help text available from the Help button
explains which specific TCMD32.INI directive is set by each
item in the dialog.
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Copr. 1995 JP Software Inc. Take Command/32 Intro./Inst. Guide 12
CHAPTER 2 / CONFIGURATION
-------------------------------------------------------------------
TCMD32.INI is divided into sections like other Windows .INI
files. Each section begins with a section name in square
brackets, for example:
[Fonts]
The options you can set in TCMD32.INI are all in the
[TakeCommand] section, which is normally the first one in the
file. This is the section modified by the configuration
dialogs. Take Command maintains all other sections of
TCMD32.INI itself; you should not modify them unless you are
instructed to do so by our support personnel.
See the Reference Manual or the TCMD32.INI topic in the online
help for complete details on the format and meaning of the
directives used in the [TakeCommand] section of TCMD32.INI.
Advanced Directives and Key Mapping Directives must be entered
manually (see below). Most other directives are accessible
from corresponding items in the configuration dialogs.
If you prefer manual editing, or you want to enter a directive
which cannot be set from the configuration dialogs, you can
edit TCMD32.INI with Windows Notepad or any similar ASCII text
editor. Be sure to edit only the [TakeCommand] section.
Take Command will not automatically re-read TCMD32.INI when
you edit it manually. For manual changes to take effect, you
must exit Take Command and restart it.
TCSTART, TCEXIT, and Startup Commands
Take Command executes two batch files automatically: TCSTART
is run whenever Take Command starts, and TCEXIT is run
whenever Take Command exits. TCSTART and TCEXIT can be .BAT,
.CMD, or .BTM files. TCSTART gives you a convenient way to
load aliases and environment variables, and otherwise
initialize Take Command.
If Take Command is started with the [/C] command option (see
page 11), TCSTART is executed before the command.
See the online help or your Reference Manual for more
information on TCSTART and TCEXIT.
To run a specific startup batch file or other command when a
particular Take Command item is started, include the batch
file or command name (with a path, if the file is not in the
startup directory) as the last item in the Command Line field.
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Copr. 1995 JP Software Inc. Take Command/32 Intro./Inst. Guide 13
CHAPTER 2 / CONFIGURATION
-------------------------------------------------------------------
The batch file or command will be executed after any TCSTART
file but before the first prompt is displayed.
You can use this capability to run a specific batch file or
command for a particular item (as opposed to TCSTART, which is
run every time Take Command starts). When you set up a batch
file or command to run in this way you are using the command
startup option (see page 11).
For example, to run C:\STARTUP.BAT when the item starts:
Command Line: C:\TCMD\TCMD32.EXE STARTUP.BAT
Working directory: C:\
To execute an internal or external command, an alias, or a
batch file and then exit (return to the desktop) when it is
done, place /C command (rather than just command) as the last
item in the Parameters field. For example:
Command Line: D:\TCMD\TCMD32.EXE /C TEST.BTM
Working directory: C:\
Take Command Help
Complete online help for all Take Command commands and
features is provided with your copy of Take Command. Help is
invoked with the HELP command, the F1 key, or the Help menu on
the menu bar.
When you start the help system, Take Command opens a new
window to run the standard Windows NT or Windows 95 help
program. The help program displays the help text and lets you
browse through it.
You can keep the help window on the screen and return to the
Take Command window, switching between the two as needed.
This may be useful when you are writing a batch file, working
on a complex command, or experimenting with Take Command.
In order for the Take Command help system to work properly,
the help file, TCMD32.HLP, must be in the same directory as
TCMD32.EXE.
The Take Command installation program sets up a separate item
for Take Command help so that you can load the help file
directly. To create a similar item manually, use a command
line like this:
Command Line: WINHELP C:\TCMD32\TCMD32.HLP
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Copr. 1995 JP Software Inc. Take Command/32 Intro./Inst. Guide 14
CHAPTER 2 / CONFIGURATION
-------------------------------------------------------------------
(Change the drive and path to reflect the location of Take
Command on your system.)
Take Command also supports the /? switch to display help for
any command. Using /? will display help for the command using
the Windows help system. For example, to obtain help on the
COPY command you could use either of these commands:
c:\> help copy
c:\> copy /?
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Copr. 1995 JP Software Inc. Take Command/32 Intro./Inst. Guide 15
CHAPTER 3 / Using Take Command
-------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER 3 / Using Take Command
Take Command works like any other Windows NT or Windows 95
application or utility, and most of the time you won't need to make
any special adjustments for it. However, as you learn to use Take
Command you may want to understand in more detail how it interacts
with Windows, Windows applications, and DOS applications.
The information in this chapter gives you an overview of these
topics; most are covered in more detail in the Reference Manual or
online help. This chapter also discusses using 4DOS and 4DOS/NT
batch files and aliases under Take Command.
Using a Windows Command Line
Take Command is a new environment that lets you perform tasks
easily under Windows. You can use it to execute commands,
start applications, and perform other work at the command
line.
In the past you may have accomplished some of these tasks with
4DOS or 4DOS for Windows NT, JP Software's replacement
character-mode command processors for DOS and Windows NT. Or
you may have used an "MS-DOS Prompt" session to run the
default command processor (CMD.EXE under Windows NT, or
COMMAND.COM under Windows 3.x).
In either case --- and especially if you are an experienced
user of 4DOS or 4DOS for Windows NT --- you'll find plenty of
familiar features in Take Command. You'll also find a lot
that's new or different.
While Take Command includes most of the command-line, batch
file, and other capabilities provided by 4DOS for Windows NT,
and goes well beyond those provided by CMD.EXE, the Windows
environment places some limitations on how Take Command
operates.
These limitations mostly affect the use of external programs,
especially character-mode and DOS programs. This topic is
covered in detail beginning on page 18.
There are some other minor differences between using Take
Command and using a 4DOS/NT (or CMD.EXE) session under Windows
(for example, some keystrokes are interpreted differently to
conform more closely to Windows conventions). There are also
some considerations when running 4DOS or 4DOS for Windows NT
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batch files or aliases in Take Command/32. All of these
differences are covered in more detail beginning on page 19.
Take Command also offers a wide range of new Windows-related
features which are not available in 4DOS/NT or CMD.EXE
sessions, including:
* A built-in scrollback buffer that lets you look back
through the output from past commands.
* A standard Windows menu bar for access to many
commonly used Take Command features.
* A status bar showing memory load, date, time, and
keyboard state.
* A customizable tool bar that gives you quick access to
commands and applications.
* Windows dialogs (accessible from the Take Command
Configuration and Utilities menus), for editing
environment variables, aliases, file descriptions, and
startup parameters.
* Direct access to Program Manager groups and items
through the Apps menu.
* High-speed, dialog-based file and text search (see
"Find Files / Text" on the Utilities menu). The FFIND
command gives you the same capabilities at the Take
Command prompt.
* Commands like ACTIVATE, MSGBOX, QUERYBOX, and WINDOW
that allow you to use Windows features and control
Windows applications from your batch files.
Take Command and Windows
Take Command/32 supports several Windows NT and Windows 95
features which enhance the way it works with other
applications. The information below covers most of these
features very briefly; for complete details, see the Reference
Manual or the topics under the Take Command and Windows
heading in the online help.
* You can use the Windows clipboard to copy text onto
the command line, or to transfer text from Take
Command to another application.
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* Take Command will use Windows' File Associations like
Executable Extensions, to associate data files with
applications.
* Take Command can communicate with Program Manager to
determine what groups and applications to list on the
Apps menu.
* You can use the Windows Drag and Drop feature to
insert file names from other applications onto the
command line.
* Take Command can send messages to other Windows
applications using Dynamic Date Exchange (DDE). You
can also use DDE to send commands to Take Command from
other applications.
Take Command offers several methods for starting Windows
applications, some of which go beyond what you may be used to
when running programs from the character-mode command line.
The search sequence for applications is also slightly
different from some other platforms. For complete details,
see Starting Windows Applications in the online help.
Character-Mode Applications
When you start a DOS or character-mode program under Windows
NT or Windows 95 it runs in a "console session." A console
session displays a special type of window without a standard
menu bar or other Windows NT features. It typically uses 4DOS
for Windows NT or CMD.EXE to perform command line tasks or
start such programs.
Take Command/32 starts Windows "graphical" applications in
their own windows, just as if you had started the application
directly from the desktop. It also creates a console session
to run DOS and Windows NT character mode applications.
The console session connected to Take Command/32 is created
when Take Command starts (this may cause a momentary flicker
on your screen during the startup process). A separate window
is created for this session. You can view this window at any
time with the Alt-V key or the View Console selection on the
Apps menu. You can use Alt-V to return to the Take Command/32
window, but only when the application in the console window
has completed, and the input "focus" has returned to Take
Command/32.
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When you start a DOS or character-mode application from Take
Command/32 it is automatically run in this console session (to
start a separate session for the application, use the START
command). The console window is automatically brought to the
foreground when the application starts, and returned to the
background when it exits.
If you run a DOS or character-mode program which does not exit
immediately (for example, a DOS word processor or editor) you
will be able to work in the console session, and return
automatically to Take Command when you exit the application.
However if you run a DOS or character-mode application from
Take Command and the application exits quickly, without
waiting for any input (for example, a utility like PKUNZIP),
you may have to use Alt-V to return to the console window and
view the output.
Take Command, 4DOS, and 4DOS for Windows NT
If you're a 4DOS or 4DOS for Windows NT user, many of the
features in Take Command will seem very familiar. Because the
underlying command processing in Take Command/32 is based on
4DOS and 4DOS for Windows NT, you'll find the features of
4DOS/NT are readily accessible. All the commands and switches
you've used in 4DOS/NT work the same way and have the same
meaning in Take Command; the only exceptions are those that
don't make sense outside a character-mode environment.
Other 4DOS and 4DOS/NT features are included in Take Command
as well --- you'll find support for command line editing,
command and directory histories, aliases, .BTM files, and
virtually all the other features you already know.
Even if you've never used 4DOS, you'll notice plenty of
familiar items in Take Command. Like 4DOS, Take Command is
compatible with the default Windows NT command processor
(CMD.EXE) and the default Windows 95 command processor
(COMMAND.COM), either which you may have used from the "MS-DOS
Prompt" icon, or at the DOS prompt when you aren't running
Windows NT.
There are also a few differences between running under 4DOS
(or CMD.EXE) and running under Take Command. The remainder of
this section discusses minor differences in the way keystrokes
are interpreted by 4DOS/NT and Take Command. It also explains
some things to look for when using 4DOS or 4DOS/NT batch files
and aliases (and CMD.EXE batch files) under Take Command.
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In order to support the scrollback buffer, some Take
Command/32 keystrokes are different from what you may be used
to. In particular, Take Command uses Ctrl-Up Arrow and Ctrl-
Down Arrow (rather than Up Arrow and Down Arrow) to scroll
through the command history at the prompt, Ctrl-PgUp (rather
than PgUp) to open the history window, and F6 (rather than
Ctrl-PgUp) to open the directory history window. The arrow
keys and PgUp and PgDn are then used to access the scrollback
buffer.
If you prefer to reverse this arrangement and use the arrow
and PgUp keys to access the command history (as they are used
in 4DOS/NT), and the Ctrl- keys to access the scrollback
buffer, use the configuration dialogs (accessible from the
Options menu) to set the Swap Scrolling Keys option. See
SwapScrollKeys (in the TCMD32.INI Configuration Directives in
the online help) for additional details.
Some command-line editing defaults have also been changed to
conform more closely to Windows conventions. In Take Command
the default editing mode is insert, not overtype, and the
default insert-mode cursor is a line, not a block. You can
change these defaults via the configuration dialogs or with
statements in TCMD32.INI.
For complete details on all of the features listed above, see
the online help or your Reference Manual (Take Command for
4DOS/NT Users in the online help provides links to detailed
information on each of these topics).
Using Your Batch Files and Aliases
As a 4DOS or 4DOS/NT user, you may want to use your 4DOS batch
files and aliases with Take Command. Or, you may want to run
batch files developed for CMD.EXE under Take Command. In
general you can run these batch files under Take Command ---
but you need to understand how the batch files and aliases
operate first.
Take Command and 4DOS/NT aliases are separate and independent;
Take Command does not automatically "inherit" aliases from a
previously loaded copy of 4DOS/NT, and it cannot pass aliases
on to a copy of 4DOS/NT started from the Take Command prompt.
However, you can load aliases from your Take Command startup
batch file (see page 13). These can be the same aliases you
use in 4DOS/NT, or a set that is just for Take Command.
While many of your 4DOS/NT aliases will work well under Take
Command, you'll probably want to create a separate set of Take
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Command aliases. This will allow you to account for the
differences in running DOS and character-mode applications,
and to create new aliases that take advantage of Take Command
features which are unavailable in 4DOS or 4DOS/NT.
If you want to write aliases or batch files that are used in
both Take Command and 4DOS/NT, but that behave differently in
each environment, use the %_DOS variable to make the
distinction. For example, this batch file fragment uses the
INPUT command to accept a string if it is run under 4DOS/NT,
but uses the QUERYBOX dialog box if it is run under Take
Command:
iff "%_dos" == "WIN32" then
querybox "Enter your name: " %%name
else
input "Enter your name: " %%name
endiff
Aliases and batch files which simply manipulate files or use
other internal commands should work with little or no change
under Take Command. However, as a general rule, you should
test any batch file developed for 4DOS/NT or CMD.EXE before
assuming it will do exactly what you want under Take Command.
Pay particular attention to batch files which run complex
sequences of external programs.
If you use aliases or batch files to perform a sequence which
mixes internal commands and DOS or character-mode
applications, the sequence may not work the way you expect
under Take Command. For example, suppose you have an alias
that changes the screen color, starts a DOS application, and
then resets the color again. Because the DOS application will
be started in the console window (see page 18) the color
changes will not affect it --- a contingency you probably
didn't have to consider when you wrote the batch file.
You may also find that you want to take advantage of some of
the new features of Take Command to improve your batch files.
For example, the START command offers additional flexibility
in starting applications. MSGBOX and QUERYBOX can be used to
create dialog-box input prompts, and KEYSTACK and ACTIVATE
will help control your Windows applications.
Once you get used to these enhancements and minor differences
you'll find that you can use Take Command to manage your
system using the same techniques and features you already know
from your experience with 4DOS, 4DOS/NT, or CMD.EXE.
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Index
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Index Customer Service, 4
4DOS for Windows NT DDE, 18
aliases, 20
and Take Command, 16, 19 DOS applications, see
keystroke differences, Applications
20
batch files, 20 Drag and Drop, 18
Aliases, 20 File associations, 18
enhancing, 21
Applications Help system, 3, 14
character-mode, 16, 18 /? option, 15
DOS, 16, 18
Windows, 18
Icon, for Take Command, 10
Batch files, 20 INI file., see TCMD32.INI
and Windows, 17
enhancing, 21 Installation, 5
changes to your system, 6
Batch files, startup, 13 manual, 6
reversing, 8
Clipboard, 17
Keystrokes, in 4DOS and Take
CMD.EXE Command, 20
and Take Command, 16, 19
batch files, 20
Menus, 17
Command history keystrokes, 20
MS-DOS Prompt, see CMD.EXE
Command-line editing, in 4DOS
and Take Command, 20
Options, see Startup Options
Commands
help on, 14
reference information, 3 Program Manager
Take Command startup, 12, and Installation, 6
13 and uninstall, 9
groups and applications,
Configuration, 8, 12 17, 18
dialogs, 12, 17 Take Command items, 7, 10
Console session, 18
Quick help, 15
CTL3D, 7
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Index
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Reference information, 3 Windows, and Take Command, 16,
17
Reference Manual, 3
Windows, Take Command, 10
Scrollback buffer, 17
keystrokes for, 20
Starting DOS applications, see
Applications
Starting Take Command, 7, 10
Startup
commands, 10, 12, 13
options, 10, 11
//iniline, 11
/C, 12
@inifile, 11
Status bar, 17
Support, 4
Take Command
and Windows, 16, 17
Windows-related features,
17
TCEXIT, 11, 13
TCMD32.INI, 8, 12
directives, on startup
command line, 11
location of, 11
TCSTART, 11, 13
and startup command, 12
Technical support, 4
Tool bar, 17
Uninstalling Take Command, 8