Internet Info 1997 December/Internet_Info_CD-ROM_Walnut_Creek_December_1997.iso/faqs/comp/answers/interleaf-faq

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From: [e-mail] (The Interleaf FAQ list Editors)
Newsgroups: comp.text.interleaf,comp.answers,news.answers
Subject: Interleaf FAQ -- Frequently Asked Questions for comp.text.interleaf
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Date: 13 Oct 1997 18:47:39 GMT
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Summary: Frequently Asked Questions (and their answers) about the Interleaf
         documentation system.  Read before posting anything to the
         comp.text.interleaf newsgroup.
Keywords: Interleaf FAQ
Originator: [e-mail]
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***  INTERLEAF FAQ  --  Frequently Asked Questions for comp.text.interleaf  ***

    This "FAQ" document is arranged into nine sections:

    0.    What's new in the FAQ
    1.    Introduction - General info
    2.    Administration
    3.    Importing/Exporting, 3rd party tools, customizing
    4.    Miscellaneous user questions
    5.    Platform specific questions
    6.    Interleaf6
    7.    Cyberleaf
    8.    Intellecte/BusinessWeb
    Appendix. Other Information: newsletters; ftp, gopher and WWW sites.

    and then broken down further, in outline form rather than "FAQ list" form.
    All section and sub-section numbers are in the form "a.b.c.d", and begin
    in column 1 for easy searching in your favorite editor.


0.     What's new in the FAQ

    22 February 1997 rev 3.1 First release of Pat Berry's major change
    -minor changes in form of revision comments. ram.

        21 February 1997 rev 3.0 (not released)
        - New maintainer (Pat Berry, [e-mail])
        - Deleted lots of out-of date information
    - Updated Interleaf's mailing address
    - Added note on creating Postscript files with IL6 for Win95/NT
    - Added user groups for Sweden and France
    - Added import/export filters for IL6 for Win95/NT
    - Added Intellecte/BusinessWeb section
    - Corrected various WWW and email addresses
    - Corrected Interleaf Inc. phone numbers
    - Deleted information about ICON conference
    - Corrected list of contributors
    - Incorporated numerous sections from the FAQ written by Julie Barker
      in 1994



    14nov95 rev 2.5
    - update some www references

    rev 2.4
    -remove reference to leafline bb--no longer in service

    rev 2.3
    -added section 7 on Cyberleaf
    -minor spelling errors corrected

    21dec94 rev 2.2
    - add pointers to Julie Barker FAQ list, update archive
    pointers.

    04dec94

    - Change revision level to 2.0 to reflect that Interleaf 6 is
    now included (as it was on recent previous revision). No
    substantive changes.

    17nov94

    - Section 0 ("What's new")
    - Section 6 ("Interleaf6"),

    - Appendix  ("Other information") added by [e-mail]; minor
      revisions by [e-mail]

    - Update references to I6 as though it were a future release, which it
      no longer is.


1.    Introduction


1.1.     What is Interleaf?

    Interleaf, Inc. provides software and services to allow organizations
    to build, integrate and manage document systems.  Interleaf software
    covers the full range of document processes: accessing information,
    developing text and graphic documents,  putting them through their
    review and revision processes,  distributing them electronically or on
    paper, and managing the entire process.

    "Interleaf 6" is a document authoring and composition package.  It
    provides an integrated set of tools for creating compound documents:
    word processing, graphics, data-driven business charts, tables,
    equations, image editing, automated page layout, book building-
    including automatic index and TOC, conditional document assembly.  It
    includes several features engineered to support the production of large
    and complex document sets, including:  centralized control over parts
    or all of a document (format and/or content), global search and
    replace/change on individual graphics objects regardless of specific
    orientation or position, revision management.

    Also available (on some platforms) is the optional Developer's Toolkit
    (DTK) for customizing or extending the capabilities of the above
    authoring tool.  Developer's Toolkit is used to write programs in
    Interleaf Lisp.  Interleaf Lisp is similar to CommonLISP, but it also
    contains an extensive set of classes, methods, and functions for
    examining and changing almost all Interleaf objects, including
    documents and their contents.  DTK includes an editor, debugger,
    compiler, listener, interpreter, and on-line documentation.  Lisp code
    developed with DTK, or even written with an ordinary editor, can be
    executed by the stock system, so that customization or the provision of
    special functionality is not limited to installations with DTK.  In
    fact, much of the distributed system is written in Lisp.

    Another option for Interleaf 6 is "Interleaf 6 <SGML>" which provides
    complete support for creating structured documents in SGML.

    Other products available from Interleaf include the following:

    "RDM" (Relational Document Manager) organizes, tracks and manages
    documents and data, and automates every stage of the document
    lifecycle.

    "Worldview" distributes information from virtually any source in
    document form for online viewing on virtually any computer.  It
    combines electronic viewing with hypertext navigation and full-text
    retrieval.

    "Intellecte/BusinessWeb" provides a Web browser interface to
    RDM respositories and WorldView collections via HTML- and
    Java-based search engines.  Other Intellecte offerings provide a
    number of different solutions; contact your Interleaf representative
    for the latest offerings.


1.2.    What platforms does Interleaf run on, and what are the latest versions?

    Full details are on Interleaf's Web page http://www.interleaf.com

    Interleaf 6:

    Interleaf 6.1 has been released on certain Unix platforms with
    the Motif User Interface. The product is available for Sun,
    HP, IBM, and DEC (OSF 1 1.3.x) workstations. Requirements for
    memory range from 16mB to 32mB and disk requirements from 36
    to 68mB, in addition to minimum swap space of from 32-64 mB
    per session, with 64-128mB per host.

    Interleaf 6.2 has been released for Windows NT and Win95.


    Interleaf 5:

    Interleaf 5.4 remains available on the following workstation
    platforms:  DG Aviion, DEC VAX/VMS, DEC Ultrix, HP 700, HP
    300/400, HP/Apollo (Domain), IBM RS/6000,
    Motorola Delta 8000, Sun-3, Sun-4, Silicon Graphics Iris.

    The "standard" version of Interleaf 5 provides a UI consistent across
    all the platforms it runs on.

    DOS:  (386/486)
    Interleaf 5.4 for DOS is the current edition.

    The 5.4 release includes international
    localizations for French, German and Italian, Full Revision Tracking,
    support for DEC Pathworks, improved/additional video device driver
    support, and better support for running from within a Microsoft Windows
    3.1 environment (as a DOS application).  Since Interleaf has not
    completed work on the remaining localizations for Dutch, Spanish and
    Swedish interfaces, this release is seeing limited distribution in
    North America.  The additional languages and other new features will be
    included in the upcoming release, Interleaf 5.4 for DOS.  Customers can
    upgrade from Interleaf IBM Publisher 3.x. (aka version 1.x) to version
    5.2.02 or wait for version 5.4.  Interleaf 5 for DOS is interoperable
    with the Unix and VMS based versions.  It includes all the
    functionality of the workstation-based product (tables, equations,
    charting, graphics, etc.) plus some additional features that allow the
    user to run in Microsoft Windows 3.1 environments without extra memory
    managers or special set-ups.  Features planned for v5.4 include a new
    simplified GUI install, 32-bit color image support and a new font
    hierarchy to greatly reduce disk footprint.

    MAC:
    The current version is Interleaf Publisher for the Mac, version 3.6.
    This product does not conform to the Mac UI, and is no longer available
    from Interleaf.

    Interleaf has announced that no further Macintosh releases are
    planned, though using a Macintosh as an X-server, with the
    software running on a remote Unix system, is perfectly feasible.


1.3.    How much does Interleaf cost?

    Interleaf pricing depends on the exact configuration purchased
    and option packaging varies from country to country. There are
    several different "options" for Interleaf 5 and 6,
    including DTK, Revision    Tracking, and Book Catalogs.  The
    "base model" Interleaf license is *very* competitive with
    FrameMaker, or other similar systems.  Adding
    the above options can be quite expensive.  Many sites use a network
    pool of many inexpensive "basic" licenses plus a few expensive "full
    blown" licenses.

    It has been noted that universities receive a tremendous educational
    discount, and that commerical and educational license costs for
    Interleaf and its competitors differ greatly depending on which country
    you live in and which platform you are buying.  In the US, full-blown
    Interleaf 6 is available to accredited colleges and universities for
    about $200 per site, plus handling.  See the web page at
    http://www.cs.umb.edu/~serl for a pointer to details. That
    page describes a program which applies only to U.S. universities.
    Terms for institutions of higher education in other countries
    (and for businesses and individuals as well) vary by country.


1.4    How does Interleaf compare to {FrameMaker,IslandWrite,WordPerfect,etc.}?

    This is a religious and/or political issue for many, and it is very
    hard to provide an objective answer.  The following summarizes a few
    majority opinions from the frequent discussions in the newsgroup.

    Frame is generally considered to be a "mid-range" application; it is
    easy to learn, but experienced users find complex tasks difficult or
    impossible.  Many I5 users hate the "toolbox", "Mac/PC-like"
    interface.

    Interleaf is thought of as a "high-end" system; it is difficult to get
    started, but expandable and powerful when advanced tasks must be done.
    While many new users abhor the I5 UI, a seemingly equal number
    of experts praise it.  I6 for unix has a traditional Motif
    interface whose graphics editory is largely toolbox based.  6.1
    offers a combination of traditional Motif/MSWindows style
    interface with optional "power user" UI features.

    Interleaf's document creation metaphor is object-oriented and
    structured in approach, in contrast to the page-layout orientation of
    many "Desktop Publishing" products like Frame, Quark, PageMaker, etc.
    This is often a widely misunderstood difference when comparing
    Interleaf to other "similar" products.

    IslandWrite, WordPerfect, MS-Word, et al. have been considered
    low end applications, but as they improve on their
    capabilities, Interleaf distinguishes itself from them in the
    complexity and size of documents it can deal with, in its
    level of integration of text and graphics, and in its open
    architecture for third party extensibility.


1.5    How can I find out more information about Interleaf?

    Interleaf, Inc.
    62 Fourth Avenue
    Waltham, MA 02154-9524
    USA
    [phone]

    US and Canada toll-free service numbers:
     Customer Support Center             [phone]
     Training Registration               [phone], press 3
     Interleaf Direct (product orders,   (800) 955-LEAF
       identify nearest office)
     User Groups, product literature [phone]

    http://www.interleaf.com/

    Email:
      Customer Support Center    [e-mail]
     Passwords            [e-mail]
     Training Registration        [e-mail]

    There are over 50 Interleaf USER GROUPS worldwide.  For information on
    the nearest one, or for assistance on starting one, contact Interleaf
    at 1-800-456-5323 (outside North America, call [phone] and
    press 5 for marketing information, as described below).

    To receive Interleaf's quarterly newsletter and product announcements,
    just send a request to "add me to your mailing list" to the home office
    in your country.  Include your name, title, company, mailing address
    and telephone number.  Also let them know which Interleaf products
    you're using, and on which computer platforms.  Send it to the
    attention of "Marketing."

    Bundled with service contracts in North America is 24-hour dial-in
    access to Customer Support's comprehensive "Releaf24" knowledgebase.
    Contract customers can request "Releaf24 Registration Guidelines" by
    calling 1-800-688-5151 or by sending email to [e-mail].  Some
    subsidiaries outside the US plan to offer this soon.

    Occasionally, patch tapes are available to fix bugs or add
        functionality between major releases.  Contact your local sales
        representative for this information.

    Customer Services.  The toll-free (US and Canada only) customer
    contract line give you one-stop convenience for all your sales needs.
    Call [phone].  Press 1 for Software Sales (place an order,
    request a catalog, check pricing and order status); press 2 for Support
    Contract Sales (order upgrades, purchase a new support contract, renew
    an existing support contract); press 3 for Training Registration
    (register for a course, request a current training catalog); press 4
    for Reseller Information (find out about VARs in your area); press 5
    for Marketing Information (get news for trade shows, user groups, and
    events in your area, learn about new programs and promotions).


1.6    What does FAQ mean?

    If you don't know what a FAQ is, you need to learn more about Usenet.
    Read the introductory postings in news.announce.newusers.


1.7    Why doesn't this FAQ contain info on <your-topic-here>?

    This FAQ is biased toward the Unix Workstation platforms, but that is
    probably a function of the popularity of Interleaf on various
    platforms, the popularity of competing products, and the areas of
    expertise of the FAQ contributors.  If you have valuable information
    that we missed, or if our assumptions that you are running Unix
    confuse things, we welcome your suggestions on how to improve this
    document.

    If something in the FAQ doesn't work for you, it may be due to the
    version of the software you're running, or the platform you're
    running it on.  Most of the active newsgroup posters and FAQ
    contributors seem to be running very recent versions of Interleaf
    (5.4, 6.0 or later) and have Unix workstation platforms,
    usually including SunOS.

    This FAQ is *NOT* intended to be a substitute for the standard
    Interleaf documentation.  Hopefully it will contain the most frequently
    occurring issues that are hard-to-find or absent from the
    documentation.


1.8    Should I post my question to comp.text.interleaf?

    - Understand the introductory information in the news.announce.newusers
      newsgroup.  Be sure to read the "Rules for posting to Usenet"
          posting.

    - Read this FAQ.

    - Post to local.test or misc.test if you've never posted before.

    If your question is still unanswered, post it.  Be sure to include all
    the necessary information as appropriate such as:

        The version of Interleaf you are running (including patches)
        The hardware platform you are on
        The version of your Operating System and windowing system
        How much memory and swap space you have
        What type of printer it won't print on
        etc.

    This information is also important when you are asking your question
    via email to someone.


1.9    My site does not get netnews. Is there a ListServ or other
    mail gateway for comp.text.interleaf?

    -No.

1.10    Who wrote this FAQ?

    Thanks to the following FAQ contributors:
    _____name_____    _____email_____                ____claim-to-fame_______
    Heidi Daitch      [e-mail]            Interleaf
    Brian Diehm       [e-mail]      newsgroup contributor
    Ted Fabian        [e-mail]   Interleaf admin
    Amy Farrell       [e-mail]          Interleaf admin/user expert
    Deborah Graham    [e-mail]              Interleaf Doc Supervisor
    Adam Harrison     [e-mail]                FTP site maintainer
    Daniel Haug       [e-mail]       newsgroup contributor
    Tom Jones         [e-mail]        FAQ editor
    Stephen Keller    [e-mail]        newsgroup contributor
    Christine King    [e-mail]           Interleaf lead VMS engineer
    Steven King       [e-mail]              newsgroup contributor
    Alek Komarnitsky  [e-mail]               newsgroup contributor
    David Lightman    [e-mail]     newsgroup contributor
    Hal Miller        [e-mail]               newsgroup contributor
    Jon Monssarat     [e-mail]               general netnews wizard
    Robert Morris     [e-mail]                 LISP guru, FAQ editor
    Nils-Peter Nelson [e-mail]         newsgroup contributor
    Bret Pettichord                         former interleafer
    Randyl Plampin    [e-mail]         FAQ editor
    Bill Rea          [e-mail]                  FAQ editor
    Danny Schales     [e-mail]            newsgroup contributor
    Randy Smith       [e-mail]    Interleaf admin, ng
                             contributor
    George Snyder     [e-mail]                  newsgroup contributor
    Eric Sosman       [e-mail]             Interleaf VMS engineer
    Anne Tice         [e-mail]             newsgroup contributor
    Todd Williams     [e-mail]                Unix sysadmin, FAQ editor
    Brian Wong        [e-mail]      newsgroup contributor
    Dorene Woodrow                         former Interleafer

    You can mail to the Interleaf FAQ Editors at
    [e-mail].



2.    ADMINISTRATION


2.1    Interleaf administration vs. Unix administration of Interleaf

    The Interleaf System Administration manual provides procedures that
    require the administrator to be running Interleaf, manipulating icons,
    etc., and running Interleaf programs like printer_install and
    prhost_install -- is this really necessary?

    No.  But Interleaf has mixed feelings about providing "Interleaf
    procedures" and "Unix procedures" for the same tasks.  Most of the
    Interleaf procedures have easy Unix shortcuts, but use them at your
    own risk.  The Interleaf equivalent of "ln -s" takes several mouse/
    menu operations.  Some administrators edit their printers.lsp file
    directly (or have their custom shell script do it), never running
    the printer_install or prhost_install programs.

    In the DOS version of Interleaf 5, many of these tasks have been
    simplified and moved into the hands of the end users.  For example,
    prhost_install and printer_install have been merged into one program
    which is run by the user from within Interleaf 5 itself.


2.2    Printing


2.2.1    Can I create PostScript files on the desktop in Interleaf?

    Yes.  The administrator runs printer_install and creates a new
    "printer" named "PostScript" (or whatever).  Choose filtering on the
    desktop, the "Other PostScript printer" model, use the NULL.PPD file,
    face down output, and choose *not* to spool to the printer.  Whatever
    menu name you chose (I suggest "<PostScript File>") will now appear in
    the printer menu.  When selected, it will output to a PostScript file
    in the current directory.  The filename will have a suffix of "_ps"
    (no, Interleaf hasn't learned the ".ps" Unix convention).
    [the previous paragraph works fine on the 5.3 Sun version of Interleaf;
    for other platforms, your mileage may vary]

    Adventuresome hackers can simply insert the following into their
    /interleaf/ileaf5/data/printers.lsp file (on Unix hosts):
        (
        :netname "PostScript"
        :menuname "<PostScript>"
        :filt-args ("-ppd" "NULL.PPD" "-ft" "3")
        :pdltag "ps"
        :filter "pl2ps"
        :install "ps_install"
        :ps-type1 ("-ft" "3")
        :ppdfile "NULL.PPD"
        :rvopt " "
        :european " "
        :physical-printer "PostScript"
        :spool "n"
        :filter-loc "desktop"
        :type "ps"
        :model "Other PostScript printer"
        :id :bsd-other-ps
        )

    On Interleaf 5 for DOS, this comes as a default setup.

    On Interleaf 6 for Win95/NT, you can create Postscript files with the
    "Print to file . . ." system printer option.


2.2.2    Can Interleaf 5 create Encapsulated PostScript files (EPS files)?

    Yes.  Beginning with Interleaf 5.3, you have the ability to create EPS
    3.0 files as an option under the printer pulldown menu.  To add this
    functionality simply add another printer using printer_install.  Select
    "EPS File" as the printer type.  This will add EPS to your PRINT menu.
    When printing to EPS, the EPS file will contain one entire page
    (including page #, etc.).

    In Interleaf 5 for DOS, add the "-EPS" option to the switch settings
    for creating PS files in the Printer Setup Tool, and save this as a
    new menu entry ("Create EPS File").

    If you want to filter an object that will be placed on a page in some
    other program, you'll need to set the document size appropriately.
    (Unless there is some other way to let Interleaf know where the
    boundaries of the object are.)  Since a typical EPS file is one graphic
    object, you can set the frame size to "Contents," then back to "Fixed"
    to see the actual size of the graphic.  Then, open the Page property
    sheet and enter the frame height and width values as the page size.
    (If someone knows a better way, we'd like to hear about it.)

    There are some subtle differences between PostScript files and EPS
    files.  Each format has its appropriate uses, so both are discussed
    here.  See the comp.lang.postscript FAQ for the gory details.

    One idiosyncrasy of Interleaf-generated EPS files is the line
        %%BoundingBox: (atend)
    Some programs insist on having the BoundingBox at the beginning of
    the document, so if you have an application which chokes on Interleaf
    EPS, move this line to the initial comments section.


2.2.3    Are there special problems with SPARCprinters using NeWSprint?

    Maybe.  Some users have noted problems with SPARCprinters, and other
    note problems with certain fonts or frames or bullets looking "dirty".
    Make sure you have the right PPD file.
    [This section is still under construction.  If you have info to add,
    please send a summary to the editors]


2.2.4    Printerleaf-to-PostScript

    The pl2ps command can be very useful in debugging printing problems.
    Create a printerleaf (*.pl) output file by selecting "Printerleaf" in
    the Printers menu.  Now you can convert this to a PostScript file by
    running pl2ps.  Execute "pl2ps -usage" for a summary of options.  A
    typical invocation would be:
        % pl2ps  -v  -ppd NULL.PPD  -i docname.pl  -o docname.ps
    The -v (verbose) flag is useful for debugging.  You must always specify
    a PPD file -- this is a good way to test PPD files.


2.2.5    PPD (PostScript Printer Definition) Files

    Adobe PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files describe how to use
    the standard and special features (hardware and software) on a
    specific PostScript printer.  This would include things such as which
    fonts are resident, if duplexing is supported, how many trays exist
    and which paper sizes are available.  PPD files are created by the
    printer manufacturer, not Interleaf.  Interleaf only includes a few of
    the most popular ones on its distribution tape.

    Interleaf PPD files are located in the /interleaf/ileaf5/data/ps
    directory.  These files are usually named with the printer's
    designation and the version of PostScript being used (e.g.,
    LWNTX470.PPD means Apple LaserWriter NTX with PostScript version 4.70).

    Since the Apple LaserWriter is the simple, standard least-common-
    denominator of printers, you can probably get by using the default
    APPLE422.PPD file if you are running Interleaf 5.0 through 5.3.0.
    If you are using version 5.3.1 of Interleaf, you can probably get
    by using the NULL.PPD file.  If these files don't work (i.e., you
    still can't print), or if you want to use advanced capabilites
    your printer may have, you need to get the correct PPD file for your
    printer.

    How to get PPD files.  If you have a printer that isn't on the
    Interleaf tape, you can obtain PPD files directly from Adobe.
    Adobe has an automated mail server that can e-mail PPD files
    (and a bunch of other stuff) directly to you over the
    Internet.  To find out what PPD files are available send mail
    to: [e-mail].  In the body of the message, on
    the first line, type: "index PPDFiles".  The server will send
    you a list of the PPD files it has available.  For information
    on how to use the server, send another e-mail message to
    [e-mail].  In the body of the message, on the
    first line, include one word: "help".  The server will send
    you a message describing how to access information.

    All the PPD files on the Adobe server follow the version 4 PPD
    specification.  This means that you must upgrade to version 5.3.1 or
    higher of Interleaf to use type-4 PPD files.  Contact the printer
    manufacturer if you need an older type-3 PPD file.


2.2.6    How do I suppress the Interleaf header page by default?

    The administrator should change the Print->Properties in the original
    document, which lives in the SYSTEM CREATE cabinet; then any new
    documents created will inherit those values.  This change is probably
    effected most easily when the administrator has created a MASTER
    SYSTEM5 CABINET icon on his desktop -- see the administration manual
    for details.


2.2.7    Where can I get more specific information about my Brand XYZ printer?

    See the comp.periphs.printers and comp.lang.postscript newsgroups.


2.2.8    My output seemed to go to the printer, but nothing printed!

    One good way to debug PostScript printing problems is to download a
    PostScript error handler program.  This is a simple PostScript program
    that you "print" to your printer (but no output is generated).  You
    now have an error-handler "loop" running until printer power is cycled.
    If your Interleaf output generates improper PostScript code, instead of
    silently exiting, you will get an error message printed on a page of
    output, which may be of use to a PostScript guru, your printer vendor,
    etc.  You can get an error handler from the Adobe mailserver (see
    "PPD files", above).

2.2.9    Can I print an Interleaf doc without actually running Interleaf?

    Use the -print startup option when you enter the Interleaf 5
    startup command. This prints a document without opening a
    desktop. You supply the name(s) of the document as an
    argument.

    You can specify a printer other than the nearest printer, print
    multiple copies/uncollated copies, print odd or even numbered
    pages, and print a range of pages.

    To specify a printer other than the nearest printer established
    for the workstation, add :printer NAME as an argument to the
    command line option. The default is the nearest printer, which
    may not be the one you want.

    Example:  To print 5 copies of pages 2 through 15 of the
    document plan.doc on the printer ely, use the following command:

      ileaf -print :copies 5 :first 2 :last 15 :printer ely plan.doc

    Syntax:  Here's the syntax:

    -print {:KEY VALUE}*  DOCUMENT*
     Print specified files in batch mode.  Optional KEY VALUEs are
     :printer NAME, :copies NUM, :collated T|NIL, :parity
     :even|:odd, :first NUM, :last NUM.

    (To get info on all of the available startup options, type
    ileaf -usage.)

2.3    File management

2.3.1    What are all these ,8 and ,9 files on my desktop?

    For every Interleaf document file.doc, you get a set of additional
    files with assorted filename extensions. At Interleaf 5, the
    filename extensions are as follows:

           filename.doc  the document
     filename.doc,1  the backup version of the document
     filename.doc#1  a copy of the document
       filename.doc#1,1  the backup version of the copy
     filename.doc,2  the checkpoint version of the document
     filename.doc,3  the crash version of the document
     filename.doc,4  the work-in-progress version of the document
     filename.doc,5  Lisp methods associated with the document
     filename.doc,6  Lisp data associated with the document,
             most often Hyperleaf Toolkit data (see 2.18)
     filename.doc,8  an autonumbering and autoreferencing summary file
             for this document
     filename.doc,9  an indexing summary file for this document
     [e-mail]  an attribute file with information on document
                 attributes and icon position

    When you copy normal documents (without Hyperleaf TK data -
    locators or hypertext links), move them, send them through email,
    etc, the only version you need is the plain .doc version.

    backup version (filename.doc,1)
         The backup version is made by Interleaf automatically
         (based on the number of keystrokes you make or mouse
         movements in a graphics frame).  You can use this
         file to recover lost changes if something disastrous
         happens when you are working on a doc and you don't
         have a chance to save a crash file, eg a power cut.

                 In such a case, list the files to see if the .1 version
                 has a later time stamp than the .doc version. If it has,
                 rename the ,1 version (eg backup.doc) and open that - this
                 should recover some if not all of your changes.

             For example:

         % ls -l body*
         -rw-r--r--  1 julie       16382 Jan 27 18:15 body.doc
         -rw-r--r--  1 julie       18052 Jan 27 18:27 body.doc,1
         -rw-r--r--  1 julie         532 Jan 27 16:42 body.doc,8
         % mv body.doc,1 body-backup.doc

    crash version  (filename.doc,3)
        If you get an Interrupt stickup (eg SIGSEGV signal) in the
        middle of editing a document, you can save your document
        in a crash file (the File option). Select the File option
        for as many open documents as you are working on and then
        exit. When you next try to open your original document you
        will get a popup telling you that a crash file exists and
        offering you the choice which version of the doc you want
        to open. If it no good, you can always revert to another
        version (backup, saved).

    work-in-progress (filename.doc,4)
        This is created when you execute Close in a document
        you have modified and choose Hold on the stickup. It is
        also created if have more than 4 docs open at once in a
        book.  You can change this limit in the user profile.
        With 4 edited and unsaved docs open, when you open a
        5th  document, Interleaf will close one of the first 4,
        keeping all changes you have made in a work-in-progess
        file. Next time you open a doc with a work-in-progress
        file, Ileaf automatically opens that version.

            **NOTE:    See also Bugs & Workarounds section**

       attribute file ([e-mail])
        This is the file that controls where the icon appears
        on the screen. When you copy a file to your desktop
        using the OS and it doesn't appear on the desktop, it's
        because the file has no associated .@ file. When you do
        a rescan, a .@ file is created. When you delete a file
        from an Interleaf directory using the OS and you don't
        delete the associated .@ file, the icon will remain
        visible in Interleaf. If you select the icon and look
        at its Property sheet, you will see that it is an
        incomplete file. You need to delete the associated .@
        file when you delete a document (folder/cabinet/file)
        using the OS (or you can simply cut the icon in Interleaf).



3.    IMPORT-EXPORT, 3rd party tools, customizing


3.1    Importing information into Interleaf


3.1.1    Importing files


3.1.2    How do I get the name of the document into my file?

    To put the document name into a frame--typically a header or footer
    frame--type Escape-@ into a text string.  Some distributions may use
    the key binding Escape-n.  This won't work in microdocuments.  This is
    parallel to putting in page numbers with Escape-#, or the date with
    Ctrl-X d.

    The LISP command "(tell *document* mid:get-name)" will return a string
    with the document name.  I suppose one could automate the insertion of
    this string in much the same way as the autodate2 program (q.v.),
    though I'd be interested to see something simpler.  This is such a
    useful capability that I hope someone posts a nice solution.


3.1.3    How do I get the date into my file?

    If working in a book with a catalog, you can place the date in a shared
    component or shared-content frame within the catalog.  Turn frame
    and/or component exports on.  Then you only need to update the catalog
    when the date changes.

    If not working in a book, you can tag the document with an attribute
    for "date" and use Effectivity Control to control what date appears in
    the document.

    In Interleaf 5, you can use the Ctrl-x d command in a component or
    microdocument to insert the current system date, although it will not
    update automatically each time the document is accessed.

    Lisp scripts can be written to insert a date that will change
    dynamically, or to change the format of the date.

    Bob Morris has written some active document LISP code will make the
    current date appear in an I5 document automatically when you
    open it.  It will also give you the option of freezing the
    date upon closing the document, i.e.  "deactivating" the
    document at close time.  The latest version of this LISP file
    is named "autodate2", and is available via anonymous ftp ftom
    ftp.cs.umb.edu in the /pub/interleaf/lisp/ directory, and by
    gopher or the World Wide Web as described in Section 6.

    In Interleaf6, a similar facility is provided with the software.


3.1.4    How can I make "form letters" where name/addresses are pulled in from
    external sources?

    The January 1992 issue of "Foliage", the (now defunct) newsletter of
        the Northeast Interleaf User's Group, had an article on how to do this
        with ASCII markup.

    The general idea (modified somewhat from the article) is
    to define components such as <address>, <salutation>, <letter1>, and so
    on in an Interleaf document.  Use "Global apply" or "Unify all" to make
    sure the component masters match what you see on screen.  Save
    <letter1> with contents, and turn on its "Shared contents" property.
    Turn on the "Start new page = yes" property of The first component in
    the letter, e.g. <date>.  Save the document as ASCII, with a name such
    as letter_master.doc.

    Have your database write out a file such as:
        <!class defaults, fill = blank>
        <!Include definitions /home/my/desktop/letter_master.doc>

        <date>December 2, 1992
        <address>John Smith
        <address>1111 Home Street
        <address>Anytown, USA 02000
        <salutation>Dear Mr. Smith:
        <letter1>

        <date>December 2, 1992
        <address>John Q. Public
        <address>222 Any Place
        ...

    The <!class ...> is needed only if your external data contains multiple
    lines of text within a component.

    Since line breaks are not significant, and a blank line repeats the
    preceding component, the following is equivalent:
        <!class defaults, fill = blank>
        <!Include definitions /home/my/desktop/letter_master.doc>

        <date>
        December 2, 1992

        <address>
        John Smith

        1111 Home Street

        Anytown, USA 02000

        <salutation>
        Dear Mr. Smith:

        <letter1>
        ...

    If you load this file into Interleaf, or print it using Interleaf
    command line parameters, Interleaf will expand the shared <letter1>
    content in each instance.

    Substituting external data into the text of the letter is much harder.
    It requires tricks with inline components, which are extremely ugly in
    ASCII markup.  See the Interleaf File Formats manual for more details.


3.1.5    Importing Graphics
        -PostScript
        The psfilt program is used to import PostScript into an
        Interleaf document.  As of ileaf5.3, it is bundled with
        Interleaf free of charge.
        -other Interleaf 5.3 filters will import CGM and TIFF files

    Interleaf 6 for Win95/NT includes what appears to be fairly good OLE
    support -- with the Paste Special command, you can paste document
    elements from other OLE-compliant applications directly into an
    Interleaf document.  (For instance, you can paste a Visio flowchart
    directly into an Interleaf document.)  when you double-click on those
    elements, you get a small window into the other application, which
    allows you to edit the element in its interface.  You can give the
    resulting Interleaf document to other people to edit, as long as they
    also have the other applications.

    Interleaf 6 also ships with a vastly expanded import/export filter
    library; filters included (at least in the Windows version) are:

    Graphics (B&W and color):
        Adobe Illustrator
        AutoCAD (import only)
        Windows BMP (import only)
        CGM
        GIF (import only)
        GSA Navy DIF
        DrawPerfect
        HPGL (Hewlett-Packard's plotter language, import only)
        IGES (import only, converts 3D to 2D)
        Pc Paintbrush PCX (import only)
        PICT
        TIFF
        Windows Metafile (WMF)

    Note: Tom Jones reports that Interleaf's import filter crashed
    repeatedly when he tried to import a WMF file created by Interleaf's
    output filter.

    Text:
        AmiPro
        DCA
        DEC DX
        EBCDIC
        Excel XLS spreadsheets (which convert to tables)
        GlobalView
        IBM DisplayWrite
        Lotus WK3 spreadsheets (which convert to tables)
        Mass-11
        MultiMate
        Plain ASCII text
        Microsoft Word RTF (see note below)
        Wang PC
        WordStar
        XyWrite

    Note: RTF is a text-only format.  To convert Microsoft Word documents
    containing graphics to Interleaf, save them in WordPerfect format and
    import that file.

    Mixed graphics and text:
        FrameMaker (import only)
        WordPerfect

3.1.6    FrameMaker to Interleaf

    Interleaf has a Frame to Interleaf filter called "miffilt" that is
    available for SunSPARC, HP, IBM RS-6000, Ultrix, DOS, and Windows
    95/NT.  It works with Interleaf 5.3 and is included in the Interleaf
    Motif release.

    See also the "Interleaf-to-Framemaker" section below about Filtrix
    by Blueberry Software.


3.2    Exporting information from Interleaf


3.2.1    Exporting Interleaf documents to PostScript format

    You can create PostScript or, beginning with v5.3, Encapsulated
    PostScript (EPS 3.0) documents as long as your administrator has
    installed the printers appropriately.  See the administration section
    for information on this, plus other filtering caveats.


3.2.2    Exporting Interleaf PostScript into troff

    Interleaf, like many other proprietary packages, assumes that its
    PostScript output is part of a larger (Interleaf- generated) PostScript
    file.  Each fragment makes assumptions about the environment, e.g.,
    counting on certain macros or variables to be defined, perhaps through
    a prologue.  The troff PostScript postprocessor would have to know
    about every such environment for every proprietary package a priori,
    and put it in the prologue for you.  Every now and then something
    works, often enough to lead you to believe it will always work.  If
    you're a programmer, it's a bit like taking a C function that requires
    global variables and never initializing them.  PostScript is, indeed, a
    programming language, not just a printer format.


3.2.3    Exporting Graphics

    Many users are confused on how to export graphics.  Some users report
    success when saving the Interleaf document as a PostScript file, then
    using other packages to convert the PostScript to whatever format is
    desired.

    Once you've got PostScript, use the GNU package GhostScript to convert
    it to PBM (Portable Bit Map), GIF (Graphics Interchange Format), or PCX
    (PC Paintbrush).  GhostScript is available at all the popular GNU ftp
    sites.  These file formats are all compile-time options, so if you've
    already got GhostScript at your site make sure it has the right formats
    compiled in.

    If you need a format other than one listed above, convert to PBM first
    then use the PBMPLUS suite of conversion filters to convert PBM to
    whatever you need.  PBMPLUS handles a ton of file formats, and is
    available at many popular ftp sites.

    If you're not on a Unix system, GhostScript is available for MS-DOS and
    VMS, and PBMPLUS is available on the Amiga (and possibly other
    platforms).  You can also find other graphics conversion programs for
    most platforms.  PBM and GIF formats in particular are rather common,
    so if you can convert to one of those it's likely you can find
    something to convert to the format you really want.

    Beware of converting multiple page documents to a graphics format.
    Most graphics formats don't really have the concept of "page".
    GhostScript will still do the conversion, but will convert each page as
    a separate image.  That's good.  Unfortunately, it puts all those
    images in the same file.  That's bad.  It's pretty easy to write a sed,
    awk, or perl script to split multiple PBM images out of a single file;
    I've never really tried it for the other graphics formats.

    You can go through these steps to produce an image file suitable
    for faxing via faxmodem!  Tell GhostScript to use a resolution of
    210x98 dpi; this is the resolution of a fax machine.  (Use 210x196
    dpi for "fine" mode.)  PBMPLUS includes a filter for PBM to Group 3
    FAX.


3.2.4    Interleaf to FrameMaker

    A third-party tool called Filtrix by Blueberry Software claims to
    support Interleaf-to-Frame and vice versa, but at last report, the
    Interleaf TPS 4.0 file format was the latest supported.  Blueberry's
    number is 1-707-829-5443.  It is unknown whether a version that
    supports Interleaf 5.3 is planned.  It is still possible to use the
    product by filtering Frame to TPS4.0 and then converting to Interleaf
    5.  And to go the other way, you can convert your Ileaf5 document to
    TPS4 before you filter it to FrameMaker.

    Frame Technology Corp. now has an Interleaf to FrameMaker filter,
    called "ileaf2mif".  For a while, Frame was offering it free to new
    with new purchases, and advertising it as "the Ultimate Interleaf
    Upgrade".  Some users report reasonable operation, but others note
    that it will not handle equations, etc.  Like Filtrix, it only handles
    the TPS4.0 version of Interleaf.  Users report:
    "I've used the Interleaf->Frame filter ileaf2mif on Suns to translate
    Interleaf files to MIF for end use on PC.  The filter does a
    reasonable job of handling Interleaf 4.X ASCII format files, but fails
    on Interleaf 5.3 ASCII format files.  You can convert within 5.3 to a
    4.X format ASCII, but there are still things in the resultant file the
    Frame filter doesn't like.  The only way I could make this transfer
    work was convert our 5.3 files to 4.X; invoke Interleaf 4 and save the
    converted files once again from Interleaf 4; then run the filter on
    the 4.X files.  This worked fine.  The large caveat here is that
    Interleaf 5.3 supports many features not available in 4.X.  If you
    depend on any of these new features, you might be out of luck.  We
    have only a few documents in this unfortunate situation; they will
    continue on as Interleaf docs for the time being.  Another potential
    problem is you must have Interleaf 4.  I never did isolate what the
    differences were between 4.X ASCII and 5.3-converted-to-4.X ASCII.  It
    might be possible to hand edit (or sed edit) the files."
    "The final hurdle in filtering is that Interleaf and Framemaker
    philosophies for handling shared content, graphics objects, page
    layouts, you name it, differ enough that the MIF files produced by
    Frame's ileaf2mif filter are at best poorly structured Frame files.
    To be fair, they do make reasonable compromises and the job of
    improving translated files is far easier than the job of hand
    translating Interleaf documents to Framemaker."
    "[Frame's Interleaf-to-Frame filter] is OK, but no raves.  It ...can't
    handle all the autoreferencing since the two codes use such different
    models.  I converted a 900 page manual with lots of references and
    figures.  It took me about a month to get things back to an
    auto-updating state in Framemaker.  Oh well, at least it beats
    retyping."

3.2.5    Interleaf to HTML

    Interleaf's Cyberleaf program is a commercial program which
    converts from many sources, including Interleaf binary or
    ASCII.  See Section 7.0 for more details.

    There is at least one free tool: leaf2html available by
    ftp from ftp.mindspring.com in the /users/achtung directory.
    This program does not handle hyperleaf links or provide a
    facility for adding user-provided links.  It chunks large
    documents into small html files and automatically links them.



3.3    Third Party Tools

    Contact Interleaf at [phone] (press 1 for Sales Support) for a
    list of current Interleaf business partners, and a brief description of
    products that work with Interleaf.


3.3.1    Spelling/Grammar Checkers

    Chris Talbott reports:
    My group has had Avalanche's ProofPositive in-house for about a year
    now, and it seems to be a fairly nice grammar/style checker.  It's
    based on the Houghton-Mifflin engine, and it's pretty quick.
    ProofPositive is an Interleaf layered application which runs against an
    open document on your desktop.  It's got a fair level of control over
    which rules it uses and how sensitive it is (e.g. how badly an
    infinitive has to be split before it complains), and it has a
    Dictionary/ Thesaurus program as well.  Our only complaint with it is
    that it won't work non-interactively (a key concern for us, maybe not
    for you).  Apparently, a future release of PP will allow you to define
    your own grammar rules.

    Oracle produces a grammar checker for Interleaf called CoAuthor.  It
    seems like it offers roughly the same capability that ProofPositive
    does, for about the same price.  It uses its own UI, however, instead
    of the native Interleaf one.

    Deborah Graham reports that ProofPositive and CoAuthor do not work
    with Interleaf 6.


3.3.2    SQL

    Chris Talbott reports:
    A third-party tool called Smartleaf allows SQL calls to be embedded
    into Interleaf components, to pull information from databases into a
    formatted Interleaf documents, for example.  Smartleaf is produced by
    Database Publishing Software in Woburn, MA.  (617-938-0018)  They also
    produce a document comparison tool called Smartleaf/Compare.  We've had
    Smartleaf/Compare in-house for about as long as we have had
    ProofPositive.  The tool is useful for such things as comparing an
    archived version of a document/book with the "current" version
    (especially if several revisions have come between the documents in
    question).  As of Apr 1993, the comparison algorithm is not as robust
    as might be desired, and the options for marking the changes in the
    "difference document" are less than stellar, but their 3.0 release (in
    alpha test Apr 1993?) is supposed to have greatly improved the
    algorithm and the marking options.  Database Publishing is also
    involved in developing applications for CALS/SGML support.


3.3.3    Clip Art

    For the (now defunct) GenRad newsletter, Deborah Graham used a demo
        package from:

    Fusion Graphics
        1728 Moorpark Road
        Thousand Oaks, CA 91360
    [phone]

        They had an extensive collection of clip art that was compatible with
    Interleaf and other systems.  However, Deborah believes that the
    collection is no longer available.


3.3.4    Graphics tools

    XV is a shareware program by John Bradley of U. Penn.  It can read
    and write GIF, PM, PBM, X11 bitmap, Sun Raster, PostScript, JPEG,
    and TIFF file formats, and is a very useful translation tool.  It is
    available via ftp from ftp.cis.upenn.edu in the /pub/xv directory.

    IslandPaint, from Island Graphics, is a good bitmap (or raster)
    graphic editor.  It can read TIFF, GIF, Group3 FAX, Sun Raster, and
    X11 bitmap files.  It can write TIFF and Sun Raster files that
    Interleaf can filter into pasteable graphic images.

    IslandDraw, from Island Graphics, is a good object drawing editor.
    It can read and edit EPS, EPS objects, CGM, HPGL, PICT, and Frame
    3.0 MIF drawings.  It writes EPSF, EPSI, TIFF, CGM, and Frame 3.0 MIF
    file formats.  Interleaf can directly paste in EPSI drawings (and
    display them on screen as of v5.3.1)

    CorelDraw, from Prior Data Sciences, is a drawing program that
    imports and exports "most standard graphics formats such as TIFF
    and EPS".


3.4    Customizing tips


3.4.1    Startup options

    Many startup options for Interleaf are configurable via X11 resources.
    See chapter 1 of the Interleaf 5 System Administation manual.  Startup
    options start on page 1-8.  Xresources are on pages 1-14 through 1-16.
    One favorite addition to $HOME/.Xdefaults files is

        Ileaf.geometry:    1141x869+0+0

    which works well on Suns to make the desktop window cover the whole
    screen.  Many startup options can also be handled with command line
    options.

    A list of supported Xresources for Interleaf 6 is provided (with
    usage explanations) in the text file: $ILEAF6_HOME/data/x/Xres


3.4.2    Mouse Buttons

    How can you change the default mouse buttons on a site-wide basis?

    Edit /interleaf/ileaf5/english.cab/Custom.cab/profile.drw/init.lsp
    (english.cab may be a different name, depending on the installed
    language).  Each Interleaf user has a symbolic link to this file from
    their ~/desktop/System5.cab/Custom.cab/profile.drw.  Uncomment the
    three lisp commands shown below, and edit them to specify the desired
    system default actions.
        ;;;
        ;;;     Mouse button mappings:
        ;;;
        ;(tell *wn-wmgr* mid:set-props :left-button :select)
        ;(tell *wn-wmgr* mid:set-props :middle-button :menu)
        ;(tell *wn-wmgr* mid:set-props :right-button :extend)
    Any user with a customized profile (e.g. created with Profile Tool)
    will get the settings from the profile, overriding these defaults.


3.4.3    Keyboard mapping

    Many users have asked about changing the function/behavior of
    certain keys.  Some complain of "no R1 key on the Sun keyboard",
    or want "a delete-to-the-right key like TPS4.0 had".

    One solution is to use xmodmap(1).  This, however, is not a "within
    Interleaf" solution -- xmodmap will change the keyboard mappings for
    the whole login session.

    One small example of xmodmap is the following command, which will
    make the "Del" key on the right hand keypad of a Sun (keycode 57)
    perform the function of the "Cut/L10" key ("F20"):
        xmodmap -e keycode 57 + F20


3.4.4    Default document templates

    The documents in your ~/desktop/System5.cab/Create.cab are those which
    you see when you press the menu button with nothing selected on the
    desktop, and then pull right a submenu on "Create".  Note that some
    files in this directory are typically links into the master cabinet.
    You can remove these links and create your own, or use the more popular
    method of creating your own subdirectory (called "mytemplates.fdr" for
    example).  Put your template documents there, and then pull right thru
    Create->mytemplates-> to create new documents.

    For site-wide templates, the administrator can place templates in
    the Master System5/Create.cab/Templates.fdr.  Each user will have to
    execute Custom-->Misc-->Update in their Templates.fdr to get these
    new templates.


3.4.5    Changing the color of the desktop

    With the User Interface Painter, you can make your desktop and icons
    any color you want.  You first need to turn on the UI Painter in the
    Custom->ToolMgr.  Then you can select a default color scheme from
    Create->Tools->UIPainter, and modify it if you wish with the color
    editor.  To make the change permanent, copy the UI Painter icon you
    created into your System5--Custom--profile drawer.

    Some users report that use of the UI Painter causes more frequent
    occurrences of SIGSEGV and SIGBUS signals.  Revision Tracking has also
    been blamed for this.

    Interleaf 6.2 for Win95/NT uses the operating system's color scheme
    (accessible through the Control Panel) and does not have a separate
    UI Painter.


3.4.6    Creating color documents

    By default, when you try to Edit->Color, you just get shades of gray.
    You must create any colors you want to use by first going into the
    Palette->Color Editor (document name menu Misc-> pull right menu).
    See your hardcopy Interleaf documentation for details.  These colors
    can be made site-wide by modifing the Master document in the Master
    System5 cabinet.


3.4.7    Creating user-defined patterns

    By default, interleaf gives you 16 patterns.  To add to these, use the
    Pallette->Pattern editor.  Again, site-wide patterns should be added
    to the Master document in the Master System5 cabinet.



4.    MISC USER QUESTIONS


4.1    How can I print "DRAFT" diagonally across the background of each page?

    Create a frame in a component and designate the placement as "underlay"
    through the frame props.  Enter text string "DRAFT" using ctrl-O,
    convert the text to outline, size it, edit it to a light shade of gray,
    then rotate it.  Make the frame shared content, and set props to
    Repeat=Begin, Anchors_Page=Yes so that it will show up on every page of
    the document.


4.2    Is there any way to rotate microdocuments?

    No.  If you need to rotate text, use ctrl-O text strings (hit ctrl-O
    inside a frame, then enter text).  You can only rotate ctrl-O text
    strings in 90-degree increments.  To get anything else, convert to
    outline.


4.3    How can I search and replace with a tab or hard return?

    In order to search for, or replace with, a tab or a hard return,
    preface the tab or return key with the Esc key.  (This is the Alt key
    for the IBM RT, and F11 on DEC/Ultrix and VAX/VMS.)


4.4    Can I get international characters on my U.S. based version of
    Interleaf 5?

    Yes, with your cursor in the text area, choose Create->Char, then
    choose the desired font.  Extend the menu and you will see the
    international characters.  You can also get these through keys as
    described in the online document Compose_Sequences under
    System5->Release Notes.


4.5    Will fast startup under Interleaf 5.3 help with performance?

    The fast startup options available under Interleaf 5 (5.3) reduce the
    amount of time it takes to bring up a desktop.  However, once the
    desktop is up, no other performance gains are realized.  Interleaf
    documentation explains the optional fast startup commands available.

    Note two things: (a) fast startup creates a file on your
    desktop about 5mB in size. (b) A substantial amount of system
    state is saved in the fast startup file (that's how it works).
    This often means that under some circumstances you may need to
    remove the file ileaf.fst from your desktop so that it is
    recreated. This is advisable after any new releases of the
    software, of site-wide or individuallly installed
    applications, or in some cases if carelessly written active
    documents make assumptions about the system state.



4.6    How can I capture popups in Interleaf 5.3 under OpenWindows?

    At the Unix prompt, type
         % sleep 10; capture
    You'll then have 10 seconds to setup the popup to be captured. The
    capture box will appear and mouse control will be transferred to it.
    The middle button will give choices of Move, Capture, Size and Quit.
    Capture will create an image.img file, placed in your home directory,
    that can be pasted into a document.


4.7    Keyboard types

    If Interleaf won't start with error messages like:
        In system startup file:
        Error: Wrong argument type: nil
        (logand 32767 (x-keycode-to-keysym 12 0))

    then you need to specify your keyboard type with the -keyboard switch:
        ileaf -keyboard keyboard_type

    "none" is a valid keyboard type, but you won't have any key mappings,
    like page-up/page-down.  The choices in 5.3 are:  apollo, aviion, dec,
    hp, rs6000, sun_type3, sun_type4, none.  (The command switches are in
    the System Administration manual.)

    If you have a Sun Type 5 keyboard, you need the "patch tape" which
    brings Interleaf 5.3 to 5.3.1.


4.8    Does Interleaf read this newsgroup?

    "Lots of us at Interleaf, from all walks, read the messages.  And we're
    very glad this newsgroup is up and running.  But we also recognize that
    this is a medium for our users, not for Interleaf, Inc.  So, we are
    encouraging Interleafers not to jump into discussions prematurely.  Our
    unofficial policy is that if a Leafer has an answer to a question which
    other users don't appear to be responding to (or if it's a request for
    information that really should be addressed by us), then we'll reply
    privately.  There may, of course, be occasions where a public reply
    makes most sense, so we won't rule that out."


4.9    Why does my tutorial crash?

    Many problems were noticed with the tutorial in v5.2.  Many of these
    were fixed in v5.3.  Paranoid users who wish to run the tutorial might
    want to temporarily rename their desktop directory before running the
    tutorial, and then rename it back when finished.


4.10    Why doesn't Interleaf have an indent command or keystroke?

    It's not appropriate for Interleaf to have a simple indent command.
    Property Sheets are germane to the point of structured document
    editors.  If you "merely" indent without changing the document objects,
    you are essentially imputing structure from format.  This is a Bad
    Thing as it makes it very difficult to edit structure later on.  On the
    other hand, format deduced from structure, as provided by many systems
    with "style sheet"-like mechanisms, is easy to edit.  Also, it does not
    lead to confusion when the format is to be changed.  For a most
    dramatic example, see "Can Structured Formatters Prevent Train
    Crashes?", J.  Andre, Electronic Publishing---Origination,
    Dissemination and Design (EP-ODD), v. 2 #3, pp169-174, October 1989).

    However, it is possible in Interleaf 5 to provide keyboard actions
    which will edit structure as well as content.  Bob Morris has written
    some Lisp which will do this for the indentation toggling problem.
    Contact him at [e-mail] for more info.


4.11    Memory leaks

    Interleaf has been known to allocate large amounts of virtual memory
    and never give it back.  If you get an "out of memory" message, try
    exiting Interleaf and trying the operation again.  Users who remain
    logged in for days/weeks/months with Interleaf running the whole time
    exacerbate this problem.  You can use the Unix "pstat -T" command to
    view the amount of virtual memory being used.

    Under HP-UX, use "/etc/swapinfo -t" instead of pstat.  HP-UX has some
    memory leak problems in the vfork() call that can be fixed with kernel
    patch PHKL_0743 for HP-UX 8.07.

    Patch PRA # 93-15 for Interleaf 5.3.1 is available to address memory
    leak problems.  Some sites have already worked around this problem
    by running on workstations with large amounts of memory and swap
    space.


4.12    Runaway processes; exiting Interleaf

    If Interleaf is not exited properly, it may continue to run.  Sun
    OpenWindows users, for example, may logout via the OpenWindows menu's
    "Exit".  This will cause Interleaf to continue to run, consuming memory
    and cpu time.


4.13    How do I get a clock permanently on my desktop?

    Copy the Clock.lsp lisp program to your profile drawer.  Any lisp
    programs in your profile drawer will be run every time you start
    Ileaf.

    For Unix types:
        % cp /interleaf/ileaf5/english.cab/Custom.cab/No_Selection.cab\
        /Misc.drw/Clock.lsp ~/desktop/System5.cab/Custom.cab/profile.drw

    (note that the above is one line, and that I broke the pathname
    in the middle)

    For Interleaf types:
        open System5->Custom->No_Selection->Misc
        copy the Clock lisp icon
        open System5->Custom->profile
        paste the Clock lisp icon at the bottom right.

    Lisp hackers can now edit your copy of Clock.lsp, and change the
    font/window size/window postion/etc.


4.14    I created a file in my desktop directory but Interleaf doesn't see it!

    Any files created under your desktop directory by processes other than
    Interleaf (e.g. from a Unix shell prompt) while Interleaf is running
    do not appear as icons.  Conversely, files removed still have icons
    displayed.

    To make newly created files appear, choose Custom->Rescan.  Automatic
    rescan can be set in your profile using the profile tool, but since
    it slows things down it is disabled by default.

    Also use Rescan when removing files, but remember that any FileName.doc
    will have a [e-mail] file associated with it for icon
    positioning.  If you don't remove both files, you'll get strange
    behavior later.


4.15    What are all these funny Unix filenames?  What's this Mona Lisa icon?

    If you cd to your desktop directory and do an ls -a, you may see things
    that don't seem to correspond to the icons Interleaf shows you.  These
    are documented on pages 1-6 through 1-8 of the System Administration
    manual, along with the meaning of each type of icon.


4.16    Is there any way to count the number of words in an Interleaf document?

    If you have a lot of documents and want to automate this, you may well
    find it easier and faster to run Unix shell scripts which:
        1. Run Interleaf in batch mode to make the files interleaf ascii.
        2. Run textfilt to strip markup.
        3. Use the Unix wc(1) program to count words.

    Bob Morris has written some Lisp code which will count words.  It may
    or may not be useful to you.  Ask him for details.


4.17    Is there a way to sum up or sort a row or column in a table?

    David Lightman reports that there is a simple Lisp script available
    from the Leafline (q.v.) which sorts a column in ascending ascii.

    Also he has written some Lisp scripts to sum a column (sorry haven't
    done rows), along with changing the attributes of row components based
    on a value you enter (simple database query idea).  Contact him for
    more info.


4.18    Is there a way to view an Interleaf document without starting Ileaf?

    This is what Interleaf's WorldView product can do. (q.v.)


4.19    When I try to fill a box, I get a diagonal line instead!

    This is a bug that occurs when you use "Zoom" (in the pulldown menu
    under the "View" bar just below the filename).  It occurs only when
    "View" is different than "x1".  Use "Zoom" for text only.  If you want
    to zoom in on a graphics object, inside the frame use the pullright
    menu option Misc->View->Magnify->Larger.


4.20    Big blank white squares

    On some systems, after you dismiss a menu or other popup over the
    desktop, the space under the menu will remain as a blank white square,
    instead of refreshing.  The fix for this is to edit the .Xdefaults file
    and add:
        Ileaf.popup.saveUnder:  true
    This behavior seems common on systems running the MIT X11R5
    server. Note that the precise capitalization of the string
    Ileaf.popup.saveUnder is critical.



4.21    How do I start a new page with component xyzzy?

    Select the component xyzzy, open its props, and click on Page props.
    Set the start new page to Yes.


4.22    How do I line up columns?  Spaces don't work.

    Use tabs and set the spacing on the Tab Property sheet for the
    component.  You can also use this to align numbers on a decimal
    point.  Better yet, use tables.


4.23    How do I combine two separate documents into one?

    Select the first document and open it.  Select the second document
    and cut it.  Now move to the point in the open document you want to
    place the cut document, and execute paste in the COMPONENT BAR.


4.24    What useful lisp scripts come with Interleaf?

    If your administrator has installed Leafware from the distribution
    tape, you have access to a many UNSUPPORTED lisp scripts.  One that
    may prove useful is keyboard-typo (a better name is auto-quote).
    This automatically puts in an open qoute or close quote as required;
    it also changes the - to a hyphen instead of a minus sign.  Another
    useful script is iconify, which allows you to hide your open document
    window and gives you back your desktop space so you can find another
    document.  There is also a script to mail an ascii stripfiltered
    version of your document to a person you specify.

    Interleaf 6.2 for Win95/NT no longer has the typo script.  It does
    support some of the script's features in the Tools -> Preferences
    command (which replaces Interleaf 5's Profile Tool).


4.25    What is "Interleaf-J" ?

    That's the Japanese (kanji) version of Interleaf.  It is reported to
    have slightly greater memory/swap requirements than the English
    version.


4.26    How do I email Interleaf documents?

    There are several ways you can email Interleaf documents:

      o  If you know the recipient has Interleaf, you can use one
       of two methods:

           - Save the document as Interleaf ASCII, then include it in a
         mail file

       - Using OpenLook Mailtool, send the normal (binary) Interleaf
         document as an attachment.  The mailtool encodes the binary
         file for you so it mails successfully.  It will complain if
         the document is too large.  Also, it must be manually decoded
         if the recipient is not working in an Openwindows environment.

         Refer to the OpenWindows documentation for more information.

         Note that this only works in OpenWindows version 3, not in
         version 2.  Version 3 doesn't run on 3/xx machines - it would
         be safer to stick to ASCII if you're not sure what machine
         your recipient is using.

    o  If the recipient does not have Interleaf, you can strip the
       Interleaf document down into a plain ascii file which you can
       then load into a mail file.  This method is fine if you just
       want to transfer text, but you lose any graphics in frames.

    The instructions below are for people with not much experience at
    using mail, so they're fairly detailed. They also had to cover
    people who don't have workstations, so it includes instructions on
    using the mail program rather than the mailtool.

    Sending a Document
    ------------------
    To send an Interleaf document through email, follow this procedure.

    1.  In Interleaf, save the document in ASCII (Save->ASCII)

    2.  Mail the ASCII file with one of the following methods:

      a. Redirect the file into the mail message with a single
         command. For example,

         %mail andrew < ~/desktop/whatsup.doc

      b. Enter the mail environment or open a mailtool and then
         read in the file. Use this method if you wish to preface or
         follow the document you are sending with text. For example,

         In the mail environment:
           1)  Type mail andrew
           2)  Enter any required text.
           3)  Type ~r ~/desktop/whatsup.doc
           4)  Enter CONTROL D or a period (.) alone on a line
           to end the message.

         Using a mailtool (SunView):
           1)  Press the Compose button to bring up a compose window.
           2)  Fill in the To, Subject, and Cc fields.
           3)  Enter any required text.
           4)  Read in the document:
           i. In the message area, type in the pathname of the
              document, eg, ~/desktop/whatsup.doc.
          ii. Highlight the pathname and then execute the
              "File->Include File" option on the menu.
           5)  Hit the Deliver button.

         Using a mailtool (OpenWindows):
           1)  Press the Compose button to bring up a compose window.
           2)  Fill in the To, Subject, and Cc fields.
           3)  Enter any required text.
           4)  Load in the document:
           i. In the message area, execute File > Include file
          ii. Enter the name of the document in the popup & press
              the "Include File" button.
           5)  Hit the Deliver button in the Mailtool to send the mail.

    When the document is inserted into the mail message, it is in
    ASCII format. The first line is always:

      <!OPS, Version = 6.4>       (for Interleaf 4 documents)
      <!OPS, Version = 8.0>       (for Interleaf 5 documents)

    Text preceding this line must be deleted by the recipient before
    the converting the file back to an Interleaf document.

    Receiving a Document
    --------------------
    To convert a file received through mail back into an Interleaf
    document, follow the procedure shown below.

    Using the mail environment:

      1.  Change into your desktop directory and enter the mail
          environment.

        andrew% cd ~/desktop
        andrew% mail

      2.  Save the appropriate mail message into a file. In the
          following example, the header command lists the headers of
          a user's mail messages. The user saves message #2 into a
          file named whatsup.doc.

          &h
           U 1 fred@sun1      Fri Jan 19 10:09   41/1043  message from bill
           >  2 dick          Fri Jan 19 15:37   68/2362  What's Up Doc?
          &save 2 whatsup.doc
          "whatsup.doc" [New file] 68/2363

          If you do a Custom -> Rescan, you will see the Interleaf
          document icon is now your desktop. DON'T open it yet - goto
          step 3 below to edit out the mail header and any other extra
          text first.

    Using a mailtool (SunView):

    1.  Open the mailtool and Show the appropriate message.
    2.  Save the appropriate mail message into a file in your desktop
        directory. For example, type the following at the mailtool
        "File:" prompt:

         ~/desktop/whatsup.doc

        then hit the Save button. If you do a Custom -> Rescan, you
        will see the Interleaf document icon is now your desktop.
        DON'T open it yet - goto step 3 below to edit out the mail
        header and any other extra text first.

    Using a mailtool (OpenWindows):

    1.  Open the mailtool and View the appropriate message.
    2.  Save the appropriate mail message into a file in your desktop
        directory by entering the pathname of the file in the "Mail
        File" field (e.g. ~/desktop/whatsup.doc) and pressing the "Move"
        button.

        If you do a Custom -> Rescan, you will see the Interleaf
        document icon is now your desktop. DON'T open it yet - goto
        step 3 below to edit out the mail header and any other extra
        text first.

    The next four steps are the same whatever mail environment you use.

      3.  In a shell window, edit the file on your desktop.
      4.  Delete all lines up to the line <!OPS, Version = 8.0>.
          This must be the first line of the file in order for it
          to convert back to an Interleaf document.
      5.  Save the file.
      6.  Back in Interleaf, open the file icon on your desktop.


4.27    How can I email a Postscript version of an Interleaf doc?

    You create a PostScript version of the document and email that -
    useful if your recipient doesn't have Interleaf but does have a
    PostScript printer.

    Procedure
    ---------
    If you don't have Postscript set up as an option on your printer
     menu, you have to print to Printerleaf then filter the Printerleaf
    to Postscript as follows:

    1. Print the document to a Printerleaf file
       ( Print -> Document -> <Printerleaf> )
       The Printerleaf file will be placed on your desktop.

    2. INTERLEAF 4:

     /interleaf/tps4.0/sysio/ps/pl2ps -T pslw+ < printerleaf_file > ps_file

       INTERLEAF 5:

     /interleaf/ileaf5/bin/pl2ps -i printerleaf_file -o ps_file

    3. Mail the PostScript file.

       The recipient must delete everything up to the line

              %!PS-Adobe-


4.28    How do I stop a document from opening once it has started?

        Hit CTRL-G to cancel the open.


4.29    How can I get Revision Bars to stay on when I'm working in
    a document - I don't want to have to keep turning them on all
    the time.

    To get Revision Bars to appear wherever you add new text in a
    document, set the text property to "persistent Rev Bars" when you
    first open your document:

     1. Move the cursor up into the Text properties box in the doc
        header (probably says something like <Default Text Props> or
        American-English or at the moment)

     2. Execute Rev Bars -> Persistent from the pulldown menu

    This will create a rev bar for every new line of text you write,
    as you write it, even in new components you create.  This is more
    automatic than the old method of turning rev bars ON then typing -
    whenever you moved the text cursor, the rev bars would turn
    themselves off.

    Even with persistent rev bars, they can get turned off if you
    start doing fancy things with text properties, but generally this
    works.

    If you want a record of stuff you remove as well as change and
    add, then you need to look into Revision Tracking, and that's
    another story...


4.30    How do I change the size of the Interleaf desktop on startup?

    The default size of the desktop when you run Interleaf 5 under
    OpenWindows is annoyingly small. You can change the size of the
    window in two ways - using the -geometry startup option or by
    adding a line to your .Xdefaults.

    -geometry startup option
    ------------------------

    /interleaf/ileaf5/bin/ileaf -geometry 1062x869+0+0

    This will give you a window the full height of the screen,
    with an icon-sized gap on the right hand size.

    .Xdefaults
    ----------
    Add the following line to your $HOME/.Xdefaults file:

       Ileaf.geometry:    1141x869+0+0

    This makes the desktop window cover the whole screen top to
    bottom, and leaves an icon-width strip down the right-hand side of
    the screen for all your other OpenWindows applications & tools.


4.31    How do I save the state of my desktop from one session to the next
    (so containers etc are left open)?

    Use the command-line argument -restore when you start up
    Interleaf. This will open the desktop in the state you left it
    at the end of the last session, complete with open containers &
    documents.

    [So long as all open documents are saved, Interleaf should let
    you exit in the normal way. It won't let you exit with unsaved
    open documents - you get the message "Cannot Exit the desktop
    until you Save or Close these documents".  So all you do is
    save without closing, then exit.]


5.    Platform-Specific questions


5.1    DEC VMS

    Note: Most of this information can be found in the RELEASE NOTES.


5.1.1    What are the most common issues users encounter when installing and
    configuring Interleaf 5 on DEC VMS?

    To install Interleaf 5, a minimum of 20K free disk blocks is required
    on the system disk.  This is used as temporary file storage in
    SYS$UPDATE during VMSINSTAL.  This is temporary file storage, not
    permanent.  Should the installation fail due to insufficient disk space
    on the system disk, some files may be left kicking around in
    SYS$UPDATE.  These should be deleted prior to rerunning VMSINSTAL.

    In some cases, Interleaf 5 gets installed with incorrect file
    ownerships and file protections.  The installation procedure attempts
    to set the file ownership to SYSTEM.  This will fail if the identifier
    [SYSTEM] does not exist.  This can be fixed by setting the files
    ownership to [1,4], and resetting file protections to WORLD
    READ/EXECUTE.  For example:
        $ SET FILE/OWNER=[1,4]/PROT=W:RE disk:[dir...]*.*;*

    If the Interleaf top level home directory is created prior running
    VMSINSTAL, WORLD protections must be set to READ/EXECUTE.

    If running TPS4 and Interleaf 5 concurrently, do not change the IWS
    symbol definition for Interleaf 5 as this is called for other routines
    such as PRINTER_INSTALL and LICENSE_INSTALL.

    Do not install FMU in the Interleaf 5 hierarchy.  This will cause
    problems with LICENSE_INSTALL and possibly other routines.


5.1.2    What can I do to increase the performance of Interleaf 5 under VMS?

    Some performance gains can be acquired by properly tuning the system.
    Adjusting working sets so that the Interleaf user has access to all
    available free memory can help.  This can be done by doing the
    following:

    Run WSMAX.COM to find out how large the SYSGEN parameter WSMAX can be
    set.
        $ @IWS5$BIN:WSMAX
    Add the value that WSMAX.COM provided to MODPARAMS.DAT

        $ SET DEFAULT SYS$SYSTEM:
        $ EDIT MODPARAMS.DAT
    (add or modify the value of MIN_WSMAX to the one provided by WSMAX.COM)

    Modify the UAF records for the Interleaf user(s) by setting their
    WSEXTENT to be equal to the value supplied by WSMAX.COM

        $ RUN AUTHORIZE
        UAF> MODIFY user/WSEXT=XXXXX !where user = the Interleaf username
        and XXXXX = WSMAX
        UAF> EXIT

    Now run Autogen to set the SYSGEN param WSMAX and reboot
        $ @SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN SAVPARAMS SETPARAMS
        $ @SYS$SYSTEM:SHUTDOWN
    When the system comes back up, these changes should be in place.


5.2    DOS

5.2.1    How is the performance of Interleaf on the DOS platform?

    One may assume that since Interleaf is often slow on a workstation,
    it must be unbearable on a DOS machine.  "Not so!", say the DOS
    Interleaf users.  Bob Morris reports that his 33mHz 486 with 8MB
    memory and a 12ms IDE disk is faster than his SPARCstation 1.
    Note that most workstation users have to deal with multitasking
    operating systems that do not dedicate 100% of their cycles to
    running Interleaf, plus they often NFS-mount the executables and/or
    the data.  A workstation with a fast local disk would be a different
    story.


5.2.2    How can I run stuff from the command line under DOS?

    With I5 DOS all of the filters and print programs are implemented as
    Dynamic Link Libraries (DLL's).  This means that the command line
    invocation requires a slight twist.  All of the same I5 programs exist
    (pl2ps for example) but have an extension of ".i5".  These files must
    be run from the command line with the loader "i5load.exe".  The way to
    run the filters is then (while cd'd to \ileaf5\bin):

    C:\ILEAF5\BIN> I5LOAD PL2PS.I5 -v -ppd NULL.PPD -i docname.pl -o docname.ps



6.0    Interleaf 6

    Interleaf 6.0 offers very little absolute new functionality
    over Interleaf 5. The release is mainly intended to offer a
    system more easily used by people familiar with X-windows and
    Microsoft Windows.

    A brief personally edited list of some typical differences,
    written by Bob Morris, follows.  For how to get more detailed
    information, see the Appendix below.

    a. The UI is conformant to Motif and incorporates some Windows
       features.

    b. Multiple property sheets can be open at one time.

    c. Online documentation is hypertext, based on WorldView.

    d. Search and Replace is improved.

    e. Editable text can be rotated 90 degrees.

    f. Initial content of componets can call Lisp functions for
       computationally determined content, e.g. the current date.

    g. Printer administration is simplified.


7.0    Cyberleaf

    Cyberleaf is an Interleaf product for the creation and
    management of Webs in the WorldWide Web.  It translates
    to HTML (the WWW format) from several popular formats,
    including WordPerfect 5.x, Microsoft Word 6.0, Interleaf,
    plain text, and (without change) HTML.  The software allows
    a point-and click creation of hypertext links, translates
    links from those source documents which support them, and
    arranges for the deposit of the resulting Web in a
    specified location.  Styles in the input document can be
    mapped to particular HTML styles at the choice of the user.

    The Unix version of Cyberleaf 1.0 was released in
    February, 1995.  Requirements:

        Sun Sparc2/IPX (or greater)
        under Sun OS 4.1.x, or Solaris 2.x
        24mB RAM, 65mB disk, 64mB swap

        HP 700/8xx
        under HP-UX v9.x
        32mB RAM, 65mB Disk, 64mB Swap

        IBM RS/6000
        under AIX 3.2.x
        32mB RAM, 64mB Disk, 64mB Swap

        Dec AXP
        under OSF/1
        48mB RAM, 64mB Disk, 64mB Swap

    Cyberleaf version 2.0 is available for Windows NT and Windows 95.

    Cyberleaf and other Interleaf product information is available
    on the Web at http://www.interleaf.com.


7.1    Cyberleaf + Interleaf 6.2

    A package bundling Cyberleaf 2.0 for Windows NT/95 and Interleaf
    6.2 for Windows NT/95 is available from Interleaf.


8.0    Intellecte/BusinessWeb

    Intellecte/BusinessWeb is an application template that
    provides a web browser user interface to Interleaf RDM
    repositories and WorldView collections.  Once installed,
    BusinessWeb runs on top of an HTTP server.  When users
    visit a specific URL, they are taken to the BusinessWeb
    homepage and then navigate to a Search page.  This is
    how users "extract" documents from the RDM or WV locations.
    Files matching the query string are returned in a list.
    The files are either downloaded to the user's disk or
    viewed in a helper application.

    Intellecte/BusinessWeb 1.2 is currently shipping on
    Sun OS 4, Solaris, DEC-AXPOSF, HP-UX, IBM-RS6000.
    Clients running a browser on any platform can use
    BusinessWeb.  The platform lists refers only to
    where the server can be installed and run from.

    Customers' Web administrators can modify all the source
    code and HTML files shipped with BusinessWeb to create a
    site-customized solution.

    BusinessWeb CheckIn is an add-on component to BusinessWeb
    that allows users to not only check out files from an
    RDM repository from their browser, but also check new
    files in.


Appendix: Other sources of information


A.1.1    Bob Morris has an ANONYMOUS FTP site at UMASS-Boston.
    On ftp.cs.umb.edu, see the /pub/interleaf directory.  Many
    LISP scripts such as "autodate"are in the /pub/interleaf/lisp
    directory.  Contributions of interesting LISP scripts are welcome.
    The comp.text.interleaf newsgroup is archived in /pub/news, and
    comp.text.sgml and maybe some other stuff may be archived soon.
    comp.text.interleaf is also available from cs.umb.edu's GOPHER
    server.

    These archvives can be accessed via gopher against
    ftp.cs.umb.edu in the interleaf directory, or on the World Wide
    Web at     http://ftp.cs.umb.edu/interleaf.  The Interleaf-UMB
    University program for US university site licenses is
    referenced in http://www.cs.umb.edu/~serl.

A.1.2    Many local Interleaf user groups and other companies/organizations
    publish their own NEWSLETTERS.  The following user groups are known
    to exist:

    Interleaf Sweden User Group (ISUG)
    c/o Per Hallenborg
    Vattenfall Fuel
    S-162 87 Stockholm
    Sweden
    Email: [e-mail]
    Phone: [phone]

    Interleaf users in Norway and Finland are welcome.  Meets twice a
    year, spring and fall.  About 50 members.  Publishes newsletter
    ISUG-BLADET (subscriptions available).

    Club des Utilisateurs Interleaf (CUI France)
    9 Avenue Franklin Roosevelt
    75008 Paris
    France
    Email: [e-mail]
    Web: Http://www.cui.fr
    Phone: [phone]

    Official French user group.  More than 30 French companies
    represented.  Meets in Paris.

A.2    Interleaf has a Web server at www.interleaf.com.



*** END OF INTERLEAF FAQ ***
================================================================================
Bob Morris    Dept. of Math and CS, UMASS-Boston, Boston, MA 02125-3393
[e-mail]    telephone [phone]