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1979-12-31
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|| ELECTRONIC FLASHCARDS - BEGINNING JAPANESE ||
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DOOZO YOROSHIKU HAJIMEMASHITE
The study of Japanese language and culture can be a rewarding,
lifelong experience. The complexity of the Japanese language
cannot be denied but the basics of the language are not difficult
to grasp. English is a language with as many quirks (albeit
different ones) as Japanese.
Even if you know all the rules of a language, you still can't
communicate in it unless you have a vocabulary. The only way to
build a vocabulary is by rote memorization. It was how you
learned your basic addition and multiplication tables. From that
point on, you were able to use the rules of mathematics - to
speak its language.
Electronic Flashcards takes the same approach. Just as you may
have used flashcards in elementary school to master simple
addition, we present a basic Japanese vocabulary. Many of the
lessons also present a number of the patterns necessary for
expressing yourself in an appropriate Japanese sentence
structure. Study them. Memorize them. There is no substitute.
All material in the Electronic Flashcard system is presented in
romaji (English character representation of Japanese syllables).
On the computer screen, examples may be presented in Hiragana or
Katakana as well as romaji.
The program presents a number of options for studying and
reviewing the material. Start by selecting Japanese to English
translation. Test yourself, sequentially at first, in one
category at a time. Graduate to random testing in one category,
and finally to random testing throughout the entire lesson. Then
try the English to Japanese translation option using the same
pattern of testing.
To keep costs of the product down, we have not printed fancy
documentation, nor do we have a toll-free support phone number.
Instead, we have made the programs as self-instructing as
possible. We encourage you to help us improve the product by
sending your suggestions and/or questions to us at:
KAIZEN SOFTWARE
PO Box 1333
Richland, WA 99352
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|| OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS ||
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In general, when running the program, do not type a carriage
return enter key after your responses unless instructed by the
symbol <ENTER>.
--------------- START - UP ----------------
Boot your computer. If using floppy disks, place the Electronic
Flashcards disk into a disk drive that you are not using for the
DOS operating system files, and set the default to that drive
(e.g., B: <ENTER>). If using a hard disk, set the default to
the hard disk subdirectory (e.g., CD \JAPANESE <ENTER>).
---------- RUNNING THE FLASHCARDS ---------
To run the flashcard program type JAPANESE <ENTER>. An
introductory screen appears. Type <ENTER> when finished reading
it. A screen appears which asks you to specify how the examples
will be presented to you. You may choose a range of examples;
whether they should be displayed sequentially or randomly;
whether the translations should be English -> Japanese, Japanese
-> English, or mixed; whether kana and/or romaji should be
displayed, and which of the kana symbol sets should be used.
After choosing the presentation options, the program will
continuously present examples on the screen for you to translate.
Type your answer followed by <ENTER>. A suggested translation
appears below your answer. If you type X <ENTER> instead of an
answer, the session is ended and you are returned to the lesson
selection menu. If you type R <ENTER>, a rule or hint will be
presented below the bottom box and you will be given a second
opportunity to make a translation (note: there are no rules or
hints for the Phrases for Travellers lesson). The speed at which
the kana are drawn can be varied by typing S <ENTER>. These
responses also work when typed in response to the "Did you get it
right?" question, but omit the <ENTER>.
----------- LISTING THE EXAMPLES -----------
With the full Electronic Flashcard system, list programs are
included which allow customizable lists of the examples and
translations (including kana) to be printed to the screen and
Epson-graphics or HP-LaserJet compatible printers. Epson is a
registered trademark of Seiko Epson Corporation. LaserJet is a
registered trademark of Hewlett-Packard, Inc.
---------- NOTES ON KANA DISPLAY -----------
Not all computers are capable of displaying the graphics
required to present the Hiragana and Katakana on the screen.
Generally, a graphics card and compatible monitor are necessary.
For the IBM-PC/XT/AT and clones, these cards will follow what are
known as CGA, EGA or VGA standard. All IBM PS/2 computers follow
the VGA standard. Even if your computer does not have a graphics
card, you can still display all the examples in romaji. The
following is a summary of the Electronic Flashcard program and
the List program capabilities in each graphics mode.
NO GRAPHICS - all displays are in romaji, no kana is possible.
CGA GRAPHICS - examples, suggested translations, and your
translation may be displayed in Hiragana or
Katakana.
EGA GRAPHICS - same as CGA graphics.
VGA GRAPHICS - same as CGA graphics.
In CGA/EGA/VGA GRAPHICS mode, when typing in your
translation your romaji characters will be translated into kana
as you type them. Certain conventions are required to reflect
the proper kana equivalent for some romaji words. These
conventions are as follows:
For the particle o : hold <ALT> and type o (or type wo)
For the particle e : hold <ALT> and type e (or type he)
For the particle wa : hold <ALT> and type wa (or type ha)
When the romaji oo
becomes kana ou : type o then hold <CTRL> (or type ou)
and type o
Kana for ji based on
chi rather than shi : type dji (or type di)
For the Katakana
elongated vowel mark
for words of foreign
origin : type _ [underscore]
Typing the Del key will delete what you have typed and all associated
kana, and give you a chance to retype your response.
These conventions are listed in the help information which can
be displayed in the program by typing H <ENTER> when the screen asks
for your translation, or when the screen asks if you got it right.
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|| DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY ||
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While Kaizen Software has invested considerable time and money to
create a high quality product, the user must assume the risk of
using this software. There is no guarantee that the functions
contained in the programs will meet your requirements or that the
operation of the programs will be error free.
Kaizen Software makes no warranty of any kind, either express or
implied, with respect to the design or use of the software program
and/or the supporting documentation. Kaizen Software expressly
disclaims all warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
particular purpose. Kaizen Software provides the software
program "as is" without warranty of any kind.
In no event will Kaizen Software be held liable for any loss,
expenses, or damage, of any kind, whatsoever, whether direct,
indirect, incidental, or consequential arising from the design or
use of the software programs or supporting paper documentation.
Some states do not allow the exclusion of incidental or
consequential damages, so the above limitation may not apply to
you.
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|| ELECTRONIC FLASHCARDS - BEGINNING JAPANESE ||
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|| Lessons in the complete system ||
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------------------------ TERM 1 ------------------------
LESSON A: Phrases for Topics: Conversation
travellers Shopping
Hotel and eating
Sightseeing
LESSON B: Basic sentence Topics: Polite verbs
structure Particles
Questions and answers
Linking
LESSON C: Noun drill Topics: People
(vocabulary) Places
Things
Abstract
LESSON D: Verb drill Topics: Plain and polite forms
(vocabulary) Non-past and past
Affirmative and negative
------------------------ TERM 2 ------------------------
LESSON E: Noun Modifiers Topics: the Particle NO
Qualitative nouns
Adjectives
Conjugation
LESSON F: Numbers and time Topics: Number drill
Math and money
Time
Counters/classifiers
LESSON G: -TE verb forms Topics: -TE form drill
-TE IMASU
-TE patterns
LESSON H: Verb modifiers Topics: Adverbs
Quantity
Adjective/Adverb conversion
SURU/NARU
------------------------ TERM 3 ------------------------
LESSON I: Relative clauses Topics: Relative clauses
KOTO/NO
Time clauses
Purpose
LESSON J: Other verb forms Topics: Invitation/reporting
Wanting/desiring
Obligation
Conditional
LESSON K: Questions and Topics: Interrogatives
requests Requests
Tentative statements
Indirect questions
LESSON L: Particles and Topics: NI/DE
connectives KA/MO/O
Connectives
An order form can be printed on your printer by typing:
PRINT ORDER.FRM <ENTER>
or write to us for further information at:
KAIZEN SOFTWARE
PO BOX 1333
RICHLAND WA 99352
(C) 1989, 1990, 1991 by Kaizen Software. All rights reserved.