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midistos.doc
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1985-11-19
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**********************************
* -------- MIDISTOS -------- *
* STOS utility package *
* By Russell Moll *
**********************************
**********************************
* This package is SHAREWARE. If *
* you find this useful, please *
* send $10 to: *
* *
* Russell Moll *
* 728 Meadowbrook Dr. *
* N. Tonawanda, NY 14120 *
* *
* This package represents months *
* of time and effort. *
**********************************
**********************************
Installation
**********************************
This package contains the following
files:
MIDI.BAS - Basic MIDI player
routines.
MIDI.PRG - Assembly MIDI player
routines.
MIDIPLAY.BAS - Example program
using assembly
routines.
MUSIC2.ACB - STOS music accesory
modified to read and
play MIDI notes.
Replace your current music
accesory with MUSIC2.ACB. Use MIDI.PRG
for optimum performance to play STOS
music through the MIDI port. Use
MIDI.BAS for the same thing if
MIDI.PRG does not work for some
reason. Run MIDIPLAY.BAS for an
example of using MIDI.PRG.
*************************************
MIDI.PRG INSTRUCTIONS
*************************************
1. Load your basic program.
2. Reserve a memory bank as data 5000
bytes large.
3. Load the binary file MIDI.PRG into
the memory bank. Use BLOAD.
4. Load in the music file (memory bank
3).
5. At the start of the program
initialize:
AREG(4)=START(3)
AREG(5)=START(x)+1924
where x is the bank MIDI.PRG
resides in.
6. Before the music is played, Set:
DREG(7)=MUSNUM
where MUSNUM is the music
number.
DREG(6)=P1
where P1 is the synth tone #
for channel 1.
Use -1 if the tone is
specified in the music.
DREG(5)=P2
where P2 is the synth tone #
for channel 2.
Use -1 if the tone is
specified in the music.
DREG(4)=P3
where P3 is the synth tone #
for channel 3.
Use -1 if the tone is
specified in the music.
Note that the tone numbers start
at zero, MUSNUM starts at one.
7. To start the music use:
CALL START(x)
where x is the bank
containing MIDI.PRG
8. You must use the following command
in a loop to continually play
music:
CALL START(x)+530
where x is the bank
containing MIDI.PRG
9. To end the music use:
DREG(7)=0 : CALL START(x)
where x is the bank
containing MIDI.PRG
Check out the file MIDIPLAY.BAS to
see an example using this method.
**************************************
MIDI.BAS INSTRUCTIONS
**************************************
1. Merge the file MIDI.BAS into your
program.
2. Set MUSNUM to the music number,
PA1 to the synth tone number
of channel 1, or
to -1 if the tone is specified in the music
PA2 to the synth tone number
of channel 2, or
to -1 if the tone is
specified in the music
PA3 to the synth tone number
of channel 3, or
to -1 if the tone is
specified in the music
3. To start the music:
GOSUB 60000
4. To continually play the music, you
must have this in the main loop:
GOSUB 61000
5. To end the music:
GOSUB 62000
**************************************
MUSIC2.ACB INSTRUCTIONS
**************************************
This is a modified version of the
music accessory that came with STOS.
Now it is much easier to enter music
with this accesory. You can enter
notes using your synth in one of
three input modes. Also, music can be
played back through the synth and
tones can be specified.
1. Configuring the MIDI input:
a) Under the TOOLS menu, select
"Setup MIDI".
b) Left Click on the Input Mode
Bar to choose between the three
modes.
c) Right click on the Tempo Bar to
increase the tempo (number of
quarter notes input in a
minute).
d) Left click on the Tempo Bar to
decrease the tempo.
e) Left or Right click on the
Resolution Bar to change the
resolution (smallest note that
can be input).
f) Left Click OK to enter those
values, or CANCEL to exit.
2. Playing in MANUAL mode:
Try different keys on the synth
until you find the note you want.
Hold down the key for the desired
duration. When you have a note of the
desired frequency and duration, press
return to enter the note.
Note that the C5 key (midi code
84, highest on the keyboard for the
CASIO MT240) will not return a note
in this mode, but is used for
entering rests.
Hit any Tone key on the synth,
then return to change the tone.
Hit Rhythm key 2 to transpose down
an octave, key 3 to transpose up an
octave then return to enter it (midi
codes 1, and 2).
3. Playing in AUTO mode:
This works the same as MANUAL mode
except that notes are entered
automatically, you don't have to hit
return.
4. Playing in TIMED mode:
This mode is used for real-time
playing. Hit Rhythm Key 1 (midi code
0), or any key on the synth keyboard
to start playing. While no keys are
being pressed, rests are entered in
this mode. It works almost like a
recorder.
Hit Rhythm Key 1 (midi code 0) to
stop playing.
Key C5 enters its note as normal.
All other keys work the same as
the other modes.
5. Playing Back the Music
a) Choose PLAY or PUT AND PLAY as
normal from the menu.
b) If the tones are not specified
in the music, then first hit a
number key corrosponding to the
channel (1,2, or 3). Then hit
two more digits corrosponding
to the two-digit tone number.
Do this for each channel.
c) Hit M to start or stop the MIDI
music.
d) All other keys work as normal.
**************************************
HARDWARE CONSIDERATIONS
**************************************
This package was developed using a
CASIO MT-240. This is a fairly
primitive synthesizer (although it
has high quality tone banks). I
cannot guarantee that all features
will work on all synths, however the
features implemented are basic enough
that there should not be any major
problems. Of course, none of the
features of more expensive synths are
implemented. Probably the most
problems you may have would be with
the keys used as input in the
MUSIC.ACB accesory. That is why I
have given the MIDI codes in the
documentation. If you do not have a
synth, I recommend the CASIO-MT240
for beginners, or computer hobbiests
like me. The sound quality is high
for many of the tones (some tones do
fade in the low range). It has a
great Piano tone. Also, it is
inexpensive (I saw one at a Hills for
$99).