GEMini Atari

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066030303030000132006006006006000 1Graphics Library v1.0Turbo C v2.0 Compatible0 2Copyright (c) 1992Page #0 F0110030001 9[....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....]0110 Ç GraphicsLibraryv1.1 ===================== for LatticeCv5.06,SozobonCv2.0and Heat&ServeSozobonCv1.33i ü**FREEWARE** Ç Copyright(c)1992 by KennethW.Hartlen Box37,Site6,RR#3,Armdale,NovaScotia B3L4J3Canada Internetaddress:hartlenk@newton.ccs.tuns.ca August6,1992 TurboCv2.0isaregisteredtrademarkofBorlandInternational, Inc.Copyright(c)1988. LatticeCv5.06isatrademarkorregisteredtrademarkofHiSoft andLattice,Inc.Copyright(c)1990-91. SozobonCversionmadepossiblewiththeuseof: IanLepore's .......GEMFASTVDI&AESLibrary DavidW.Brooks'...FloatingPointLibraryforSozobonC Ç__________________________________________________________________ üPurpose Ç__________________________________________________________________ DoyouhaveanyTurboCcodethatyou'dliketorunonyour ST/STe/TT,butitusesthegraphicslibrary?Wouldyouliketobe abletodisplaygraphicswithoutexploringGEM'sVDIfunctions?If yousaid"Yes!!!"toeitherofthesequestions,thenmygraphics libraryisforyou. ThisisagraphicslibraryforLatticeCv5.06,SozobonC v2.0andIanLepore'sHeat&ServeSozobonCcompilersthat providesgraphicfunctionswithouthavingtodelveintotheVDI functionsofGEM.Ratherthancomeupwithmyowngraphicfunction names,IusedthesamenamesasinTurboCv2.0andprovidedthe samefunctionality.ThiswaytheCcodeyouwriteonyour ST/STe/TTcanbeeasilyportedtothePCandcompiledwithTurboC withlittleornomodification.Andofcourse,portingTurboC codetoyourST/STe/TTwillbemucheasier. Althoughthelibraryisnot100%compatiblewithTurboC's library,itstillprovidesavaluablestartingpointinthetask ofportinggraphicintensiveTurboCcodebetweentheST/STe/TT andPC.Ofthe93graphicsfunctionsinTurboCv2.0,notallhave beenimplemented.Functionsnotimplementedarestilldocumented andhaveanbriefexplanationofwhyitisnotprovided. Ifthelibrarydoesn'tprovideallthefunctionalitydesired itisbecauseIdidn'tthinkitwasawidelyusedfunctionorit wasnotapplicabletotheSTorIdidn'thavethetechnical informationtoimplementit.Feelfreetosendanycommentsor suggestionsyouhaveforimprovingthelibrary.Mymailingaddress ande-mailaddressareonthetitlepage.I'mnotsurehowlong I'llhavetheInternetaddress,butitwon'thurttotryInternet. __________________________________________________________________ üFREEWARENotice Ç__________________________________________________________________ Ihadoriginallystartedbuildingthegraphicslibraryformy ownusesinceIhadalotofTurboCcodearoundthatwouldbe usefulonmyMEGAST2.SoIcreatedthislibrarytohelpportthe sourcecodetomyMEGAST2.Ifoundthegraphicslibrarysouseful thatIthoughtotherswouldbeinterestedanddecidedtorefine thelibraryandincludesomedetaileddocumentation. GraphicsLibraryv1.1isprovideasëFREEWAREÇ!!Youshouldnot havepaidmoney,withtheexceptionofmediacost,forthis graphicslibrary. GraphicsLibraryv1.1canbedistributedandusedëfreeof chargeÇandmayüNOTÇbesold,orusedin,ordistributedwith,a Çcommercialproductwithoutpriorwrittenconsentfromme. __________________________________________________________________ üDisclaimer Ç__________________________________________________________________ AlthoughI'vetestedthelibraryonmyexistingTurboCcode andwrittennumeroustestcasesthatexercisedallthefunctions,I can'tguaranteethatthisgraphicslibraryisbugfree.Therefore: GraphicsLibraryv1.1isprovidedüASISÇ.Imakeno warranties,eitherexpressedorimplied,withrespecttothe software,documentation,itslevelofcompatibility,quality, performance,orfitness.Iwillnotbeliablefordirect, indirect,orconsequentialdamagesresultingfromanydefectsin ormisuseofthesoftware. Havingsaidthat,IhopeyoufindGraphicsLibraryv1.1as usefulasIdo. __________________________________________________________________ üManifest Ç__________________________________________________________________ Thearchivefileügraphx11.zooÇcontainsseveralfilesin directoriesasfollows: übgidemo\ bgidemo.prgÇTurboC'sBGIdemoprogramcompiledwith LatticeCv5.0andGraphicsLibraryv1.1. Itcanberuninallresolutions. üdemos\ Çü lines.cÇasmalldemoprogramthatproducesaQix likeobjectonthescreen.Thisfilecan becompiledbyLattice,SozobonandTurbo C. ü sort.cÇasmalldemoprogramthatsortsalistof randomnumberusingshell,insertion, selectionandquicksortmethods.The processofsortingisshowngraphically. ThisfilecanbecompiledbyLattice, SozobonandTurboC. üdocs\Ç ügraphx11.docÇa1ÉSTÇWordPlusdocumentfilecontaining thegraphicslibrarymanual. ü graphx11.txtÇapureASCIIversionoftheabove.This isprovidedsothemanualcanbeprinted withyourfavouritehardcopyutility. Ç ülc_lib\Ç ügraphics.libÇtheLatticeCobjectmodulelibraryfile, builtwithLattice'süoml.ttpÇ,thatmust belinkedwithyourobjectfiles. ügraphics.hdrÇacompressedgraphicsheaderfileusedby LatticeCandcreatedusingLattice's ülcompact.ttpÇutilityprovidedwith LatticeC. ügraphics.hlcÇthegraphicslibraryheaderfileusedby LatticeCinpureASCII. üsoz_lib\ Ç ügraphics.aÇtheHeat&ServeSozobonCv1.33iand SozobonCv2.0objectmodulelibrary file,builtwithüar.ttpÇ,thatmustbe linkedwithyourobjectfiles. ügraphics.hszÇthegraphicslibraryheaderfileusedby SozobonCandHeat&ServeSozobonC. üextras\Ç ügemfst17.lzhÇSozobonCv2.0userswillhavetoinstall IanLepore'sGEMFASTVDI&AESlibraries beforemygraphicslibrarycanbeused. IfusingHeat&ServeSozobonCv1.33i youalreadyhavethislibrary. üfplib10b.arcÇSozobonCv2.0userswillhavetoinstall DavidW.Brooks'replacementfloating pointlibrarybeforemygraphicslibrary canbeused.IfusingHeat&Serve SozobonCv1.33iyoudon'tneedthis libray.  Ifanyofthesefilesaremissing,theoriginalügraphx11.zooÇ filehasbeentamperedwith.Pleaselocateacompleteügraphx11.zooÇ file.Ifyougiveacopytosomeoneelse,pleasedistributethe completearchiveandnotbitsandpieces.Thanks. __________________________________________________________________ üInstallation Ç__________________________________________________________________ Theinstallationprocedureisreallyquitesimple.There are twowaysthatthegraphicslibrarycanbeutilizedbyyourC compiler.Youcanplacethefilesintheappropriatedirectories usedbyCyourcompilerorsimplycopythemtoyourworking directorywhereyourCsourcecoderesides.Personally,Iprefer thefilestobeinthecompiler'sdirectoriessoyoudon'thaveto Çcopythefilesallovertheplacebeforeusingit. InstallationforLatticeCv5.06 Fromülc_lib\Çofügraphx11.zooÇ 1) copyügraphics.libÇ to \lc\lib\graphics.lib 2) copyügraphics.hlcÇ to \lc\headers\graphics.h 3) copyügraphics.hdrÇ to \lc\h\graphics.h InstallationforSozobonCv2.0 Fromüsoz_lib\Çofügraphx11.zooÇ 1) copyügraphics.aÇ to \sozo_20\lib\graphics.a 2) copyügraphics.hszÇ to \sozo_20\include\graphics.h 3)InstalltheGEMFASTlibrariesasoutlinedintheGEMFAST documentation. 4)Installthereplacementfloatingpointlibrariesas outlinedinthedocumentation. InstallationforHeat&ServeSozobonCv1.33i Fromüsoz_lib\Çofügraphx11.zooÇ 1) copyügraphics.aÇ üÇto \sozo_133i\lib\graphics.a 2) copyügraphics.hszÇ to \sozo_133i\include\graphics.h Pleaseensurethatthecorrectobjectfileiscopiedintothe \libdirectorybecausetheyarenotinterchangeable.The ügraphics.libÇfileisaLatticeCspecificobjectmodulelibrary fileandtheügraphics.aÇfileisaDRIobjectmodulelibraryfile usedbySozobonC. __________________________________________________________________ üUsingtheGraphicsLibrary Ç__________________________________________________________________ Tousethegraphicslibrary,allonemustdoisplacethe appropriateü#includeÇstatementinyourCcodesourcecodethat willusegraphicfunctions.Ifyouhaveinstalledthegraphics libraryintheCcompiler'sdirectoriesthensimplyinsertthe ü#include<graphics.h>Çstatementinyoursourcefile. Ifhowever,youdecidednottoinstallthegraphicslibrary inthecompiler'sdirectories,thenuseü#include"graphics.h"Ç (notethedoublequotes).Thiscausesthepreprocessortolookin thecurrentdirectoryfortheheaderfile.Ifnotfound,the compiler'sdirectory(\lc\hor\sozobon\include)issearched. êSozobonCuserspleasenote:ÇDuetoaproblemIencountered whencreatingthelibraryforSozobonC,youwillalsohavetoadd aü#defineÇtoyoursourcefile.ü#define__MAIN_SRC__Çmustbeplaced Çinthesourcefile,beforeü#include<graphics.h>Ç,thatcontains theümain()Çfunction.Thisisnecessarysothatthefourfunctions intheheaderfilearecompiledwithyoursourcecode.Forsome strangereasonthesefunctionscauseasystemcrashincludedin ügraphics.aÇ.Itriedseveralwaystoovercomethisproblemandthis isthesolutionIcameupwith.Itseemsabitmessy,butitworks fine.I'lltrytofindasolutiontothisproblem. êLatticeCuserspleasenote:ÇThegraphics.hfiledefines enumeratedtypesthatcontainduplicatevalues.LatticeC generateswarning#79whenduplicatevaluesareencounteredin enumeratedtypes.Toeliminatethesemessagessimplyincludethe argument-j79iwhenusinglc.ttp,asshownbelow,oraddittothe LC_OPTenvironmentvariable. Onceyoursourcecodehasbeencompiledintoobjectfiles, thegraphicslibrarymustbelinkedwithyourobjectfilesas follows: CompilingandlinkingwithLatticeC 1)lc.ttp-fm-j79imyprog.c 2)clinkc.o+myprog.o LIBgraphics.lib+lcm.lib+lcg.lib+lc.lib TOmyprog.prg 3) runmyprog.prg CompilingandlinkingwithSozobonCv2.0 1)cc-omyprog.prg-rmyprog.cgraphics.avdifast.a aesfast.a 2) runmyprog.prg CompilingandlinkingwithHeat&ServerSozobonCv1.33i 1)cc-omyprog.prgmyprog.cgraphics.alibm.avdifast.a aesfast.a 2) runmyprog.prg IfyoudecidetoüfreelyÇdistributeaprogramofyoursthat wascreatedwiththehelpofthislibraryhowaboutmentioning KennethW.Hartlen,IanLeporeandDavidW.Brooksinthecredits. Wearen'treceivinganymoneyforoureffortssoitwouldbenice toatleastseeournamesinlights!Thanks. ü**WARNING!!**ÇIfprogramsareabortedbeforeüclosegraph()Ç iscalledunpredicableresultswilloccurwhenyoutriedtorun anotherprogram.Makesurethataüclosegraph()Çisperformedbefore theprogramendsotherwiseyoushouldre-bootyoursystem. __________________________________________________________________ Ç üFutureEnhancements Ç__________________________________________________________________ Atthemomentthisgraphicslibrarysuitsmyneedsquite well.IwasabletocompileandrunallmyTurboCv2.0graphics code,writtenwhileinuniversity,onmyMEGAST2!Theonlyreal deviationfromTurboCisthefontcapabilitywiththe üinstalluserfontÇfunction.Thisgraphicslibrarysimplyuses variationsofthesystemfontusingüsettextstyleÇratherthan loadingdifferenttypefaces.Ihadconsideredallowingtheuseof GDOS,butI'munsureifitisreallynecessaryanditwouldlimit theuseofthelibrary. Ifyou'dliketoseesomethingadded,orchanged,toenhance compatiblitywithTurboC'sgraphicslibraryjustletmeknow. __________________________________________________________________ üWhat'sChanged? Ç__________________________________________________________________ July 16/92 Version1.0:UnleashedGraphicsLibraryonthemasses. August  6/92 Version 1.1:ü#defineÇswereaddedtoügraphics.hszÇtoprevent 'doubledefine'duringlinking.Thisproblemwas encounteredwhenM.A.Rahinattemptedtousethe librarywithHeat&ServeSozobonCv1.33i.Turbo C'sgraphicfunctionshaveverylongnamesandwhen truncatedto8characterscausedsomeduplicate functionnames.Forexample,üsettextjustifyÇand üsettextstyleÇtruncatedtoü_settextÇ.Someinternal variableswerealsorenamedtoavoidthe'double define'. __________________________________________________________________ üTheGraphicFunctions Ç__________________________________________________________________ Asmentionedearlier,thegraphicslibraryisTurboCv2.0 compatible,butnot100%compatibleandsomeminorvariations exist. êAside:ÇForthosefamiliarwithTurboC,IhadtheBGIDEMO.C filecompiledandrunningwithLatticeCinlessthananhour! Onlyminormodificationsusingü#ifdefÇswereneededtothe45K sourcefilesoitcouldbecompiledinLatticeorTurboC! Whatfollowsisacompletedescriptionofeachgraphic functionavailableinthelibrary.Functionsnotimplementedwill stillhaveabriefdescriptionandareasonwhyitwasnot Çimplemented.Ifyoudon'tagreewithmyreasoning,letmeknowwhy andI'llseewhatIcandoaboutimplementingitinafuture release. 9[....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....]0110 __________________________________________________________________ üarcÇ Draws a circular arc __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ voidfar arc(int äxÇ,int äyÇ,int ästangleÇ,int äendangleÇ, int äradiusÇ); üPurposearcÇdrawsanarcat(äxÇ,äyÇ)withthegivenäradiusÇ. ThearcisdrawnfromästangleÇtoäendangleÇ.If ästangleÇequalsäendangleÇacompletecircleisdrawn. ästangleÇandäendangleÇareanglesmeasuredindegrees goingcounterclockwise,with0degreesbeingat3 o'clock,90degreesat12o'clock,andsoon.The arcisdrawninthecurrentcolour,linestyleand thickness. __________________________________________________________________ übarÇ Draws a two-dimensional bar __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far bar(int äleftÇ, int ätopÇ, int ärightÇ,  int äbottomÇ); üPurposebarÇdrawsafilled-inrectangular,two-dimensional barusingthecurrentfillstyleandfillcolour. Thebarisnotoutlined,anoutlinedbarcanbe drawnusingtheübar3DÇfunctionswithaädepthÇof zero. Theupperleftcornerisdefinedby(äleftÇ,ätopÇ)and thelowerrightcornerby(ärightÇ,äbottomÇ). __________________________________________________________________ übar3dÇ Draws a 3-D bar __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far bar3d(int äleftÇ, int ätopÇ, int ärightÇ, int äbottomÇ,int ädepthÇ, int ätopflagÇ); üPurposeÇübar3dÇdrawsathree-dimensionalrectangularbar usingthecurrentfillstyleandfillcolour,then outlinesitwiththecurrentcolour,linestyleand thickness.The3DeffectisgovernedbyädepthÇand iftheätopflagÇisnonzero,the3Dbarwithbedrawn withatop. Theupperleftcornerisdefinedby(äleftÇ,ätopÇ)and thelowerrightcornerby(ärightÇ,äbottomÇ). Ç__________________________________________________________________ ücircleÇ Draws a circle __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void circle(int äxÇ, int äyÇ, int äradiusÇ); üPurposecircleÇdrawsacircleusingthecurrentcolour, linestyleandthicknessat(äxÇ,äyÇ)witharadius givenbyäradiusÇ.Thecircledrawnwillbeatrue circleinanyresolution,unlikethePCwherethe aspectratiohastobeadjustedappropriately. __________________________________________________________________ ücleardeviceÇ Clears the graphics screen __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far cleardevice(void); üPurposecleardeviceÇerasestheentiregraphicsscreenand setsthecurrentposition(CP)to(0,0). __________________________________________________________________ üclearviewportÇ Clears the current viewport __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far clearviewport(void); üPurposeÇüclearviewportÇerasestheviewportandsetscurrent position(CP)to(0,0)relativetotheviewport. __________________________________________________________________ üclosegraphÇ Shuts down the graphics system __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far closegraph(void); üPurposeclosegraphÇrestorestheoriginalcolourpalette, andclearsthescreen. __________________________________________________________________ üdetectgraphÇ Determinesgraphicsdriverandmodetouseby checkingthehardware __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far detectgraph(int far *ägraphdriverÇ, int far *ägraphmodeÇ); üPurposedetectgraphÇreturnsthemonitortypeinägraphdriverÇ andthegraphicsmodeinägraphmodeÇwhichindicates thehighestresolutionpossible.Ifnographics hardwareisdetected,ä*graphdriverÇissetto ägrNotDetectedÇandügraphresultÇwillreturn ägrNotDetectedÇ. Çä*graphdriverÇisanintegerthatindicatesthe drivertobeused.Youcanuseconstantsdefinedby theägraphics_driverÇenumerationtypeasshown below. ägraphics_driver Ç constant Numericvalue -------------------------------------- DETECT 0(autodetection) ... ..(CGA,EGA,VGA,etc) SC1224 11 SM124 12 TTC1432 13 TTM194 14 UNKNOWN_DRIVER 15 ä*graphmodeÇisanintegerthatindicatesthescreen modetobeused.Youcanuseconstantsdefinedby theägraphics_modeÇenumerationtypeasshownbelow.  ägraphics_mode Ç constant Numericvalue -------------------------------------- CGAC0 0 ... ..(CGA,EGA,VGA,etc) SC1224LO 0 SC1224MED 1 SM124HI 0 TTC1434LO 0 TTC1434MED 1 TTM194HI 1 UNKNOWN_MODE 0 __________________________________________________________________ üdrawpolyÇ Draws the outline of a polygon __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ voidfar drawpoly(int änumpointsÇ, int far ä*polypointsÇ); üPurposeÇüdrawpolyÇdrawsapolygonhavingänumpointsÇpoints usingthecurrentcolour,linestyleandthickness. äpolypointsÇseriesofänumpointsÇx2integers definingtheverticesforthepolygon.Eachpairof integersrepresentsan(x,y)coordinateofa vertex.Inordertodrawanenclosedpolygonhaving nverticesyoumustusepassn+1coordinates, wherethenÉthÇcoordinateequalsthe0ÉthÇ. ügraphresultÇwillreturnägrNoScanMemÇifanerror occursdrawingthepolygon. Ç__________________________________________________________________ üellipseÇ Draws an elliptical arc __________________________________________________________________ üSyntax Çvoid far ellipse(int äxÇ, int äyÇ,  int ästangleÇ, int äendangleÇ, int äxradiusÇ, int äyradiusÇ); üPurposeÇüellipseÇdrawsanellipticalarccenteredat(äxÇ,äyÇ) withahorizontalandverticalradiigivenby äxradiusÇandäyradiusÇusingthecurrentcolour,line styleandthickness.Theellipseisdrawnfrom ästangleÇtoäendangleÇ.IfästangleÇequalsäendangleÇa completeellipseisdrawn. ästangleÇandäendangleÇareanglesmeasuredindegrees goingcounterclockwise,with0degreesbeingat3 o'clock,90degreesat12o'clock,andsoon. __________________________________________________________________ üfillellipseÇ Draws and fills an ellipse __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇvoid far fillellipse(int äxÇ, int äyÇ, int äxradiusÇ, int äyradiusÇ); üPurposeÇüfillellipseÇdrawsanellipsecenteredat(äxÇ,äyÇ)with ahorizontalandverticalradiigivenbyäxradiusÇ andäyradiusÇ.Theellipseisfilledwiththecurrent fillstyleandcolour,thenoutlinedwiththe currentcolour,linestyleandthickness. __________________________________________________________________ üfillpolyÇ Draw and fill a polygon __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far fillpoly(int änumpointsÇ, int far ä*polypointsÇ); üPurposefillpolyÇdrawsapolygonhavingänumpointsÇpoints, fillsitwiththecurrentfillstyleandcolourand outlinesitusingthecurrentcolour,linestyle andthickness. äpolypointsÇisseriesofänumpointsÇx2integers definingtheverticesforthepolygon.Eachpairof integersrepresentsan(x,y)coordinateofa vertex.UnlikeüdrawpolyÇ,onlynverticesareneeded andüfillpolyÇtakescareofcreatinganadditional vertextoclosethepolygon. ügraphresultÇwillreturnägrNoScanMemÇifanerror occursdrawingthepolygon. Ç__________________________________________________________________ üfloodfillÇ Flood-fills a bounded region __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far floodfill(int äxÇ, int äyÇ, int äborderÇ); üPurposefloodfillÇfillsaboundedregiononthescreen startingfrom(äxÇ,äyÇ).Theboundedregionisdefined bythecolourspecifiedbyäborderÇ.Theregionis filledwiththecurrentfillstyleandcolour. __________________________________________________________________ ügetarccoordsÇ Gets coordinates of the last call to arc __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far getarccoords(struct arccoordstype  far ä*arccoordsÇ); üPurposegetarccoordsÇfillsintheüarccoordstypeÇstructure pointedtobyäarccoordsÇwiththeinformationabout thelastcalltoüarcÇ.üarccoordstypeÇisdefinedin graphics.handhasthefollowingstructure: structarccoordstype{ intx,y; intxstart,ystart,xend,yend; }; Thisinformationisespeciallyusefulifwanta linetomeetattheendofthearcortoconnect theendpointsofthearcwithastraightline. __________________________________________________________________ ügetaspectratioÇ Retrieves the current graphic mode's aspect ratio __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far getaspectratio(int far ä*xaspÇ, int far ä*yaspÇ); üPurposegetaspectratioÇplacesthewidthofascreenpixel inäxaspÇandtheheightofascreenpixelinäyaspÇ. Usingthesevaluesyoucancalculatethescreen's aspectratiobyäxaspÇ/äyaspÇ.Theaspectratiocan thenbeusedtodrawtruesquaresinany resolution. ägraphics_mode xasp yasp Ç---------------------------------- SC1224LO 338 372 SC1224MED 169 372 SM124HI 372 372 TTC1434LO ??? ??? TTC1434MED ??? ??? TTM194HI ??? ??? Ç __________________________________________________________________ ügetbkcolorÇ Returns the current background colour __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ int far getbkcolor(void); üPurposegetbkcolorÇreturnsthecurrentbackgroundcolourof thescreen.(SeeüsetbkcolorÇformoreinformation.) __________________________________________________________________ ügetcolorÇ Returns the current drawing colour __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ int far getcolor(void); üPurposegetcolorÇreturnthecurrentlinedrawingcolour. __________________________________________________________________ ügetdefaultpalette ÇReturns the palette definition structure __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ struct palettetype *far getdefaultpalette(void); üPurposegetdefaultpaletteÇreturnsapointertoüpalettetypeÇ structurethatcontainsthedefaultcolours. __________________________________________________________________ ügetdrivernameÇReturnsapointertoastringcontainingthename ofthecurrentgraphicsdriver __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ char *far getdrivername(void); üPurposegetdrivernameÇreturnsapointertoastringthat containsthenameofthegraphicsdriverbeing used. __________________________________________________________________ ügetfillpatternÇCopies a user-defined fill pattern into memory __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far getfillpattern(charfar ä*patternÇ); üPurposegetfillpatternÇcopiesthecurrentlyusedfill patternintomemorypointedtobyäpatternÇ. äpatternÇpointstoasequenceof8byteswitheach bytedefiningthepatternforalineinthe pattern.A1bitindicateswhichpixelsaretobe drawn. byte# charcontents patterntodraw Ç --------------------------------------------- 0 0xF0 11110000 1 0x8E 10001110 2 0xF4 11110100 3 0x14 00010100 4 0xF4 11110100 5 0x04 00000100 6 0x04 00000100 7 0x00 00000000 __________________________________________________________________ ügetfillsettings ÇGetsinformationaboutthecurrentfillpatternand colour __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far getfillsettings(struct fillsettingstype far ä*fillinfoÇ); üPurposegetfillsettingsÇfillsintheüfillsettingstypeÇ structurepointedtobyäfillinfoÇwiththe informationaboutthecurrentfillstyleand colour.üfillsettingstypeÇisdefinedingraphics.h andhasthefollowingstructure: structfillsettingstype{ intpattern; intcolor; }; Thereare39fillpatternsavailableforuse.Some arepredefinedintheenumeratedtypeäfill_patternsÇ andcorrespondascloselyaspossiblewithTurboC. äfill_patternsÇNumeric constant value -------------------------------------------------- EMPTY_FILL 0 fills with background colour SOLID_FILL 1 fills with fill colour LINE_FILL 2 --- fill LTSLASH_FILL 3 /// fill SLASH_FILL 4 /// fill with thick lines BKSLASH_FILL 5 \\\ fill with thick lines LTBKSLASH_FILL 6 \\\ fill HATCH_FILL 7 light hatch fill XHATCH_FILL 8 heavy cross hatch fill INTERLEAVE_FILL 9 interleaving line fill WIDE_DOT_FILL 10 widely spaced dot fill CLOSE_DOT_FILL 11 closely spaced dot fill USER_FILL 12 use user defined fill __________________________________________________________________ ügetgraphmodeÇ Returns the current graphics mode Ç__________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ int fargetgraphmode(void); üPurposegetgraphmodeÇreturnsthecurrentgraphicsmode. Namesforthevaluesaredefinedingraphics.hin theenumerationtypeägraph_modesÇ. __________________________________________________________________ ügetimageÇSavesabitimageofthespecifiedregioninto memory __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far getimage(int äleftÇ, int ätopÇ, int ärightÇ, int äbottomÇ, void far ä*bitmapÇ); üPurposegetimageÇsavesarectangularportionofthescreen, definedby(äleftÇ,ätopÇ)to(ärightÇ,äbottomÇ),tomemory pointedtobyäbitmapÇ. Thisfunctionisparticularlyusefulincombination whichüputimageÇtoanimatesomethingonthescreen. __________________________________________________________________ ügetlinesettings ÇGetsthecurrentlinestyle,patternandthickness __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far getlinesettings(struct linesettingstype far ä*lineinfoÇ); üPurposegetlinesettingsÇfillsintheülinesettingstypeÇ structurepointedtobyälineinfoÇwiththe informationaboutthecurrentlinestyle,user definedpatternandthickness.ülinesettingstypeÇis definedingraphics.handhasthefollowing structure: structlinesettingstype{ intlinestyle; unsignedupattern; intthickness; }; Thelinestylesnamesarepredefinedinthe enumeratedtypeäline_stylesÇandcorrespondas closelyaspossiblewithTurboC. äline_stylesÇ Numeric constant value ----------------------- SOLID_LINE 0 DOTTED_LINE 1 CENTER_LINE 2 Ç DASHED_LINE  3 USERBIT_LINE  4 __________________________________________________________________ ügetmaxcolorÇReturnsmaximumcolourvaluethatcanbepassedto setcolor __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ int far getmaxcolor(void); üPurposegetmaxcolorÇsimplyreturnsthehighestvalidpen numberthatcanbepassedtoüsetcolorÇ. Thereturnedvaluesare:1forSM124HI,3for SC1224MEDand15forSC1224LO,255forTTC1434LO, 15forTTC1434MEDand2forTTM194HI. __________________________________________________________________ ügetmaxmodeÇ Returnsthemaximummodenumberforthecurrent driver __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ int far getmaxmode(void); üPurposegetmaxmodeÇreturnsthemaximummodenumberforthe currentdriver. __________________________________________________________________ ügetmaxxÇ Returns maximum x screen coordinate __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ int far getmaxx(void); üPurposegetmaxxÇreturnsthemaximumxcoordinateforthe currentgraphicsmode.Forexample,theresolution forSM124HIis640x400soügetmaxxÇreturns639. __________________________________________________________________ ügetmaxyÇ Returns maximum y screen coordinate __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ int far getmaxy(void); üPurposegetmaxyÇreturnsthemaximumycoordinateforthe currentgraphicsmode.Forexample,theresolution forSM124HIis640x400soügetmaxyÇreturns399. __________________________________________________________________ ügetmodenameÇReturnsapointertoastringcontainingthename ofaspecifiedgraphicsmode __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ char *far getmodename(int ämode_numberÇ); üPurposegetmodenameÇreturnsapointertoastringthat containsthename,specifiedbyämode_numberÇ,ofthe graphicsmodebeingused. __________________________________________________________________ ügetmoderange ÇGetstherangeofmodesforagivengraphicsdriver __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far getmoderange(int ägraphdriverÇ, int far ä*lomodeÇ,  int far ä*himodeÇ); üPurposegetmoderangeÇreturnstherangeofvalidmodesfor thespecifieddriver.IfägraphdriverÇisinvalid thenä*lomodeÇandä*himodeÇaresetto-1.If ägraphdriverÇis-1thenthecurrentmodeisreturned inä*lomodeÇandä*himodeÇ. __________________________________________________________________ ügetpaletteÇ Gets information about the current palette __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far getpalette(struct palettetype far ü*paletteÇ); üPurposegetpaletteÇfillsintheüpalettetypeÇstructure pointedtobyäpaletteÇwiththeinformationabout thecurrentcolourpalettebeingused.üpalettetypeÇ isdefinedingraphics.handhasthefollowing structure:  #defineMAXCOLORS15; structpalettetype{ unsignedsize; charcolors[MAXCOLORS+1]; }; äsizeÇcontainsthenumberofentriesbeingusedin äcolorsÇ.EachentryinäcolorsÇstoresthecolorfor thatdrawingpen. __________________________________________________________________ ügetpalettesizeÇ Returns size of palette colour lookup table __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ int far getpalettesize(void); üPurposegetpalettesizeÇreturnsthenumberofpalette entriesforthecurrentgraphicsmode. __________________________________________________________________ ügetpixelÇ Gets the colour of a specified pixel __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ unsigned far getpixel(int äxÇ, int äyÇ); üPurposegetpixelÇreturnsthepennumberthatwasusedto drawthepixelonthescreenatthe(äxÇ,äyÇ) coordinate. __________________________________________________________________ ügettextsettings ÇGetsinformationaboutthecurrentgraphicstext font __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far gettextsettings(struct textsettingstype far ä*texttypeinfoÇ); üPurposegettextinfoÇfillsintheütextsettingstypeÇstructure pointedtobyätexttypeinfoÇwiththeinformation aboutthecurrenttextfont,direction,size, effectsandjustification.ütextsettingstypeÇis definedingraphics.handhasthefollowing structure: struct textsettingstype { int font; int direction; int charsize; int horiz; int vert; }; __________________________________________________________________ ügetviewportsettings ÇGets information about the current viewport __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far getviewsettings(struct viewporttype far ä*viewportÇ); üPurposegetviewportsettingsÇfillsintheüviewporttypeÇ structurepointedtobyäviewportÇwiththe informationaboutthecurrentviewport.ü viewporttypeÇisdefinedingraphics.handhasthe followingstructure: struct viewporttype { int left, top, right, bottom; int clip; }; __________________________________________________________________ ügetxÇ Returnsthecurrentgraphicsposition'sx Ç coordinate __________________________________________________________________ üSyntax Çint far getx(void); üPurposegetxÇreturnsthecurrentposition's(CP)äxÇ coordinate.Thisvalueisviewportrelative. __________________________________________________________________ ügetyÇ Returnsthecurrentgraphicsposition'sy coordinate __________________________________________________________________ üSyntax Çint far gety(void); üPurposegetyÇreturnsthecurrentposition's(CP)äyÇ coordinate.Thisvalueisviewportrelative. __________________________________________________________________ ügraphdefaultsÇ Resets all graphics settings to their defaults __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far graphdefaults(void); üPurposegraphdefaultÇresetsallgraphicssettingsthe appropriatedefaults: setsdefaultpalettecoloursanddrawingcolour. setsdefaultfillstyleandcolour. setsdefaultlinestyle. setsdefaulttextstyleandjustification. setsviewporttoentirescreenwithclippingon. __________________________________________________________________ ügrapherrormsgÇ Returns a pointer to an error message string __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ char * far grapherrormsg(int äerrorcodeÇ); üPurposegrapherrormsgÇreturnsapointertotheerror messagetextassociatedwithäerrorcodeÇvalue returnedbyügraphresultÇ. __________________________________________________________________ ü_graphfreememÇ User hook into graphics memory allocation __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far _graphfreemem(void far ä*ptrÇ,  unsigned äsizeÇ); üPurpose_graphfreememÇisamemorymanagementroutineused ÇbyTurboCtofreeallocatedgraphicsmemoryand hasnotbeimplementedontheST/STe/TT.Aftera calltoü_graphfreememÇ,ügraphresultÇwillreturn ägrNotImplementedÇ. __________________________________________________________________ ü_graphgetmemÇ User hook into graphics memory allocation __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far _graphgetmem(unsigned äsizeÇ); üPurpose_graphgetmemÇisamemorymanagementroutineusedby TurboCtoallocategraphicsmemoryandhasnotbe implementedontheST/STe/TT.Afteracallto ü_graphgetmemÇ,ügraphresultÇwillreturn ägrNotImplementedÇ. __________________________________________________________________ ügraphresultÇ Returnsanerrorcodeforthelastunsuccessful graphicsoperation __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ int far graphresult(void); üPurposegraphresultÇreturnstheerrorcodethatwas reportedforthelastgraphicsoperation.Theerror statusisresettoägrOkÇ. Allgraphicsfunctionswillsettheerrorstatusto ägrOkÇunlesssomethinghasgonewrong. Error ägraphics_errors Ç code constant messagestring ------------------------------------------------------- 0 grOk No error -1 grNoInitGraphGraphicsnotinitia⑨ lized(use'initgraph') -2 grNotDetectedGraphicshardwarenotde⑨ tected -3 grFileNotFoundDevicedriverfilenotfo⑨ und -4 grInvalidDriverInvaliddevicedriverfile -5 grNoLoadMemNotenoughmemorytoload driver -6 grNoScanMemOutofmemoryinscanfill -7 grNoFloodMemOutofmemoryinflood fill -8 grFontNotFoundFontfilenotfound -9 grNoFontMemNotenoughmemorytoload font -10 grInvalidModeInvalidgraphicsmodefor selecteddriver -11 grErrorGraphicserror -12 grIOerrorGraphicsI/Oerror Ç -13 grInvalidFontInvalidfontfile -14 grInvalidFontNumInvalidfontnumber -15 grInvalidDeviceNumInvaliddevicenumber -16 grInvalidFontSizeInvalidfontsize -17 grNotImplementedNotimplementedonAtari ST/STe/TT -18 grInvalidVersionInvalidversionnumber __________________________________________________________________ üimagesizeÇ Returnsthenumberofbytesrequiredtostoreabit image __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ unsigned far imagesize(int äleftÇ, int ätopÇ,  int räightÇ, int äbottomÇ); üPurposeimagesizeÇdeterminesthenumberofbytesofmemory requiredtostoreabitimage. __________________________________________________________________ üinitgraphÇ Initializes the graphics system __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far initgraph(int far ä*graphdriverÇ, int far *ägraphmodeÇ, char far *äpathtodriverÇ); üPurposeinitgraphÇinitializationsthegraphicssystemand mustbecalledbeforeanygraphicsfunctionsare attempted.Ifagraphicfunctioniscalledbefore üinitgraphÇanerrormessagewillbedisplayedand theprogramwillterminate. ä*graphdriverÇisanintegerthatindicatesthe drivertobeused.Youcanuseconstantsdefinedby theägraphics_driverÇenumerationtypeasshown below. ägraphics_driver Ç constant Numericvalue -------------------------------------- DETECT 0(autodetection) ... ..(CGA,EGA,VGA,etc) SC1224 11 SM124 12 TTC1434 13 TTM194 14 UNKNOWN_DRIVER 15 ä*graphmodeÇisanintegerthatindicatesthescreen modetobeused.Youcanuseconstantsdefinedby theägraphics_modeÇenumerationtypeasshownbelow. ägraphics_mode Ç constant Numericvalue -------------------------------------- CGAC0 0 ... ..(CGA,EGA,VGA,etc) SC1224LO 0 SC1224MED 1 SM124HI 0 TTC1434LO 0 TTC1434MED 1 TTM194HI 0 UNKNOWN_MODE 0 êNote:ÇRefertographics.hforacompletelistof values.OnlyST/STe/TTspecificvaluesareused. AfterüinitgraphÇiscalled,ägraphdriverÇand ägraphmodeÇwillbeupdatedtotheappropriatevalues toindicatedtheactualgraphicsmodeset. äpathtodriverÇhasnoeffectontheST/STe/TTsince graphicdriverscannotbeloaded. Ifnographicshardwareisdetected,ä*graphdriverÇ issettoägrNotDetectedÇandügraphresultÇwillalso returnägrNotDetectedÇ. __________________________________________________________________ üinstalluserdriver ÇInstallsavendor-addeddevicedrivertotheBGI ü Ç devicedrivertable __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ int far installuserdriver(char far ä*nameÇ, int huge (ä*detectÇ)(void)); üPurposeinstalluserdriverÇisusedtoloadalternative graphicsdriversandhasnotbeimplementedonthe ST/STe/TT.Afteracalltoü_graphgetmemÇ, ügraphresultÇwillreturnägrNotImplementedÇ. __________________________________________________________________ üinstalluserfont Ç LoadsafontfilethatisnotbuiltintotheBGI system __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ int far installuserfont(char far ä*nameÇ); üPurposeinstalluserfontÇisusedtoloada"stroked"font andhasnotbeenimplementedontheST/STe/TT. AfteracalltoüinstalluserfontÇ,ügraphresultÇwill returnägrNotImplementedÇ. 9[....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....]0110 __________________________________________________________________ ülineÇ Draws a line between two specified points __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far line(int äx1Ç, int äy1Ç, int äx2Ç, int äy2Ç); üPurposelineÇdrawsalineusingthecurrentcolour,line style,thicknessbetweenthe(äx1Ç,äy1Ç)and(äx2Ç,äy2Ç) points. __________________________________________________________________ ülinerelÇDrawsalinearelativedistancefromthecurrent position(CP) __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far linerel(int ädxÇ, int ädyÇ); üPurposelinerelÇdrawsalinefromthecurrentposition(CP) tothepoint(ädxÇ,ädyÇ)whichisarelativedistance fromCP.CPisadjustedby(ädxÇ,ädyÇ).Thecurrent colour,linestyleandthicknessareused. __________________________________________________________________ ülinetoÇDrawsalinefromthecurrentposition(CP)to (x,y) __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far lineto(int äxÇ, int äyÇ); üPurposelinetoÇdrawsalinefromthecurrentposition(CP) tothepoint(äxÇ,äyÇ).CPismovedto(äxÇ,äyÇ).The currentcolour,linestyleandthicknessareused. __________________________________________________________________ ümoverel ÇMoves the current position (CP) a relative distance __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far moverel(int ädxÇ, int ädyÇ); üPurposemoverelÇmovesthecurrentposition(CP)byädxÇin thehorizontaldirectionandädyÇinthevertical direction. __________________________________________________________________ ümovetoÇ Moves the current position (CP) to (x,y) __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far moveto(int äxÇ, int äyÇ); üPurposemovetoÇmovesthecurrentposition(CP)tothepoint specifiedby(äxÇ,äyÇ). __________________________________________________________________ üouttextÇ Displays a string in the viewport __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far outtext(char far ä*textstringÇ); üPurposeouttextÇdisplaysatextstringintheviewport usingthecurrenttextstyle,size,justification anddirection. üouttextÇdisplaysätextstringÇatthecurrentposition (CP).Ifthehorizontaljustificationissetto LEFT_TEXTandtheverticaljustificationto HORIZ_TEXT,thenCP'sxcoordinateisadjustedby ütextwidthÇ(ätextstringÇ).OtherwiseCPisunchanged. __________________________________________________________________ üouttextxyÇ Displays a string at a specified location __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far outtextxy(int äxÇ, int äyÇ, char far ä*textstringÇ); üPurposeouttextxyÇdisplaysatextstringintheviewport usingthecurrenttextstyle,size,justification anddirectionat(äxÇ,äyÇ). Thecurrentposition(CP)isnotchanged. __________________________________________________________________ üpiesliceÇ Draws and fills in pie slice __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far pieslice(int äxÇ, int äyÇ, int ästangleÇ, int äendangleÇ, int äradiusÇ); üPurposepiesliceÇdrawsapiesliceat(äxÇ,äyÇ)witharadius givenbyäradiusÇ.Thepiesliceisdrawnfromthe ästangleÇtotheäendangleÇ.ästangleÇandäendangleÇare givenindegreesandmeasuredcounterclockwisewith 0degreesbeingat3o'clock. Thepiesliceisfilledwiththecurrentfillstyle andcolour,thenoutlinedwiththecurrentcolour, linestyleandthickness. 9[....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆..◆.]0110 __________________________________________________________________ üputimageÇ Outputs a bit image onto the screen __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far putimage(int äleftÇ, int ätopÇ, void far ä*bitmapÇ, int äopÇ); üPurposeputimageÇdrawsthebitimagesavedbyügetimageÇon thescreenwiththeupperrightcornerbeing positionedat(äleftÇ,ätopÇ).äbitmapÇpointstothe locationinmemorywheretheimageisstored. ÇäopÇindicateswhotheimageistobedrawnonthe screen.Theenumerationtypeäputimage_opsÇ,asfound ingraphics.h,givesnamefortheäopÇvalues. äputimage_ops Ç constant value description ----------------------------------------- COPY_PUT 0 copy XOR_PUT 1 exclusiveor OR_PUT 2 inclusiveor AND_PUT 3 and NOT_PUT 4 copytheinverse __________________________________________________________________ üputpixelÇ Plots a pixel at a specific point __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far putpixel(int äxÇ, int äyÇ, int äcolorÇ); üPurposeputpixelÇdrawsasinglepointat(äxÇ,äyÇ)usingthe givenäcolorÇ. __________________________________________________________________ ürectangleÇ Draws a rectangle __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far rectangle(int äleftÇ, int ätopÇ, int ärightÇ, int äbottomÇ); üPurposerectangleÇdrawsarectanglefromtheupperleft corner(äleftÇ,ätopÇ)tothelowerrightcorner (ärightÇ,äbottomÇ)usingthecurrentcolour,linestyle andthickness. 9[....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆..◆.]0110 __________________________________________________________________ üregisterbgidriverÇandüregisterfarbgidriver ÇRegistersauser-loadedorlinked-ingraphics drivercodewiththegraphicssystem 9[....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆..◆.]0110 __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ int registerbgidriver(void (ä*driverÇ)(void)); int registerfarbgidriver(void (*driver)(void)); üPurposeregisterbgidriverÇandüregisterfarbgidriverÇhavenot beenimplementedinthisgraphicslibrary. ügraphresultÇwillreportaägrNotImplementedÇerror. 9[....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆..◆.]0110 __________________________________________________________________ üregisterbgifontÇandüregisterfarbgifont ÇRegistersauser-loadedorlinked-ingraphicsfont codewiththegraphicssystem 9[....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆..◆.]0110 __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ int registerbgifont(void (ä*fontÇ)(void)); Ç int registerfarbgifont(void (ä*fontÇ)(void)); üPurposeregisterbgifontÇandüregisterfarbgifontÇhavenot beenimplementedinthisgraphicslibrary. ügraphresultÇwillreportaägrNotImplementedÇerror. __________________________________________________________________ ürestorecrtmodeÇRestoresthescreenmodetoitspre-initgraph setting __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far restorecrtmode(void); üPurposerestorecrtmodeÇreturnsthescreentotextmode.The screenisclearedandthecursorreturnstothe homeposition(0,0).Thisfunctioncanbeusedin conjuctionwithüsetgraphmodeÇtoswitchbetweentext andgraphicmodes. 9[....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....]0110 __________________________________________________________________ üsectorÇ Draw and fills an elliptical pie slice __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far sector(int äxÇ, int äyÇ, int ästangleÇ, int äendangleÇ, int äxradiusÇ, int äyradiusÇ ); ä üPurposesectorÇdrawsanellipticalpieslicelocatedat (äxÇ,äyÇ)withahorizontalradiusofäxradiusÇanda verticalradiusofäyradiusÇ.Thesectorisdrawn fromästangleÇandendsatäendangleÇ.Thesectoris filledwiththecurrentfillstyleandcolour,then outlinedwiththecurrentlinecolour,styleand thickness. ä stangleÇandäendangleÇaregivenindegrees.The angleismeasuredcounterclockwisewith0degrees beingat3o'clock. __________________________________________________________________ üsetactivepageÇSets active page for graphics output __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far setactivepage(int äpageÇ); üPurposesetactivepageÇhasnoeffectontheST/STe/TT implementationsinceonlyONEpageisused.IfäpageÇ isnon-zeroügraphresultÇreturnsägrErrorÇ. __________________________________________________________________ üsetallpaletteÇ Changes all palette colours as specified __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far setallpalette(struct palettetype Ç  far ä*paletteÇ); üPurposesetallpaletteÇsetsthecolourpalettetothecolour valuescontainedintheüpalettetypeÇstructure pointedtobyäpaletteÇ. üpalettetypeÇasthefollowingstructuredefinein graphics.h. #defineMAXCOLORS15 structpalettetype{ unsignedcharsize; signedcharcolors[MAXCOLORS+1]; }; äsizeÇindicateshowmanyentriesintheäcolorsÇarray exist.äcolorsÇholdsthecolornumbers. __________________________________________________________________ üsetaspectratioÇ Changes the default aspect ratio correction factor __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far setaspectratio(int äxaspÇ, int äyaspÇ); üPurposesetaspectratioÇhasnotbeenimplementedsincethe VDIroutinescorrectlyhandletheaspectratio.The purposeofüsetaspectratioÇforthePCistocorrect theaspectratioforaddongraphicsdrivers. ügraphresultÇwillreturnägrNotImplementedÇif üsetaspectratioÇiscalled. __________________________________________________________________ ü setbkcolorÇSetsthecurrentbackgroundcolourusingthe palette __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far setbkcolor(int äcolorÇ)ü; Ç üPurposesetbkcolorÇsetsthebackgroundcolor(pen0)to äcolorÇ. Number Colour ------------------------  0 BLACK 1 BLUE 2 GREEN 3 CYAN 4 RED 5 MAGENTA 6 BROWN 7 LIGHTGRAY 8 DARKGRAY Ç 9 LIGHTBLUE 10 LIGHTGREEN 11 LIGHTCYAN 12 LIGHTRED 13 LIGHTMAGENTA 14 YELLOW 15 WHITE __________________________________________________________________ üsetcolorÇ Sets the current drawing colour using the palette __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far setcolor(int äcolorÇ); üPurposesetcolorÇsetsthecurrentdrawingcolourtoäcolorÇ. äcolorÇcanrangefrom0toügetmaxcolorÇ.See üsetbkcolorÇ. üsetcolorÇalsoeffectsthecolourofgraphictext drawnonthescreen. __________________________________________________________________ üsetfillpatternÇ Selects a user-defined fill pattern __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far setfillpattern(char far ä*upatternÇ, int äcolorÇ); üPurposesetfillpatternÇallowstheprogrammertodefineuser definedfillpatternsthatwillbeusedbygraphic functionsthatfillshapes.Thepatternisdefined with8bytes,pointedtobyäupatternÇ,eachbyte representsthebitpatternperrow.See ügetfillpatternÇformoreinformation.Thefill colourissettoäcolor. Ç __________________________________________________________________ üsetfillstyleÇ Sets the fill pattern and colour __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far setfillstyle(int äpatternÇ, int äcolorÇ); üPurposesetfillstyleÇsetsthefillpatterntoäpatternÇ,one ofthepredefinedfillpatternsandsetsthefill colourtoäcolorÇ.üÇSeeügetfillsettingsÇformore information. DonotuseaäpatternÇofUSER_FILLwith üsetfillstyleÇ,useüsetfillpatternÇtodefineanduse auserdefinedfillpattern __________________________________________________________________ üsetgraphbufsize Ç Changes the size of the internal graphics buffer __________________________________________________________________ üSyntax Çunsigned far setgraphbufsize(unsigned äbufsizeÇ); üPurposesetgraphbufsizeÇhasnotbeenimplementedinthis graphicslibrary.ügraphresultÇwillreporta ägrNotImplementedÇerror. __________________________________________________________________ üsetgraphmodeÇ Sets the system to graphics mode, clears the screen __________________________________________________________________ üSyntax Çvoid far setgraphmode(int ämodeÇ); üPurposesetgraphmodeÇreturnsthescreentographicsmode andresetsallgraphicssettingstotheirdefault values.Thisfunctioncanbeusedinconjuction withürestorecrtmodeÇtoswitchbetweentextand graphicmodes. __________________________________________________________________ üsetlinestyleÇ Sets the current line width and style __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far setlinestyle(int älinestyleÇ,  unsigned äupatternÇ,  int äthicknessÇ); üPurposesetlinestyleÇsetsthecurrentlinestyleto älinestyleÇandthicknesstoäthicknessÇ.See ügetlinesettingsÇformoreinformationabout älinestyleÇvalues. Auser-definedlinestylecanalsobespecifiedby requestingaUSERBIT_LINEinasälinestyleÇand specifyingthebitpatterninäupatternÇ.Ifauser definedpatternisnotwanted,äupatternÇmuststill beprovided,butissimplyignored. êNote:ÇtheälinestyleÇsettingisonlyeffectwhenthe äthicknessÇis1. __________________________________________________________________ üsetpaletteÇ Changes one palette colour __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far setpalette(int äcolornumÇ, int äcolorÇ); üPurposesetpaletteÇisnotimplementedsinceüsetrgbpaletteÇ willhandleallchangestothecolourpalette. ügraphresultÇwillreturnägrNotImplementedÇ. __________________________________________________________________ üsetrgbpaletteÇ Allows user to define colour for the IBM8514 __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far setrgbpalette(int äcolornumÇ,  int äredÇ, int ägreenÇ,  int äblueÇ); üPurposesetrgbpaletteÇsetstheäcolornumÇentryinthecolour palettetotheäredÇ,ägreenÇ,äblueÇvalues.Onthe ST/STethesevaluescanrangefrom0to7and0to 15ontheTT. TheTTandthirdpartygraphiccardsarecapableof morethan16coloursonthescreen.üsetrgbpaletteÇ canchangeanyofthemandthefirstsixteen entriesinthepalettearesettothedefaultTurbo CcoloursshowninüsetbkcolorÇ. __________________________________________________________________ üsettextjustifyÇ Sets text justification for graphics functions __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far settextjustify(int ähorizÇ, int ävertÇ); üPurposesettextjustifyÇdetermineshowtextisdisplayed withreferencetothecurrentposition(CP). ätext_just Ç constant value --------------------- LEFT_TEXT  0 CENTER_TEXT 1 RIGHT_TEXT 2 BOTTOM_TEXT 0 CENTER_TEXT 1  TOP_TEXT 2 __________________________________________________________________ üsettextstyleÇSetsthecurrenttextcharacteristicsforgraphic output __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far settextstyle(int äfontÇ, int ädirectionÇ, int ächarsizeÇ); üPurposesettextstyleÇsetsthetextäfontÇ,ädirectionÇ,and ächarsizeÇthatwillbeusedbyüouttextÇand üouttextxyÇ. äfontÇcanhaveseveralvalues: value result --------------------- 0x00 sytem font Ç 0x01 boldfont 0x02 grayedfont 0x04 italicizedfont 0x08 underlinedfont 0x10 outlinedfont TheseäfontÇvaluescanbeANDedtogethertocombine thefonts.Forexample,ifäfontÇis0x14thefontis shownitalicizedandoutlied. ächarsizeÇdiffersfromTurboCisthatitrepresents thefontpointsizeandnotamagnificationfactor. Thesystemfontcanbedisplayedinsixsizes: value pointsize -------------------- 0 8 1 9 2 10 3 16 4 18 5andup 20 9[....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....◆....]0110 __________________________________________________________________ üsetusercharsize ÇAllowstheusertovarythecharacterwidthand heightforfonts __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far setusercharsize(int ämultxÇ, int ädivxÇ, int ämultyÇ, int ädivyÇ); üPurposesetusercharsizeÇhasnotbeenimplementedinthis graphicslibrary.ügraphresultÇwillreporta ägrNotImplementedÇerror. __________________________________________________________________ üsetviewportÇ Sets the current viewport for graphics output __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far setviewport(int äleftÇ, int ätopÇ, int ärightÇ, int äbottomÇ, int äclipÇ); üPurposesetviewportÇdefinesaportionofthescreenthat willbecomethenewviewportforgraphicsoutput. Theupperleftcorner(äleftÇ,ätopÇ)andlowerright corner(ärightÇ,äbottomÇ)aregiveninabsolutescreen coordinates.Thecurrentposition(CP)ismovedto (0,0)andcorrespondstotheupperleftcorner. äclipÇdetermineswhetherornotgraphicoperations areclippedattheviewportsperimeter.IfäclipÇis nonzero,allgraphicoperationswillbeclipped. Ç êNote:Çallgraphicoperationsareviewportrelative. WhenüsetviewportÇisused,(0,0)willmovetothe upperleftcorner(äleftÇ,ätopÇ)ofthenewviewport. __________________________________________________________________ üsetvisualpageÇ Sets the visual graphics page number __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far setvisualpage(int äpageÇ); üPurposesetvisualpageÇhasnoeffectontheST/STe/TT implementationsinceonlyONEpageisused.IfäpageÇ isnon-zeroügraphresultÇreturnsägrErrorÇ. __________________________________________________________________ üsetwritemodeÇSetsthewritingmodeforlinedrawing __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ void far setwritemode(int ämodeÇ); üPurposesetwritemodeÇeffectshowtheoutputofthegraphic functionsappearsusingbinaryoperations. COPY_PUTsimplycopiesthenewoutputtothescreen andXOR_PUTperformsanexclusiveORoperation betweentheoutputandtheexistingscreenimage. AsecondXOR_PUTofthesamegraphicoutputwill erasetheresultofthefirstone. __________________________________________________________________ ütextheightÇReturns the height of a string in pixels __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ int far textheight(char far ä*textstringÇ); üPurpose textheightÇdeterminestheheightofätextstringÇ,in pixels,ofthecurrenttextfont. Thisfunctionisveryusefulforcreating resolutionindependentprogramsthatusetext.Use ütextheightÇratherthandoingthecalculation manually. __________________________________________________________________ ütextwidthÇ Returns the width of a string in pixels __________________________________________________________________ üSyntaxÇ int far textwidth(char far ä*textstringÇ); üPurposetextwidthÇdeterminesthewidthofätextstringÇ,in pixels,ofthecurrenttextfont. Thisfunctionisveryusefulforcreating Çresolutionindependentprogramsthatusetext.Use ütextwidthÇratherthandoingthecalculation manually.