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BACKUPST
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BACKUPST.TXT
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BACKUPST --- A backup program for the Atari ST
F.J.R. Appelman,
University of Utrecht,
3D Computer Vision Research Group,
The Netherlands.
email: fred@cv.ruu.nl
1. Info
BackupST is a backup program for the Atari-ST. BackupST writes the
hard disk data to floppy disks. BackupST has 3 modes in which it
works; creation (backup), listing or extraction (restore).
The floppies written by BackupST are in a proprietary format, and
are NOT readable by GEMDOS. You need BackupST again to read
the floppies.
2. STARTING THE PROGRAM
BackupST can be started by double clicking on the application
from the desktop, and typing the parameters in the presented
box.
Note: BackupST is NOT case sensitive; this because the OS
converts all input from the desktop to uppercase before
passing it to the application.
After execution BackupST will wait for a keypress before it
returns to the desktop. BackupST will also work from a command
interpretator like the Craft shell. If you set the
environment variable
BACKUPSTPAUSE=NO
BackupST wil not wait for a keypress after execution.
The program can also be started by the GEM interface
program bfront. This document does NOT describe the
bfront program.
3. CREATION (BACKUP) MODE
The ``-c'' flag sets BackupST in Creation mode.
backupst -c [options] files
Files can be:
1. Plain files.
2. directories
3. disks
4. regular expressions
Slashes (/) are automatically converted to backslashes (\).
Relative addressing is supported. Regular expressions are full
regular expressions, not the GEMDOS regular expressions.
The options supported in creation mode in alphabetical order
are:
-b0 Set the archived bit. ``Setting'' the archived bit is a
little bit symbolic since TOS 1.4 is introduced. The
introduction of TOS 1.4 inverted the meaning of the
archived bit. Before TOS 1.4 the bit was set to ``1'' to
indicate the file was archived. Before TOS 1.4 this bit
was automatically cleared by the OS once the file was
changed. Since the introduction of TOS 1.4 this bit is set
to ``0'' to indicate the file is archived. In TOS 1.4 this
bit is set to ``1'' by the OS if the file is changed.
BackupST will automatically adjust its behavior to the
present TOS version. This is a default option.
-b1 Don't set the archived bit.
-f0 Never format a track. If a disk I/O error occurs, BackupST
is aborted with an error message.
-f1 Format every track before trying to write on the track.
After formatting of the track the behavior of BackupST is
as if the -f2 option was typed.
-f2 Format a track if an I/O error occurs. After formatting of
this track, writing to the track is tried again. Up to 5
retries will take place. If the retries have no effect,
BackupST is aborted. When every track needs reformatting,
it turns out to be a time consuming proces. If more than 3
tracks need formatting on a particular side of a disk the
remaining tracks on that side will be formatted before
trying to write on that side. This is a default option.
-l0 Incremental backup. Only files which have been changed
since the last backup are stored on disk.
-l1 Full backup. All files specified are stored. This is a
default option.
-r Read file names from stdin. You can either type the
filenames by hand, or put BackupST in a pipeline.
find c: '*.c' | backupst -cr
-u0 Don't verify after write. This is a default option.
-u1 Verify after write.
The following options are available in all modes:
-da Use drive A as the backup drive. This is a default option.
-db Use drive B as the backup drive
-s1 Use single sided floppies
-s2 Use double sided floppies. This is a default option.
-v Verbose mode. This option has no use to the normal user,
only to the programmer. You are not advised to use this
option, it will slow down the backup.
-j# No of sectors per track. The only valid numbers are 9 and
10. If you restore or list an archive, this option may be
supplied but is overruled by the values stored in the
archive info. 9 sectors per track is the default value.
-k# No of tracks per side. The only valid numbers are 80-84.
If you restore or list an archive, this option may be
supplied but is overruled by the values stored in the
archive info. 80 tracks per sector is the default value.
After writing the ``written and archived'' flag on the hard disk
is set. So if you make an incremental backup, BackupST knows which
files are changed, and which are not. This ``written and
archived'' flag is automatically reset by GEMDOS if the file is
changed. (see also the description of the ``-b0'' flag)
BackupST first checks all the arguments entered. If one file could
not be found, an error message is printed. First all the files are
written to floppy. The space used by the archive index is known
and skipped on the first disk. If all data is written to disk, you
are asked to reinstall disk #1. The archive index is now written
to disk. This ``strange'' aproach is taken, because future
versions of BackupST will compress the data, when it is written to
disk. If data is compressed, BackupST will not know where exactly
the file data is written on the floppies, and this information is
stored in the archive index. A backup archive index is stored
behind the data. This backup archive index is used by the ``-y''
option (See extract mode).
Examples:
backupst -c c: # Backup disk C:
backupst -c . # Backup the current directory
backupst -cl0das1 c: d: # Store all changed files on disk
# C: and disk D: on floppy A:, and use
# single sided floppies.
backupst -c c:/bin # Store all file in the
# directory c:/bin
backupst -c *.[ch] # Store all C-files and H-files in the
# current directory
Note1:
If you use regular expressions, be aware of the fact that most
shells already expand regular expression patterns. If you want
to use the regular expression, quote the regular pattern, e.g.
backupst -c '*.[ch]'
Note2:
It's strongly advised you use the FOLDRxxx program, because
the 40-folder bug is still present.
4. LIST MODE
The ``-t'' flag sets the program in List mode.
backupst -t [options]
The List mode does not have special options. Only the general
options apply.
The following options are available in all modes:
-da Use drive A as the backup drive. This is a default option.
-db Use drive B as the backup drive
-s1 Use single sided floppies
-s2 Use double sided floppies. This is a default option.
-v Verbose mode. This option has no use to the normal user,
only to the programmer. You are not advised to use this
option, it will slow down the backup.
-j# No of sectors per track. The only valid numbers are 9 and
10. If you restore or list an archive, this option may be
supplied but is overruled by the values stored in the
archive info. 9 sectors per track is the default value.
-k# No of tracks per side. The only valid numbers are 80-84.
If you restore or list an archive, this option may be
supplied but is overruled by the values stored in the
archive info. 80 tracks per sector is the default value.
BackupST will list all the data found in the archive. If BackupST
is functioning in list mode, the data listed will be piped through
more. After every full page of data, you must press a key to see
the next page full of data.
5. EXTRACT MODE
The ``-x'' flag sets the program in Extract mode.
backupst -x [options]
The options supported in extract mode are:
-h path
Set root of restore path to ``path''. If this option is used,
BackupST will not write back the data at the position it was
originally stored. Suppose you have stored a directory named
``c:/bin''. If you restore the data by using the command
backupst -xh d:/tmp
the data will be stored in the directory d:/tmp/bin. The
directory structure is still maintained.
-o0 Restore the original creation date. After writing to the file
to harddisk, the creation date is set to ``today''. With this
option the creation date is reset to the original date. This
is a default option.
-o1 Set creation date at ``today''. (See -o0)
-i Interactive mode. After reading the archive index BackupST
will go into interative mode. The following command are
available:
ls [directory]
dir [directory]
This command will list the contents of a directory. If you
don't specify a directory, the current directory is listed
by instead. By default, no files are extracted in
interactive mode. Only the files specifically ``added''
(see command add) by the user are extracted. Files to be
extracted are marked by a ``+''. Directories are marked by
a ``\''. Directories are never marked by a ``+'', only the
contents of a directory is. If you list the contents of a
directory, you see the contents of a fictive disk. There
is absolute no relation with the current contents of the
hard disk. This so fictive disk has a root directory under
which all disks are mounted. If you type ``ls'' at the
root level you probably only see the volume label(s) of
the disks you have stored in this archive. If only one
``disk'' is available, an automatic ``cd disk'' will be
done when the program is started.
ll [directory]
The ``ll'' command will make a long directory listing.
(see ls)
quit
stop
exit
This will abort the program without extracting the marked
files.
help [command]
h [command]
This command gives a list of all commands available. If an
argument is given, an explanation of this command is
given.
cd [directory]
chdir [directory]
Change directory to ``directory''. If no argument is
given, the new directory is the root directory of the
ramdirectory.
add [files]
Add files to the list of files to be extracted. If the
argument is a directory, all files in this directory are
added to the list. Regular expressions are also valid.
Added files are marked by a ``+'' in front of the filename
in a ``ls'' command. (see ``ls'')
rm [files]
Opposite of add command. Same syntax.
extract
retrieve
go
Retrieve all marked files from the archive.
-w Overwrite existent files silently. Normally BackupST will not
overwrite an existing file without asking permission to do so.
If you give the ``-w'' argument, will overwrite all files
without asking.
-y Same as ``-x'', only instead of using the main archive index,
an attempt is made to read the backup archive index from disk.
This mode is slow (and not thoroughly tested), and scans the
disk for the backup archive index. The backup archive index is
always written at the end of the archive. If you use this
option, you will be asked to install the the disk on which you
expect the backup archive is written. If the backup archive is
not broken into two parts, this is the last disk of the
archive. The disk# the backup archive is written on, is
reported during the creation of the archive. If you have a
small archive which fits on a single disk, the main archive
info, which is written before the archive will be skipped in
the search for the backup archive info.
-z0 Never create subdirs. This means that all the files are
restored at the root disk of the ``original'' disk the files
were located on. This command is usually used in conjuction
with the ``-h'' flag. For example the command
backupst -xz0 -h d:/tmp
will restore all the files in the directory d:/tmp without
creating the subdirectories in d:/tmp. If needed the directory
d:/tmp will be created.
-z1 Create subdirs if needed. This is the default mode of the
program.
The following options are available in all modes:
-da Use drive A as the backup drive. This is a default option.
-db Use drive B as the backup drive
-s1 Use single sided floppies
-s2 Use double sided floppies. This is a default option.
-v Verbose mode. This option has no use to the normal user,
only to the programmer. You are not advised to use this
option, it will slow down the backup.
-j# No of sectors per track. The only valid numbers are 9 and
10. If you restore or list an archive, this option may be
supplied but is overruled by the values stored in the
archive info. 9 sectors per track is the default value.
-k# No of tracks per side. The only valid numbers are 80-84.
If you restore or list an archive, this option may be
supplied but is overruled by the values stored in the
archive info. 80 tracks per sector is the default value.
If BackupST in extract mode is not started in interactive mode,
all files in the archive will be extracted. If BackupST is started
in interactive mode, no file is extracted unless you specifically
tell BackupST to do so.
6. Remarks
I probably forgot a lot in this documentation. If you have any
further questions or wishes for the program please let me know. I
can be reached at the Atari bulletin board or by email.
BackupST does not work properly with Turbo--ST. (The software
blitter) BackupST only uses regular library calls, and does not
effect any vectors. The only low level I/O BackupST uses are some
BIOS calls for screen output, and keyboard input.
Some of the options are not so logical. The next version should
support options like
-tracks 80
instead of
-k 80
Fortunally when using the GEM frontend bfront, you don't have to
remember the options.