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Mammals - A Multimedia Encyclopedia
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aardvark
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pub15.dat
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1990-05-25
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AARDVARK
The spelling of its name gives the
aardvark its place at the beginning
of most animal lists. "Aardvark"
means "earth pig" in the Afrikaans
language of South Africa. Its snout
does look like a pig's. But this
long-nosed, long-eared animal is not
related to the pig or to any other
%F,10,H\mammal%mammal.
The aardvark's nighttime habits
make the animal difficult to find
and to study. Only after sunset does
it leave its %F,10,G\burrow%burrow in the %F,10,g\grasslan%grass-
%F,10,g\grasslan%lands or the %F,10,g\forest%forests to search for
food. Outside the %F,10,G\den%den, the stocky
animal, which measures about 6 feet
(183 cm) from head to tail, pauses.
It listens and sniffs for danger. If
all is safe, it trots away. The
aardvark moves on its toes and
claws, often following a zigzag
path. Its tail drags behind, making
a groove in the ground.
When the aardvark finds a termite
mound, it digs a hole near the base.
The sunbaked earth of a mound can
dry as hard as concrete. But the
aardvark is a strong digger. With
the thick, sturdy claws of its front
feet, it can burrow through even
hard-packed soil. The aardvark then
pushes its blunt snout close to the
opening in the mound. It catches the
termites with its long, worm-shaped
tongue.
Tough skin protects the aardvark
from insect bites. The animal can
even close its nostrils, so that
termites, ants, and dust do not get
into its snout. After the aardvark
has eaten from one mound, it may
move on to another or dig into an
underground ant nest. Aardvarks may
travel several miles a night
searching for food.
Although it is a timid animal, the
aardvark can fight off attackers
such as big cats and wild dogs. It
sits on its rump and lashes out with
its front claws. Sometimes the
aardvark lies on its back and
slashes at an enemy with all four
feet. But rather than fight, the
aardvark will try to escape from
danger. It runs for its den or
quickly digs another.
By morning, the aardvark returns
to its cool, tunnel-like burrow. All
day, the aardvark sleeps there
curled up in a circular room. There
is just enough room for the aardvark
to turn around--and leave its den
headfirst.
A female aardvark usually has one
%F,10,H\offsprin%offspring a year. The hairless
newborn has tender, pinkish skin.
It stays in the den for about two
weeks. Then it begins to search for
food with its mother. After six
months, the young aardvark digs its
own burrow. But it stays near its
mother for several months more.