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ANIMALS.COL
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THE WORLD OF ANIMALS PART 1
==================== ======
LEMMINGS
========
You have all played or at least heard of the classic ST game lemmings
(and what a wonderful game it was too!), but do you know what Lemmings
actually are? Do they really try to commit suicide?
Lemmings are small burrowing rodents that live in tundra and stunted
forests of northern polar regions. They feed on mosses, sedges,
grasses and bark. One to several litters are raised each year in a
nest at the end of a burrow. In winter, the collared lemming of North
America moults into an all-white coat. The greatly-enlarged nails on
the third and fourth fingers of it's front feet are shed each spring.
Collared Lemmings provide food for northern fur-bearing animals.
The Brown Lemming does not get a white winter coat. The common Lemming
of Norway is often written about because of it's strange migrations,
or "marches to the sea". Lemming populations rise and fall in definite
cycles (generally every four years), and at the peak of a population
rise, a forced movement or march in search of new territory or food
occurs. During the march, the Lemmings are eaten by many predators.
When they come to water, they try to swim across; being unable to
reach the far side of large bodies of water, however, they die of
exhaustion. This has given rise to the legend that lemmings "commit
suicide" by trying to migrate across the Atlantic Ocean.
So you see, it's not true after all!
PENGUINS
========
No, not the chocolate covered biscuits with coloured wrappers and crap
jokes written on them, but the ones from the Bird family, dimwit!
Penguins are flightless, swimming birds of the southern hemisphere.
About 15 species live on the shores of Antartica and islands off
Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and southern South America.
The Emporer Penguin, largest member of the family (4 foot high and 75
pounds in weight), breeds on the great walls of sea ice in the dark,
cold antartic winter. At best the temperature barely reaches -30
degrees celcius in the summer (summer?!). The Emperor Penguin is the
only penguin in which the male does all the incubating. He goes
without food for two months, while he holds the single egg on top of
his feet to keep it off the ice and warm under the folds of his skin.
When the chick eventually hatches, the female returns from the sea to
feed it, and then the male goes of to have a good nosh up!
Adelie penguins are fast becoming extinct due to the loss of their
breeding sites being turned into landing-strips for planes and
buildings. Also man uses the penguins for dog food for the huskies.
The Little Blue Penguin of new Zealand is only about 14 inches high
and is the smallest member of the family. It actually nests
underground in burrows or rock crevices. The rockhopper Penguin lives
mainly around the Falkland Islands with the King Penguin and the
Galapagos penguin lives farther north than any other in, believe it or
not, the Galapagos islands.
The penguins main enemies are the leopard Seal and the Killer Whale.