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31.PNE
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1987-04-22
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THE HISTORY OF COMPUTING PART ONE
*********************************
This is part one of a two part article in which STOSSER takes a trip
back through time, and traces the roots of computing back to the very
beginning, part two will be in next months issue.
500BC (approx): The abacus is invented by the Chinese and
Egyptians.
100BC (approx): Number system using base 10 and using zeros is
invented by Hindus.
1614 : John Napier invents logarithms as an aid to
multiplication.
1617: A mechanical calculating aid for multiplication and division
appears, called Napiers Bones.
1630: The slide rule is invented by the Rev William Oughtred to perform
multiplication and division.
1645: Adding machine invented by Blaise Pascal, it used counting
wheels to perform addition.
1690: Calculating machine invented by Von Leibnitz for addition,
subtraction, multiplication and division.
1714: Typewriter designed by Henry Mill.
1805: Jaquards loom invented by Joseph Jacquard. Using punched cards
to control the threads it allowed complex patterns to be created.
1822: The Difference Engine is invented by Charles Babbage, who is
known as the father of computing.
1837: Analytical engine, also invented by Charles Babbage, used
punched cards.
1890: The tabulating machine is invented by Herman Hollerith for
processing census data, using punched cards to input the data.
1930: Z1, the first program controlled computer is designed by K
Zuse, totally mechanical.
1943: Colossus, an electronic computer is used to crack secret
codes during the Second World War.
1944: Harvard Mark I designed by Howard Aiken: electronic and
mechanical, it was in use for about 15 years.
Part 2 next issue!