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1988-05-29
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564 lines
DDTZ v2.7
by C.B. Falconer
edited by George A. Havach
Introduction:
============
DDTZ v2.7 is a complete replacement for DDT, Digital Research's
famous Dynamic Debugging Tool, with improved functionality, bug
extermination, and full Z80 support. In general, DDTZ is fully
compatible with the original utility, but it has extra and
extended commands and many fewer quirks. All Z80-specific
instructions can be (dis)assembled, though in Intel rather then
Zilog format. Furthermore, DDTZ will correctly trace ('T' and 'U'
commands) both 8080 and Z80 instructions, depending on which CPU
is operating. On startup, the program announces which CPU it is
running on.
DDTZ v2.7 now handles the 64180 added opcodes. It does NOT test
for a 64180 CPU, since this cannot be done without executing
illegal Z80 instructions, which in turn will crash some
simulators. However v2.7 does not execute any 64180 instructions
internally, only in the subject program.
This issue supplies the "M" version assembled, to avoid errors
when switching between MSDOS and CPM systems. The command table
is updated accordingly. Most CPM users are also MSDOS users, but
not vice-versa.
The program is invoked by typing
ddtz<ret>
or
ddtz [d:]filespec<ret>
In the second form, DDTZ will load the specified file into
memory starting at 0100H, unless it's a .HEX file that sets its
own load address. Besides reporting the NEXT free address and
the PC (program counter) after a successful load, DDTZ also shows
the number of memory pages needed for a SAVE. Instead of having
to write all this down, just use the 'X' command at any time to
redisplay these three values for the current application.
NOTE: loading more code above the NEXT pointer revises these
values.
As in DDT, when a program is loaded above the area holding the
'A' and 'U' (and now 'W') command code, these commands are
disabled, and the extra memory is released to the user. Thus,
DDTZ can occupy as little as 3K total memory space. Unlike DDT,
however, DDTZ will not overwrite itself or the system on program
loads (except .HEX files).
At initialization, the stack pointer (SP) points to a return to
DDTZ, just like for the CCP. Thus, programs that normally return
to the CCP will be returned to DDTZ. The 'B' command
reinitializes this condition.
The intercept vector copies the BDOS version number, etc., so
an object program does not know that DDTZ is running (except
for BIOS-BDOS vector size). Thus, programs that check the version
number should execute correctly under DDTZ.
All input parameters can now be entered in any of three formats:
(1) hexadecimal (as in DDT),
(2) decimal, by adding a leading '#' character,
(3) ASCII, by enclosing between either single or double
quotes; either one or two characters are allowed.
Leading blanks in command lines and parameters are absorbed.
Either a comma or a (single) space is a valid delimiter.
Either uppercase or lowercase input is accepted.
The default command (for anything not otherwise recognizable)
is 'H'. This allows convenient calculation, along with the other
features described below. So, to convert a number, just enter
it!
As in DDT, the prompt character is '-', and the only error
message is the query ('?'), which generally kicks you back to
command mode.
New Commands (Over DDT):
=======================
NOTE: letters in parenthesis, e.g. "(U)", show the equivalent
command for DDTZM version (compatible with MSDOS debug).
@ Sets or shows (with no parameter) the internally stored
"base" value. Also used with the 'S' and 'D' commands as
an optional parameter (though without the '@') to display
memory from an arbitrary base marker (offset). When set to
zero (the default), it does not affect any screen displays.
B B)egin: resets the USER stack pointer to its initial value,
such that any program that exits by an RET will return to
DDTZ. DDTZ provides a default stack space of
approximately 24 bytes for user programs.
C C)ompare first_address,last_address,against_address: shows
all the byte differences between two memory areas, in the
format
XXXX aa YYYY bb
where XXXX and YYYY are the comparative memory addresses,
and aa and bb are the corresponding byte values. Can be
used to verify the identity of two files by first
loading them into different memory areas with the 'R'
command (see below).
W Write: stores the modified memory area to disk under the
(K) filename specified by the 'I' command, overwriting the
original file from which it was loaded (the user is queried
before doing so). By default, the image of memory from
0100H through the "NEXT" value -1 is saved. "K first_addr,
last_address" overrides this and allows writing ANY memory
area to a file. Almost a necessity for CPM 3.0 (no SAVE!).
K)eep on DDTZ
X eXamine: redisplays the "NEXT PC SAVE" report at any time.
(Q) Q)uery size on DDTZ.
S S)earch first_address, last_addr, value: searches the
(W) specified memory area for the value (a 16-bit word, not a
byte) and shows the locations of all such. Very useful for
finding CALL's or JMP's to a particular address, etc.
W)here on DDTZ
Y Y)our_option parm1,parm2,address: executes an arbitrary
routine at the specified address, with the BC and DE
registers set to parm1 and parm2, respectively.
Z Displays (but does not alter) the Z80's alternate register
set, including the index registers (disabled if running on
an 8080). On Z80's, automatically included as the last
part of the display by the 'X' command.
Based (Offset) Displays:
=======================
The 'D' and 'E' commands can use a stored base value (offset),
as set by the '@' command. The current @ value may be
overridden for a single execution of these commands by adding the
base as an extra parameter in the command line. The effect is
to add this value to the first/last address and display
accordingly. The address listing on the left becomes XXXX:YYYY,
where XXXX is the offset address and YYYY is the actual memory
address being displayed. For example, if you have a data area
located at 42B7H and wish to preserve easy access, just enter
"@42b7". Now, "d0,3f" will dump memory starting at 4237H.
Further Changes from DDT:
========================
A A)ssemble now accepts the full Z80 as well as 8080
instruction set, although it expects them in Intel rather
than Zilog format (see notes below under the 'L'
command). When in doubt, see the mnemnonic list below.
D D)isplay or D)ump will accept an optional third parameter
to set the base value for a single execution only. Format
has been cleaned up.
H H)ex_arithmetic on two values also shows their
difference in decimal. With only one value, converts to
hexadecimal, decimal, and ASCII (low-order byte only).
N N)ame now allows drive specification (d:...) and sets up
(I) the complete command line, including both FCB's (at
addresses 005CH and 006CH). The tail (stored at 0081H up)
is NOT upshifted.
I)nput on DDTZ
U U)nassemble now displays the raw hexcode, especially handy
(L) when examining non-code areas. Intel (8080 style) mnemonics
are used, so some disassembled instructions may look
strange. E.g., the Z80's 'IN B,(C)' and 'OUT (C),B' become
'INP B' and 'OUTP B', respectively; 'LD (nnnn),BC' becomes
'SBCD nnnn', 'ADD IX, BC' becomes 'DADX B', and 'JP (IX)'
becomes 'PCIX'.
L)ist on DDTZ
L L)oad now permits loading a file into memory with an
(R) offset, which is added to the default load address of
0100H. When reading in a .HEX file with a preset bias,
the 'R' command will not transfer control to an invalid
execution point. Another execution of the 'R' command will
reread the input file, e.g.:
n blah<ret>
l<ret>
...modify the code and generally mess about...
l<ret>
The original file is reloaded, and the modifications are
removed.
R)ead on DDTZ
E E)nter, like D)isplay, now accepts an optional second
(S) parameter to set the base value for a single execution
only.
S)ubstitute or S)et on DDTZ
T T)rap/trace on termination now shows the complete CPU
state. Traps and traces no longer lock up when a user RST
7 instruction is executed. Tracing of BDOS/BIOS calls is
heavily trun cated, avoiding clutter and preventing system
crashes.
NOTE: Most of the UNDOCUMENTED Z80 op-codes are handled. Others
can crash the system.
R R)egisters also shows what two-byte values the HL and SP
(X) registers are actually pointing to. On Z80's, displays the
alternate register set.
eX)amine on DDTZ
NOTE: Any use of the 'W' or 'L' command resets the system DMA
transfer address to the standard default value of 0080H.
; This is the output of DDTZ when disassembling OPTYPE.TRY
NOP LDA 06A4 MOV M,H
LXI B,06A4 DCX SP MOV M,L
STAX B INR A HLT
INX B DCR A MOV M,A
INR B MVI A,20 MOV A,B
DCR B CMC MOV A,C
MVI B,20 MOV B,B MOV A,D
RLC MOV B,C MOV A,E
EXAF MOV B,D MOV A,H
DAD B MOV B,E MOV A,L
LDAX B MOV B,H MOV A,M
DCX B MOV B,L MOV A,A
INR C MOV B,M ADD B
DCR C MOV B,A ADD C
MVI C,20 MOV C,B ADD D
RRC MOV C,C ADD E
DJNZ 0134 MOV C,D ADD H
LXI D,06A4 MOV C,E ADD L
STAX D MOV C,H ADD M
INX D MOV C,L ADD A
INR D MOV C,M ADC B
DCR D MOV C,A ADC C
MVI D,20 MOV D,B ADC D
RAL MOV D,C ADC E
JR 0134 MOV D,D ADC H
DAD D MOV D,E ADC L
LDAX D MOV D,H ADC M
DCX D MOV D,L ADC A
INR E MOV D,M SUB B
DCR E MOV D,A SUB C
MVI E,20 MOV E,B SUB D
RAR MOV E,C SUB E
JRNZ 0134 MOV E,D SUB H
LXI H,06A4 MOV E,E SUB L
SHLD 06A4 MOV E,H SUB M
INX H MOV E,L SUB A
INR H MOV E,M SBB B
DCR H MOV E,A SBB C
MVI H,20 MOV H,B SBB D
DAA MOV H,C SBB E
JRZ 0134 MOV H,D SBB H
DAD H MOV H,E SBB L
LHLD 06A4 MOV H,H SBB M
DCX H MOV H,L SBB A
INR L MOV H,M ANA B
DCR L MOV H,A ANA C
MVI L,20 MOV L,B ANA D
CMA MOV L,C ANA E
JRNC 0134 MOV L,D ANA H
LXI SP,06A4 MOV L,E ANA L
STA 06A4 MOV L,H ANA M
INX SP MOV L,L ANA A
INR M MOV L,M XRA B
DCR M MOV L,A XRA C
MVI M,20 MOV M,B XRA D
STC MOV M,C XRA E
JRC 0134 MOV M,D XRA H
DAD SP MOV M,E XRA L
XRA M JPE 06A4 SLAR M
XRA A XCHG SLAR A
ORA B CPE 06A4 SRAR B
ORA C XRI 20 SRAR C
ORA D RST 5 SRAR D
ORA E RP SRAR E
ORA H POP PSW SRAR H
ORA L JP 06A4 SRAR L
ORA M DI SRAR M
ORA A CP 06A4 SRAR A
CMP B PUSH PSW SLLR B
CMP C ORI 20 SLLR C
CMP D RST 6 SLLR D
CMP E RM SLLR E
CMP H SPHL SLLR H
CMP L JM 06A4 SLLR L
CMP M EI SLLR M
CMP A CM 06A4 SLLR A
RNZ CPI 20 SRLR B
POP B RST 7 SRLR C
JNZ 06A4 RLCR B SRLR D
JMP 06A4 RLCR C SRLR E
CNZ 06A4 RLCR D SRLR H
PUSH B RLCR E SRLR L
ADI 20 RLCR H SRLR M
RST 0 RLCR L SRLR A
RZ RLCR M BIT 0,B
RET RLCR A BIT 0,C
JZ 06A4 RRCR B BIT 0,D
CZ 06A4 RRCR C BIT 0,E
CALL 06A4 RRCR D BIT 0,H
ACI 20 RRCR E BIT 0,L
RST 1 RRCR H BIT 0,M
RNC RRCR L BIT 0,A
POP D RRCR M BIT 1,B
JNC 06A4 RRCR A BIT 1,C
OUT 20 RALR B BIT 1,D
CNC 06A4 RALR C BIT 1,E
PUSH D RALR D BIT 1,H
SUI 20 RALR E BIT 1,L
RST 2 RALR H BIT 1,M
RC RALR L BIT 1,A
EXX RALR M BIT 2,B
JC 06A4 RALR A BIT 2,C
IN 20 RARR B BIT 2,D
CC 06A4 RARR C BIT 2,E
SBI 20 RARR D BIT 2,H
RST 3 RARR E BIT 2,L
RPO RARR H BIT 2,M
POP H RARR L BIT 2,A
JPO 06A4 RARR M BIT 3,B
XTHL RARR A BIT 3,C
CPO 06A4 SLAR B BIT 3,D
PUSH H SLAR C BIT 3,E
ANI 20 SLAR D BIT 3,H
RST 4 SLAR E BIT 3,L
RPE SLAR H BIT 3,M
PCHL SLAR L BIT 3,A
BIT 4,B RES 3,D SET 2,H
BIT 4,C RES 3,E SET 2,L
BIT 4,D RES 3,H SET 2,M
BIT 4,E RES 3,L SET 2,A
BIT 4,H RES 3,M SET 3,B
BIT 4,L RES 3,A SET 3,C
BIT 4,M RES 4,B SET 3,D
BIT 4,A RES 4,C SET 3,E
BIT 5,B RES 4,D SET 3,H
BIT 5,C RES 4,E SET 3,L
BIT 5,D RES 4,H SET 3,M
BIT 5,E RES 4,L SET 3,A
BIT 5,H RES 4,M SET 4,B
BIT 5,L RES 4,A SET 4,C
BIT 5,M RES 5,B SET 4,D
BIT 5,A RES 5,C SET 4,E
BIT 6,B RES 5,D SET 4,H
BIT 6,C RES 5,E SET 4,L
BIT 6,D RES 5,H SET 4,M
BIT 6,E RES 5,L SET 4,A
BIT 6,H RES 5,M SET 5,B
BIT 6,L RES 5,A SET 5,C
BIT 6,M RES 6,B SET 5,D
BIT 6,A RES 6,C SET 5,E
BIT 7,B RES 6,D SET 5,H
BIT 7,C RES 6,E SET 5,L
BIT 7,D RES 6,H SET 5,M
BIT 7,E RES 6,L SET 5,A
BIT 7,H RES 6,M SET 6,B
BIT 7,L RES 6,A SET 6,C
BIT 7,M RES 7,B SET 6,D
BIT 7,A RES 7,C SET 6,E
RES 0,B RES 7,D SET 6,H
RES 0,C RES 7,E SET 6,L
RES 0,D RES 7,H SET 6,M
RES 0,E RES 7,L SET 6,A
RES 0,H RES 7,M SET 7,B
RES 0,L RES 7,A SET 7,C
RES 0,M SET 0,B SET 7,D
RES 0,A SET 0,C SET 7,E
RES 1,B SET 0,D SET 7,H
RES 1,C SET 0,E SET 7,L
RES 1,D SET 0,H SET 7,M
RES 1,E SET 0,L SET 7,A
RES 1,H SET 0,M DADX B
RES 1,L SET 0,A DADX D
RES 1,M SET 1,B LXI X,06A4
RES 1,A SET 1,C SIXD 06A4
RES 2,B SET 1,D INX X
RES 2,C SET 1,E DADX X
RES 2,D SET 1,H LIXD 06A4
RES 2,E SET 1,L DCX X
RES 2,H SET 1,M INR [X+05]
RES 2,L SET 1,A DCR [X+05]
RES 2,M SET 2,B MVI [X+05],20
RES 2,A SET 2,C DADX SP
RES 3,B SET 2,D MOV B,[X+05]
RES 3,C SET 2,E MOV C,[X+05]
MOV D,[X+05] DSBC B DADY B
MOV E,[X+05] SBCD 06A4 DADY D
MOV H,[X+05] NEG LXI Y,06A4
MOV L,[X+05] RETN SIYD 06A4
MOV [X+05],B IM0 INX Y
MOV [X+05],C LDIA DADY Y
MOV [X+05],D INP C LIYD 06A4
MOV [X+05],E OUTP C DCX Y
MOV [X+05],H DADC B INR [Y+05]
MOV [X+05],L LBCD 06A4 DCR [Y+05]
MOV [X+05],A RETI MVI [Y+05],2
MOV A,[X+05] LDRA DADY SP
ADD [X+05] INP D MOV B,[Y+05]
ADC [X+05] OUTP D MOV C,[Y+05]
SUB [X+05] DSBC D MOV D,[Y+05]
SBB [X+05] SDED 06A4 MOV E,[Y+05]
ANA [X+05] IM1 MOV H,[Y+05]
XRA [X+05] LDAI MOV L,[Y+05]
ORA [X+05] INP E MOV [Y+05],B
CMP [X+05] OUTP E MOV [Y+05],C
POP X DADC D MOV [Y+05],D
XTIX LDED 06A4 MOV [Y+05],E
PUSH X IM2 MOV [Y+05],H
PCIX LDAR MOV [Y+05],L
SPIX INP H MOV [Y+05],A
RLCR [X+05] OUTP H MOV A,[Y+05]
RRCR [X+05] DSBC H ADD [Y+05]
RALR [X+05] shld 06A4 ADC [Y+05]
RARR [X+05] RRD SUB [Y+05]
SLAR [X+05] INP L SBB [Y+05]
SRAR [X+05] OUTP L ANA [Y+05]
SRLR [X+05] DADC H XRA [Y+05]
BIT 0,[X+05] lhld 06A4 ORA [Y+05]
BIT 1,[X+05] RLD CMP [Y+05]
BIT 2,[X+05] INP M POP Y
BIT 3,[X+05] OUTP M XTIY
BIT 4,[X+05] DSBC SP PUSH Y
BIT 5,[X+05] SSPD 06A4 PCIY
BIT 6,[X+05] INP A SPIY
BIT 7,[X+05] OUTP A RLCR [Y+05]
RES 0,[X+05] DADC SP RRCR [Y+05]
RES 1,[X+05] LSPD 06A4 RALR [Y+05]
RES 2,[X+05] LDI RARR [Y+05]
RES 3,[X+05] CCI SLAR [Y+05]
RES 4,[X+05] INI SRAR [Y+05]
RES 5,[X+05] OTI SRLR [Y+05]
RES 6,[X+05] LDD BIT 0,[Y+05]
RES 7,[X+05] CCD BIT 1,[Y+05]
SET 0,[X+05] IND BIT 2,[Y+05]
SET 1,[X+05] OTD BIT 3,[Y+05]
SET 2,[X+05] LDIR BIT 4,[Y+05]
SET 3,[X+05] CCIR BIT 5,[Y+05]
SET 4,[X+05] INIR BIT 6,[Y+05]
SET 5,[X+05] OTIR BIT 7,[Y+05]
SET 6,[X+05] LDDR RES 0,[Y+05]
SET 7,[X+05] CCDR RES 1,[Y+05]
INP B INDR RES 2,[Y+05]
OUTP B OTDR RES 3,[Y+05]
RES 4,[Y+05] SET 0,[Y+05] SET 4,[Y+05]
RES 5,[Y+05] SET 1,[Y+05] SET 5,[Y+05]
RES 6,[Y+05] SET 2,[Y+05] SET 6,[Y+05]
RES 7,[Y+05] SET 3,[Y+05] SET 7,[Y+05]
; These are the result of disassembling 64180OPS.TRY
; These opcodes are available ONLY on the 64180 CPU
; DDTZ will both assemble and disassemble these.
IN0 B,20 TST E MLT B
OUT0 20,B IN0 H,20 MLT D
TST B OUT0 20,H TSTI 20
IN0 C,20 TST H MLT H
OUT0 20,C IN0 L,20 TSIO 20
TST C OUT0 20,L SLP
IN0 D,20 TST L MLT SP
OUT0 20,D TST M OTIM
TST D IN0 A,20 OTDM
IN0 E,20 OUT0 20,A OIMR
OUT0 20,E TST A ODMR
; The following are UNDOCUMENTED z80 opcodes from XTDOPS.TRY.
; DDTZ will disassemble these, but will not assemble them.
; They use xh/xl (or yh/yl) as separate byte registers.
; Use these at your own risk.
INRX H ACXR H MOVY H,B
DCRX H ACXR L MOVY H,C
MVIX H,20 SUXR H MOVY H,D
INRX L SUXR L MOVY H,E
DCRX L SBXR H MOVY H,A
MVIX L,20 SBXR L MOVY L,B
MOVX B,H NDXR H MOVY L,C
MOVX B,L NDXR L MOVY L,D
MOVX C,H XRXR H MOVY L,E
MOVX C,L XRXR L MOVY L,A
MOVX D,H ORXR H MOVY A,H
MOVX D,L ORXR L MOVY A,L
MOVX E,H CPXR H ADYR H
MOVX E,L CPXR L ADYR L
MOVX H,B INRY H ACYR H
MOVX H,C DCRY H ACYR L
MOVX H,D MVIY H,20 SUYR H
MOVX H,E INRY L SUYR L
MOVX H,A DCRY L SBYR H
MOVX L,B MVIY L,20 SBYR L
MOVX L,C MOVY B,H NDYR H
MOVX L,D MOVY B,L NDYR L
MOVX L,E MOVY C,H XRYR H
MOVX L,A MOVY C,L XRYR L
MOVX A,H MOVY D,H ORYR H
MOVX A,L MOVY D,L ORYR L
ADXR H MOVY E,H CPYR H
ADXR L MOVY E,L CPYR L
Command Summary:
===============
DDTZM command DDTZ command
============= ============
@ (base)
A)ssemble first_address A
B)egin {i.e., initialize stack and return} B
C)ompare first_address,last_address,against_address C
D)ump first_address[,last_address[,base]] D
E)nter_in_memory first_address[,base] S)ubstitute
F)ill first_address,last_address,value F
G)o_to [address][,trap1[,trap2]] G
H)ex_arithmetic value1(,value2) H
L)oad_file (offset) R)ead
M)ove first_address,last_address,destination M
N)nput FCBs_command_line I)nput
Q)uit (not avail)
R)egister examine/change [register|flag] X)amine
S)earch first_address,last_address,word W)hereis
T)race_execution [count] T
Untrace_execution [count] (i.e. do count instr) U)ntrace
U)nassemble_code first_address[,last_address] L)ist code
W)rite [first_address,last_address] K)eep
X)amine {i.e. display memory parameters for application} Q)uery
Y)our_option BC:=parm1,DE:=parm2,call_address Y
Z)80_register_display Z
If you find this program useful, contributions will be gratefully
accepted and will encourage further development and release of
useful CPM programs. My practice is to include source.
C.B. Falconer
680 Hartford Turnpike,
Hamden, Conn. 06517 (203) 281-1438
DDTZ and its associated documentation and other files are
copyright (c) 1980-1988 by C.B. Falconer. They may be freely
copied and used for non-commercial purposes ONLY.
⌠┘
