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Cancer - Principles & Practice of Oncology
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CHAP6
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F2B.CAP
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1999-06-07
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806b
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FIGURE 6-2B. Cyclin-dependent kinases control cell cycle transitions.
The activity of cyclin-dependent kinases can be inhibited at least at
six different levels: (1 and 2) cyclins are synthesized and degraded
at specific stages of the cycle; (3) cdk's must associate with cyclins
in order to be active; (4) cdks complexed with cyclins must be
activated by a CAK; (5) cdks are inactivated by phosphorylation
at threonine 14 and tyrosine 15 and can be reactivated by phosphatases
acting on these sites; and (6) cdk inhibitor proteins can prevent
either the assembly of cyclin/cdk complexes (a) or the activation of
the cdk in the complex (b). The activated cyclin/cdk complex
phosphorylates substrates necessary for transition to the next cell
cycle phase.