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1993-06-14
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$Unique_ID{PAR00160}
$Pretitle{}
$Title{Medical Advice: Sunburn}
$Subtitle{}
$Author{
Editors of Consumer Guide
Chasnoff, Ira J}
$Subject{Sunburn Sunburns Red blister blisters blistering pain painful skin
exposure sunscreen sunscreens burned cold water compresses cocoa butter burn
ointment baking soda water paste aspirin acetaminophen antihistamines
para-aminobenzoic acid PABA titanium dioxide sulisobenzone swim swimming Skin
damage sunlamp sunlamps fever fatigue weakness heat burns fair complexion
complexions hives rash rashes sun poisoning inflamed blistered overexposure
ultraviolet light tetracycline chlorpromazine griseofulvin coal-tar ointment
ointments sensitivity sensitivities}
$Log{}
Your Child: A Medical Guide
Sunburn
Quick Reference
SYMPTOM
- Red, blistering, painful skin
HOME CARE
- Prevent sunburn by regulating the child's exposure to the sun and using
an appropriate sunscreen.
- If the child does get burned, apply cold water compresses to the burned
area, followed by cocoa butter, burn ointment, or a paste of baking
soda and water.
- Give aspirin or acetaminophen for pain and nonprescription
antihistamines for itching.
- Avoid breaking the blisters of sunburn.
PRECAUTIONS
- The sunscreen used on a child should contain para-aminobenzoic acid
(PABA), titanium dioxide, or sulisobenzone.
- Sunscreens come off in water. Follow the instructions for reapplying
the product after the child has been swimming.
- Remember that children and babies can be burned by sunlight coming
through an open window.
- Use sunburn medication sparingly; it can be absorbed through the skin
and cause side effects.
- Skin damage from overuse of sunlamps is often seen in teenagers.
- Some medications increase sensitivity to the sun. Ask the doctor if a
medication your child is taking has this effect.
- A child who has a sunburn accompanied by fever or extreme fatigue or
weakness needs a doctor's care.
- Fair-skinned babies and children can burn even on cloudy days or in the
shade.
Sunburn is a heat burn, usually of the first degree. Babies and children
who have fair complexions are particularly susceptible to sunburn, even on
cloudy days or in the shade. Occasionally, sunburn causes a skin rash that
resembles hives or the rash caused by poison ivy. This condition is called
sun poisoning.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Sunburn causes the skin to become inflamed, blistered, and painful, and
the diagnosis is usually immediately obvious. The rash caused by sun
poisoning, however, may not appear for several days after exposure to the sun.
HOME CARE
Apply cold water compresses to the burned area, followed by cocoa butter,
commercial burn ointments, or a paste made of baking soda and water. Do not
break the blisters. Give the child aspirin or acetaminophen to relieve pain
and nonprescription antihistamines to reduce itching.
PRECAUTIONS
- The most important aspect of home treatment is prevention. A child's
exposure to the sun should begin slowly and be gradually increased.
- Apply sunscreens to filter out damaging rays of the sun, but remember
that sunscreens offer only limited protection; the child who is out in
the sun for too long can still get sunburned. For a child, select a
sunscreen that contains para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), titanium
dioxide, or sulisobenzone.
- Remember that all sunscreens wash off when the child goes swimming or
even perspires. Follow the instructions on the product's package for
reapplying the sunscreen.
- Sunscreens may cause a mild rash on some people. If a rash appears,
switch to another product.
- Infants and children may receive a severe burn from sunlight coming
through open windows, especially in the car. Be sure that children are
protected by sunscreens.
- Sunburn medication applied to large areas of sunburn can be absorbed into
the body and produce side effects. Use such medications sparingly.
- Injury to the skin from overexposure to ultraviolet light from sunlamps
is common among teenagers.
- Some medications (for example, tetracycline, chlorpromazine,
griseofulvin, and coal-tar ointments) increase the sensitivity of the
skin to sunburn. Ask your doctor if a medication your child is taking
has this effect. If your child is taking one of these medications, be
extra careful about protecting him from the sun by using a sunscreen
and limiting exposure to the sun.
- Take the child to a doctor if he has a sunburn plus a fever or extreme
fatigue and weakness.
MEDICAL TREATMENT
Your doctor will treat your child's sunburn the same as any other type of
burn. A child who has a severe burn will be hospitalized for treatment.
RELATED TOPICS: Blisters; Burns