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RS232-3.CHP
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1993-11-14
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9KB
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391 lines
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#EF
#T*** CABLE CONFIGURATION ***
#C4,R5
~Y~I~zThe Straight-Through Cable:~N
#BN,6,7,77,15,3,0,1,7,0,7
A Straight-through cable connects a wire from pin 1 on side 1 to
pin 1 on side 2. Another wire from pin 2 on side 1 connects pin 2
on side 2. Still another wire from pin 3 side 1 connects pin 3
side 2, and so on.
The standard PC-to-modem cable is an example of the straight
through cable.
#BN,6,20,77,24,3,0,1,3,15,6
The 25 pins of RS-232 was designed with the straight through cable
in mind.
#WN
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#EF
#T
#C4,R5
~W~I~zA Small Cable Problem Example:~N
#BN,5,9,76,15,3,0,1,5,0,7
Let's say we have a client with a modem as it turns out never
applies power to pin 5, CTS. It powers up pin 6, DSR, and 8,
DCD, when carrier is detected.
~W~IThe state of the leads were determined by use of a tester
called |Break Out Box|.~N
~W~IThe terminal will not communicate without the CTS lead in
|high state|.~N
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#EF
#T
#C4,R5
~W~ISolution:~N
#BN,5,9,79,22,3,0,1,11,15,6
Construct a cable that is straight-through except for pin 5. We know
DCD is working and switches to high state during a communication
attempt. Since the PC is looking for a CTS on pin 5, place a jumper
wire from DCD pin 8 to pin 5 in the connector at the PC side. Now when
DCD is raised, CTS will also go to a high state and show activity.
Your client will be very happy with your success.
#WP,N
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#T
#C4,R5
~W~I~zPC-to-PC and DTE to Serial Printer Cable Design:~N
~Y~I~yNow we will design a cable many people find useful.~N ~HMany cables are
just variations of the straight-through cable.~N Others are designed
to solve the |null modem| problem. ~W~I~gRemember, RS-232 is designed to
connect DTEs to DCEs.~N Both the printer and terminals have DTE-type
interfaces. ~Y~I~FAccording to the RS-232 standard, you can not directly
connect two DTE interfaces.~N ~W~I~yDTE-type interface require modem (DCE)
circuits between them.~N
#WP
#QQ,B,5
QUICK QUESTION:
A TYPE OF CABLE SUCH THAT PIN 1 THROUGH PIN 25 ON ONE
SIDE IS WIRED TO PINS 1 THROUGH 25 ON THE OTHER SIDE
IS CALLED:
STRAIGHT THROUGH
STRAIGHT,through,straight through
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#T
#BN,5,5,79,11,3,0,1,5,15,6
One solution would be to hook up a modem to the printer, another
to the terminal, and run the shortest phone line you've ever seen
between two modems.
#BN,5,13,79,19,3,0,1,5,15,5
A better solution would be to construct a cable which allows us
to avoid the two modems, called a modem elimimator or null modem
cable.
~H~FRemember~N, ~Hwe're trying to get two DTE's to talk to each other.
Both are trying to transmit on line 2 and receive on line 3.~N
#WP,N
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#T
TD 2 -------------------- 3 RD
RD 3 -------------------- 2 TD
SG 7 -------------------- 7 SG
#C4
~K~Y~IThis is a simple null modem cable without control leads.~N~k ~W~I~cLine 7
is included because it is the signal ground and must be present to
ensure that both sides agree on what a high signal and a low signal
represents.~N ~FNotice pins 2 and 3 are crossed~N.
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#C4,R6
~W~I~mMany times the simple null modem cable works because most software
packages make only minimal use of control leads.~N ~Y~IMost have no
need of control leads at all if flow control is not needed.~N ~W~I~yA
Break Out Box is used to determine whether flow control leads are being used
during transmissions.~N
~Y~I~rContinuing the development of the more complex null modem cable using
flow control, next we address power status lines 6 and 20.~N
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#C4,R6
~Y~I~mBoth Terminals are DTEs and they're both activating line 20 while
at the same time looking for activity on line 6, DSR.~N
~Y~I~FNeither of the DTE's are activating lead 6.~N ~Y~I~gWe can address this in
one of two ways. One preserves the |handshake protocol|, the other one
does not.~N
~W~I~yThe method that preserves the handshake is the crossover: 6 on side 1
to 20 on side 2. Lead 20 on side 1 to 6 on side 2.~N
#WP
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#EF
#T
NULL MODEM CABLE
TD 2 -------------------- 3 RD
RD 3 -------------------- 2 TD
DSR 6 -------------------- 20 DTR
SG 7 -------------------- 7 SG
DTR 20 ------------------- 6 DSR
#BN,6,20,79,22,3,0,1,1,14,4
The handshake configuration looks like the above design
#WP,N
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#C4,R7
~Y~I~rThe second null modem cable design does not preserve handshake.~N
~HConsider that all each side need is to see activity on line 6
when there is activity on line 20.~N ~Y~I~gWe solve this by wrapping the
lines around on each side so that each side is controlling its
own DTR and DSR.~N ~W~I~yWhen the terminal activates DTR on line 20, DSR
on line 6 is also activated in this configuration.~N ~HDSR on line 6
will maintain a +3 volts and remain high as long as DTR is high.~N
#WP,N
#QQ,B,4
QUICK QUESTION:
WHICH RS232 LEAD ENSURES EACH SIDE KNOWS THE
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A "HIGH SIGNAL" AND A "LOW SIGNAL" ?
PIN 7
7,pin7,seven
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#EF
#T
~G~I NULL MODEM CABLE
TD 2 -------------------- 3 RD
RD 3 -------------------- 2 TD
SG 7 -------------------- 7 SG
DSR 6 -- -- 6 DSR
L L
DTR 20 -- -- 20 DTR
~N
#BN,6,20,79,22,3,0,1,1,14,4
In this configuration, link DTR to DSR on each side of the cable.
#WP
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#C5,R4
~W~I~zAdvantages:~N
~H~KWhich is the better null modem design?~N~k ~W~I~cIf the equipment actually
uses lead 6 and 20, you need the handshake crossover method.~N ~Y~IIf you
are using equipment that does not use handshaking, it doesn't matter
which method.~N ~W~I~yIf you are running long cables and the number of wires
in each cable is important cost-wise, the no-handshake method is
the better one to use.~N
~Y~I~rThe RTS and CTS are completed in a similar manner. You can cross
leads 4 and 5 from one side of the cable to the next or link leads 4
and 5 on each side.~N
#WP,N
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#EF
#T
~HNULL MODEM CABLE
TD 2 -------------------- 3 RD
RD 3 -------------------- 2 TD
RTS 4 -------------------- 5 CTS
CTS 5 -------------------- 4 RTS
DSR 6 -------------------- 20 DTR
SG 7 -------------------- 7 SG
DTR 20 ------------------- 6 DSR~N
~Y~I~rRTS/CTS Control leads added~N
#WP,N
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#C5,R5
~W~I~yLast is the DCD |carrier| lead pin 8.~N ~HMany software packages require
a DCD signal before |polling| is activated.~N ~Y~I~rSince DCD is an input
for the equipment on both sides of the cable, we need a active lead
to connect them to.~N
~W~I~cWe can link the DCD on each side of the cable to lead 20, DTR.~N
~H~FShown on the next page is the complete null modem cable with
control leads~N. ~W~I~rThis cable can be used from a DTE-type terminal
to a serial printer or for communications between two personal
computers.~N
#WP,N
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#EF
#T
~W~I NULL MODEM CABLE
TD 2 -------------------- 3 RD
RD 3 -------------------- 2 TD Link Carrier leads
to
RTS 4 -------------------- 5 CTS Data terminal ready
CTS 5 -------------------- 4 RTS
SG 7 -------------------- 7 SG
DTR 20 ------------------- 6 DSR
L
DCD 8 ----------------- 8 DCD
L
DSR 6 ------------------- 20 DTR ~N
~Y~I~rRTS/CTS Control leads added~N
#WP,N
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#EF
#SK,R,R,1
#T15,1
#BO,20,7,60,17,7,1,1,8,15,1
WASN'T THAT A FUN AND INTERESTING
CHAPTER !!
NOW TRY THE CABLE CONFIGURATION TEST.
PAGEBACK IF YOU NEED TO REVIEW BEFORE
YOU TAKE IT.
#AC,32,11,15,1,~b~W~I~FGOOD LUCK, ~U1~N
#WP,N
#QT,Q,RS232-3
#WP,N
#QT,T,RS232-3
#W,N,P
#EF
#SK,R,R,3
#VNOTFREE.VOI
#WP
#X