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chapter5.6g
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à 5.6èParticipial Phrases
ä:èIn the sentences in the Example, underline the present
and past participial phrases.
âS:
#ë╕Interrupted by the phone call╗, the man in his study growled.ïThe
#kitchen, ╕recently remodeled with elegant cabinets and ultra modern wall
#╕paper╗, was impressive.ïThe store was quite bare, ╕consisting of lit-
#╕tle more than a scatter rug and a small chair╗.
éS Present and past participial phrases are one kind of verbal
phrase, as are gerund phrases.ïThese act only as adjectives and
include a present or past participle and attached words.ïNote that a
present or past participial phrase may come before or after the noun
#it modifies.ïIn ╖Driven by the rain, the trash can slammed against the
#╖garage, driven by the rain ╗is a past participial phrase modifying the
#noun ╖can╗.ï≈╖Driven╗ is the past participle, and ╖by the rain╗ is a
#prepositional phrase attached to it.ïIn ╖Applauded for fixing the break
#╖in the dam, the engineer shyly bowed, applauded for fixing the break in
#╖the dam╗ is a past participial phrase that contains the past participle
#╖applauded╗ plus a prepositional phrase in which the object of the pre-
#position ╖for╗ is the gerund phrase ╖fixing the break in the dam╗.
1.èWhich one of the following sentences contains a present
participial phrase?
A)ïHave you been preparing for the dust storm?
B)ïHis occupation was defusing bombs for the army.
C)ïSwinging on the ladder, the boy dared anyone to catch him.
D)ïå
#ü ╢Swinging on the ladder╗ is a present participial phrase modify-
#ing the noun╢ boy.ïSwinging╗ is the present participle, and ╢on the
#╢ladder╗ is the attached prepositional phrase.ïIn another sentence,
#╖preparing╗ is the main verb in the verb phrase ╖have been preparing.╗
#In the remaining sentence, ╖defusing╗ is a gerund in the predicate noun
#gerund phrase ╖defusing bombs for the army╗.
Ç C
2.èWhich one of the following sentences contains a present
participial phrase?
A)ïThe monkey, screeching uncontrollably, scampered all over the cage.
B)ïAre you interested in composing songs for my band?
C)ïFrom her bedroom window, Sally might have been watching the hay-
è ride pass by.
D)ïå
#ü ╢Screeching uncontrollably╗ is a present participial phrase used
#as an adjective modifying the noun ╢monkey.ïScreeching╗ is the present
#participle, and╢ uncontrollably╗ is an adverb attached to it.ïIn anoth-
#er sentence, ╖composing songs for my band╗ is a gerund phrase acting as
#the object of the preposition ╖in.ïComposing╗ is the gerund.ïIn the
#remaining sentence, ╖watching╗ is a present participle used as a main
#verb in the verb phrase ╖might have been watching╗.
Ç B
3.èWhich one of the following sentences contains a present
participial phrase?
A)ïI, trembling in the crawl space of my house, was able to withstand
è the tornado.
B)ïBlocking the way was a 500-ton tractor trailer.
C)ïWhy are you fidgeting so much?
D)ïå
#ü ╢Trembling in the crawl space of my house╗ is a present partici-
#pial phrase modifying the pronoun ╢I╗.ï╢Trembling╗ is the present par-
#ticiple followed by the two prepositional phrases ╢in the crawl space
#and ╢of my house╗.ïIn another sentence, ╖blocking the way╗ is a gerund
#phrase acting as the subject of the verb form ╖was╗.ï╖Blocking╗ is the
#gerund.ïIn the remaining sentence, ╖are fidgeting╗ is a verb phrase,
#with ╖fidgeting╗ as the present participle acting as the main verb.
Ç A
4.èWhich one of the following sentences contains a present
participial phrase?
A)ïAfter rehearsing for weeks, we finally were ready for the long-
è awaited performance.
B)ïThey had been loitering around the vines in my back yard.
C)ïI was stuck in the cellar, crying for help.
D)ïå
#ü ╢Crying for help╗ is a present participial phrase modifying the
#pronoun ╢I╗.ï╢Crying╗ is the present participle followed by the prepo-
#sitional phrase ╢for help╗.ïIn another sentence, ╖rehearsing for weeks
#is a gerund phrase used as the object of the preposition ╖after╗.ï╖Re-
#╖hearsing╗ is the gerund.ïIn the remaining sentence, ╖loitering╗ is a
#present participle acting as the main verb in the verbal phrase ╖had
#╖been loitering╗.
Ç C
5.èWhich one of the following sentences contains a present
participial phrase?
A)ïThe man biting his wrist looks fearful.
B)ïHave you been pulling at his ponytail?
C)ïI like hollering in the lobby.
D)ïå
#ü ╢Biting his wrist╗ is a present participial phrase modifying the
#noun ╢man.ïBiting╗ is the present participle, and ╢his wrist╗ is its
#object.ïIn another sentence, ╖have been pulling╗ is a verbal phrase in
#which ╖pulling╗, the present participle, acts as the main verb.ïIn the
#remaining sentence, ╖hollering in the lobby╗ is a gerund phrase used as
#a direct object of the verb like; ╖hollering╗ is the gerund.
Ç A
6.èWhich one of the following sentences contains a present
participial phrase?
A)ïDigging underground enables you to discover buried cable.
B)ïBehind the cesspool the hornets, by vibrating their stingers, got
è clean.
C)ïI should be underlining the essential passages in this book.
D)ïå
#ü There are no participial phrases in ç sentences.ï╖Digging
#╖underground╗ is a gerund phrase acting as the subject of the verb form
#╖enables; digging╗ is the gerund.ï╖Vibrating their stingers╗ is a ger-
#und phrase used as the object of the preposition ╖by╗;╖ vibrating╗ is
#the gerund.ï╖Should be underlining╗ is a verbal phrase with the parti-
#cipial phrase ╖underlining╗ acting as the main verb.
Ç D
7.èWhich one of the following sentences contains a past parti-
cipial phrase?
A)ïI have been reminded that oysters are scavengers.
B)ïDeepened by years of erosion, the sand dunes looked like caverns.
C)ïIs he so set in his ways that he will not budge from his easy chair
è when he hears someone knock on the door?
D)ïå
#ü ╢Deepened by years of erosion╗ is a past participial phrase modi-
#fying the noun╢ dunes.ïDeepened╗ is the past participle, followed by
#the two attached prepositional phrases ╢by years╗ and ╢of erosion╗.ïIn
#another sentence,ï╖have been reminded╗ is a verb phrase containing the
#past participle ╖reminded╗ as the main verb.ïIn the remaining sentence,
#╖is set╗ is a verb phrase containing the past participle ╖set╗ as the
main verb.
Ç B
8.èWhich one of the following sentences contains a past
participial phrase?
A)ïThe troll, abandoned by the ghouls, needed a good night's rest.
B)ïThe targets were scattered on the hillside.
C)ïAre you able to say honestly that Horace has been badly affected
è by the food at boot camp?
D)ïå
#ü ╢Abandoned by the ghouls╗ is a past participial phrase modifying
#the noun╢ troll.ïAbandoned╗ is the past participle, and ╢by the ghouls
#is the attached prepositional phrase.ïIn another sentence, ╖were scat-
#╖tered╗ is a verb phrase containing the past participle ╖scattered╗ as
#the main verb.ïIn the remaining sentence, ╖has been affected╗ is a verb
#phrase containing the past participle ╖affected╗, the main verb.
Ç A
9.èWhich one of the following sentences contains a past
participial phrase?
A)ïI was sucked into the turbulent current, deprived of any hope of
è being rescued.
B)ïHas she been delighted with her new home on the river?
C)ïThe manager, tired and troubled, had to fire all newly hired help.
D)ïå
#ü ╢Deprived╗╢ of any hope of being rescued╗ is a past participial
#phrase modifying the pronoun ╢I.ïDeprived╗ is the past participle
#followed by the two attached prepositional phrases╢ of any hope╗ and
#╢of any rescue╗.ïIn that same sentence, ╖was sucked╗ is a verb phrase
#containing the past participle ╖sucked╗ as the main verb.ïIn another
#sentence, ╖has been delighted╗ is a verb phrase containing the past
#participle╖ delighted╗╗ as the main verb.ïIn the remaining sentence,
#╖tired╗ and ╖troubled╗ are past participles modifying the noun ╖mana-
#╖ger╗, but they are not in a phrase because no other words are attached
to them.
Ç A
10.èWhich one of the following sentences contains a present
participial phrase and a past participial phrase?
A)ïThe actress, followed by two ushers, sat in her reserved seat.
B)ïTempting fate, the hero, surrounded by grizzlies, hurtled the log.
C)ïWe are involved in a proposal that will be getting a lot of
è attention soon.
D)ïå
#ü ╢Tempting fate╗ is a present participial phrase modifying the
#noun ╢hero╗, and ╢surrounded by grizzlies╗ is a past participial phrase
#modifying the same noun ╢hero╗.ï╢Tempting╗ is a present participle
#followed by its object ╢fate.ïSurrounded╗ is a past participle fol-
#lowed by the attached object of the preposition ╢by grizzlies╗.ïIn
#another sentence, ╖followed by two ushers╗ is a past participial phrase
#modifying the noun ╖actress╗, and ╖reserved╗ is a past participle modi-
#fying the noun ╖seat╗.ïIn the remaining sentence, there are no parti-
#cipial phrases, only the past participle ╖involved╗ as the main verb in
#the verb phrase ╖are involved╗, and the present participle ╖getting╗ as
#the main verb in the verb phrase ╖will be getting.
Ç B