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chapter7.1g
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à 7.1èAgreement with Compound Subjects
ä:èIn the Example, underline the sentences in which
the subjects and verbs agree.
#âS:ï╕Eric and Judy stare into the sky╗.
#êè ╗The swans and the goose is playful.
#êè ╕Neither the trays nor the bookend is dusty╗.
#êï╗ïEither the jump ropes or the sleigh bell are to be sold.
#éS When the coordinating conjunction ╖and╗ separates two or more
subjects from the same present tense verb, the verb will be plural
#(unless the subjects are the singular indefinite pronouns ╖each╗ and
#╖every╗ or common expressions like ╖bread and butter╗ in which the two
subjects are seen as one unit and would thus take a singular verb).
#It makes no difference if the last subject after the ╖and╗ is singular;
#the verb still will be plural.ïIn ╖The wasps and the bee fly near me╗,
#even though ╖bee╗ is singular and normally would require a verb in the
#present tense to take a third person singular ╖es╗ or ╖s╗ ending, be-
#cause ╖bee╗ is part of the compound subject connected by an ╖and╗, the
verb will be plural, that is, it will be written as the base form of
#the verb.ïThe two or more subjects joined by ╖and╗ thus become the
#equivalent of the pronoun ╖they╗--whether or not the last one in the
series is singular or plural.ïOn the other hand, if the correlative
#conjunctions ╖either╗╖---╖or╗, or ╖neither---nor╗ are used to join com-
pound subjects in a present tense situation, the subject closest to the
verb will determine if that verb will be singular or plural.ïIf the
subject closest to the verb is singular, then the verb is singular.
If the subject closest to the verb is plural, then the verb is plural.
#For example, in ╖Neither her many joys nor her one sorrow shows in her
#╖face╗, ╗the singular verb form ╖is╗ is correctly used because the sub-
#ject ╖sorrow╗ directly preceding it is a third person singular noun,
(the equivalent of the pronoun it) that in the present tense requires
#an ╖s╗ or ╖es╗ ending to the base form of the verb.
1.èWhich one of the following sentences contains subject-
verb agreement in the present tense?
A)ïThe sportsmen and Tommy is dressed in red flannel shirts.
B)ïRick and the children seem to be getting along well.
C)ïThe Hopewells, Sue, Margaret, and I am happy to be at the swank
è luncheon.
D)ïå
#ü Because ╢Rick╗ and ╢children╗ are joined by an ╢and╗, they are
considered to be the equivalent of the third person plural pronoun
#╢they╗.ïThe verb form ╢seem╗ agrees with the pronoun ╢they╗.ïThus
#there is subject-verb agreement between the subjects ╢Rick╗ and ╢chil-
#╢dren╗ and the verb ╢seem╗.ïIn another sentence, an ╖and╗ joins ╖
#╖sportsmen╗ to ╖Tony╗, making both of ç subjects require a third
#person plural verb form in the present tense.ïBecause ╖is╗ is a third
#person singular verb form, the subjects and verb do not agree.ï╖Are
would be the correct verb form to use.ïIn the remaining sentence,
even though three of the four subjects are singular, and the plural
subject is furthest removed from the verb, the verb still must be plu-
#ral because the coordinating conjunction ╖and╗ joins the subjects.ï╖Are
#should thus replace the third person singular verb form ╖am╗.
Ç B
2.èWhich one of the following sentences contains subject-verb
agreement in the present tense?
A)ïNeither Jackson nor the Joneses remain sleepy.
B)ïNeither the girls nor the boy practice.
C)ïNeither the golfer nor the gophers stays outside today.
D)ïå
#üèIn ╢Neither Jackson nor the Joneses remain sleepy╗, the subject
#╢Jackson ╗and ╢Joneses ╗agree ╗with the verb form ╢are╗.ï╢Neither--nor
is a correlative conjunction joining a singular and a plural subject.
The plural subject is closest to the verb.ïTherefore the verb must be
#plural.ï╢Remain ╗is a third person plural verb that agrees with the
#plural proper noun ╢Joneses.ï╗In another sentence, ╖neither--nor ╗con-
#nects the two subjects ╖girls ╗and ╖boy╗, with the singular noun ╖boy╗
being the closest to the verb.ïThus the verb should be third person
#╖╗╗singular (having an ╕S╗ or ╕es╗ ending); so ╕practice╗ is the wrong
#verb ╖neither--nor ╗connects a singular and a plural subject. The plural
#subject ╖gophers ╗is closer to the verb, so that the verb should be
#plural.ï╖Stays╗, however, is a third person singular verb form.ïThe ╖s
#should be dropped so that it can agree with the plural subject ╖gophers.
Ç A
3.èWhich one of the following sentences contains subject-verb
agreement in the present tense?
A)ïEither Maria or Sylvia choose the rug.
B)ïEither the Katzes or the Satzes demands fat-free yogurt.
C)ïEither Pearl or Perry helps the chef.
D)ïå
#üèIn ╢Either Pearl or Perry helps the chef╗, there is subject-
#verb agreement.ïThe correlative conjunction ╢either--or╗ joins two
singular subjects.ïBecause the subject closer to the verb is singular,
#the verb must be singular as well.ï╢Helps ╗is a third person singular
#verb form agreeing with ╢Perry╗, a third person singular proper noun.
#In another sentence, the correlative conjunction ╖either--or╗ connects
#the two plural subjects ╖Katzes ╗and ╖Satzes╗; thus the closer subject
#to the verb would be plural.ï╖Demands╗, however, is a third person
#singular verb form.ïThe ╖s╗ should be removed to make it agree with the
#third person plural proper noun ╖Satzes╗.ïIn the remaining sentence,
#both subjects connected by the correlative conjunction ╖either--or ╗are
#singular, so the verb should have a singular ending, ╖s╗ or ╖es╗.ï╖
#╖Choose╗, therefore, is an incorrect verb form.ïAdding an ╖s ╗to ╖
#╖choose ╗would create subject-verb agreement.
Ç C
4.èWhich one of the following sentences contains subject-verb
agreement in the present tense?
A)ïNeither opera nor jazz are found on WXYZ.
B)ïThe Browns and Hilda goes to big parties on Saturday nights.
C)ïEither the Shapiros or Mr. Cooper recites the blessing over the wine.
D)ïå
#üèThere is subject-verb agreement in the sentence ╢Either the
#╢Shapiros or Mr. Cooper recites the blessing over the wine.ï╗The correl
#ative conjunction ╢either--or╗ joins the plural subject ╢╢Shapiros ╗to
#the singular subject ╢Cooper╗.ïThe closer subject to the verb form ╢
#╢recites ╗is ╢Cooper╗, a third person singular proper noun.ïThe verb
#form ╢recites ╗is also a third person singular verb, so it agrees with
#its subject.ïIn another sentence, the two singular nouns ╖opera ╗and
#╖jazz ╗are connected by the correlative conjunction ╖neither--nor╗.ïBe-
#cause the third person singular subject ╖jazz ╗directly precedes the
#verb, that verb should be third person singular as well.ï╖Are╗, how-
#ever, is not third person singular.ïIt needs to be changed to ╖is╗ for
proper agreement with its subject.ïIn the remaining sentence, the
#coordinating conjunction ╖and ╗connects the two subjects, the ╖Browns
#and ╖Hilda╗ but the verb form ╕goes╗ is not a plural verb form--thus
#omit the ╕es╗.
Ç C
5.èWhich one of the following sentences contains subject-verb
agreement in the present tense?
A)ïEvery book and magazine look newly bound.
B)ïEach bed and couch have water damage.
C)ïEvery nail and screw costs very little.
D)ïå
#üèThere is subject-verb agreement in the sentence ╢Every nail and
#╢screw costs very little.ï╗The indefinite pronouns ╢each ╗and ╢every ╗
when used as adjectives modifying subjects connected by the coordinating
#conjunction ╢and ╗require a singular verb.ï╢Every ╗joins the subjects
#╢╢nail ╗and ╢screw.ï╗Because ╢costs ╗is a third person singular verb
#form, subject-verb agreement is established.ïIn another sentence, ╖Each
#╖bed and couch have water damage╗, the subjects ╖bed ╗and ╖couch ╗do not
#agree with the verb form ╖have╗.ïWith ╖each╗ in front of them, ç
#nouns joined by the coordinating conjunction ╖and ╗require a third
#person singular verb. ╖Have╗ should thus be changed to ╖has╗. In the re-
#maining sentence, ╖Every book and magazine look newly bound╗, the sub-
#jects ╖book ╗and ╖magazine ╗do not agree with the verb ╖look╗.ïWith
#╖every ╗in front of them, ç nouns ╗require a third person singular
#verb form; thus ╖look ╗should be changed to ╖looks╗.
Ç C
6.èWhich one of the following sentences contains subject-verb
agreement in the present tense?
A)ïMacaroni and cheese are not my favorite combination.
B)ïNeither the five hundred elephants nor the one giraffe have any
è room in the vessel.
C)ïEvery magician and the Mohigan appear to be uncomfortable.
D)ïå
üèThere is no subject-verb agreement in any of ç sentences.
#Because ╢macaroni ╗and ╢cheese╗ is a common expression used as one unit
#(it is therefore an ╢it╗), a third person singular verb is required.
#Thus ╢are ╗needs to be changed to ╢is╗.ïIn another sentence,the
#correlative conjunction ╖neither--nor╗ joins the plural subject
#╖elephants ╗and the singular subject ╖giraffe.ï╗Because ╖giraffe╗, a
third person singular noun, is closest to the verb, that verb must be
#third person singular as well. Thus have ╗needs to be changed to ╖has╗.
#In the remaining sentence, ╖every╗ is a singular indefinite pronoun used
#as an adjective modifying the two singular subjects ╖magician ╗and
#╖Mohigan ╗joined by the coordinating conjunction ╖and╗. In such a situa-
#tion, the verb must be third person singular.ïTherefore, ╖appear ╗needs
#to be changed to ╖╖appears╗.
Ç D