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à 0.1ïThe Origins of Trigonometry
äïPlease answer the following questions about the origins
of trigonometry.
âïWhat is the meaning of the word "trigonometry?"
êThe word trigonometry comes from a combination of three
êGreek words meaning "three-angle measurement."
éSïThe word trigonometry comes from a combination of three Greek
words meaning "three-angle measurement."ïPitiscus, a man of German
nationality, is credited with first using this word as the title of
his book written in 1595.ïSome beginnings of trigonometry, however, can
be traced back to ancient times in countries such as Egypt and Babylon.
The first person generally thought to have organized this area of
mathematics into one body of work is the Greek, Hipparchus.ïThis was
done in the second century B.C., yet none of his papers remain.
Another treatment of this area of mathematics does exist, however,
and was written by the Greek astronomer, Ptolemy, in the second cen-
tury A.D.
è The first applications of trigonometry were primarily in the field
of astronomy in the early centuries.ïLater ç same methods of
measuring distances and angles across voids of space were applied to
many physical problems including navigation, surveying, and other vector
applications.ïIn more recent times, analytic trigonometry has be-
come an important part of many applications found in the study of
calculus and in differential equations.
è In this program we will take the historical approach to trigono-
metry.ïThe "zero chapter" provides a review of all the background
information about triangles from plane geometry that you will need
in order to solve triangles.ïSolving triangles means to find the
lengths of all the sides and the measures of all the angles.ïWe will
look first at solving some special triangles, then the general solu-
tion of right triangles, and finally the solution of arbitrary oblique
triangles.ïWe will then begin analytic trigonometry by graphing the
trigonometric functions of any angle.ïThis will be followed by graphs
of the inverse trigonometric functions.ïProving identities, solving
vector problems, working in the polar coordinate system, and finding
the trigonometric form of complex numbers will be covered.ïThere will
also be a comprehensive treatment of applications throughout the ma-
terial.
1
êèThe man first credited with using the word trigonometry
êèis ___________________.
êèA)ïPtolemyêêè B)ïHipparchus
êèC)ïPitiscusêêèD)ïPythagorus
üêêê Pitiscus
Ç C
2
êèWho is the person generally credited with first organizing
êèthis area of mathematics into one body of work?
êèA)ïPtolemyêêè B)ïHipparchus
êèC)ïPitiscusêêèD)ïPythagorus
üêêê Hipparchus
Ç B
3
êèWhich Greek astronomer wrote the first treatment of trigo-
êènometry that still exists today?
êèA)ïPtolemyêêè B)ïHipparchus
êèC)ïPitiscusêêèD)ïPythagorus
üêêê Ptolemy
Ç A