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- ----------------------- CHKDSK - External DOS Command ------------------------
-
- CHKDSK analyzes memory and the directories and File Allocation Table of the
- specified disk and produces a report of disk and memory status.
-
- FORMAT: CHKDSK [d:][filename[.ext]][/F][/V]
-
- REMARKS:
-
- d: - the drive whose disk is to be analyzed. If omitted, the
- default drive is assumed.
- filename.ext - specifies files to be checked for non-contiguous sectors. The
- files must be in the current directory. Global characters
- (* and ?) may be used.
- /F - specifies that errors found in the directory or file
- allocation table are to be fixed.
- /V - causes CHKDSK to display messages indicating its progress and
- provides more information about the errors it finds.
-
- CHKDSK does not prompt you to insert a diskette (as DISKCOPY does, for
- example). If you are using a single drive system and the diskette you want
- to check is not the DOS diskette, you must specify a drive other than the
- default drive. For example, if the default drive is A, place the DOS
- diskette in drive A and enter CHKDSK B:. You may then insert the diskette to
- be analyzed when DOS prompts you to enter the diskette for drive B.
-
- CHKDSK can sometimes correct errors found in the directory or file allocation
- table. If you specify the /F parameter, corrections will be made. If you
- omit /F, CHKDSK will function as though you did specify /F, to inform you of
- detected errors, but will not actually make the corrections. If you did not
- specify /F and CHKDSK informs you of errors and you want to correct the
- errors, run CHKDSK again and specify /F.
-
- Specifying the "filename.ext" parameter causes CHKDSK to look for
- non-contiguous (non-sequential or "fragmented") sectors for the specified
- files. Files with non-contiguous sectors take longer to read since DOS
- cannot access them sequentially. A file with non-contiguous sectors is
- called a "fragmented file." You can check fragmentation of all files in the
- current directory by specifying *.* for this parameter.
-
- If CHKDSK finds lost clusters (one or more sectors of disk storage) on disk,
- it asks you (via a Y/N prompt) if you wish to recover the lost data into
- files. If the /F parameter was specified and you respond Y to the prompt,
- CHKDSK converts the lost data into files named:
-
- FILEnnnn.CHK where nnnn is a sequential number starting with 0000.
-
- These files will be written in the root directory. Check these files
- to see if they contain any data you want to retain. If they do not,
- erase them.
-
- Below is an example of the status report produced by CHKDSK. The line
- numbers are added for reference in the following explanation:
-
- 1 Volume FIXDISK Created APR 5, 1985 9:35
-
- 2 362496 bytes total disk space
- 3 22528 bytes in 2 hidden files
- 4 2048 bytes in 2 directories
- 5 72704 bytes in 8 user files
- 6 265216 bytes available on disk
-
- 7 327680 bytes total memory
- 8 282912 bytes free
-
- Explanation:
-
- Line 1 - Volume label and the date and time the disk was formatted.
- Line 2 - Total number of bytes (characters of information) on the disk.
- This gives the total storage capacity of the disk.
- Line 3 - Total bytes and count of hidden files. DOS uses two hidden files
- to store operating system programs. A disk volume label is a
- hidden file. Applications may also create hidden files. Hidden
- files do not show up in a directory listing and cannot be removed
- with the ERASE command.
- Line 4 - Total bytes and count of directories.
- Line 5 - Total bytes and count of user files. A "user file" is a file
- that is not a directory or a hidden file.
- Line 6 - Total bytes available (not used).
- Line 7 - Total bytes of RAM (Random Access Memory, "user memory")
- installed on the system.
- Line 8 - Total bytes of RAM that are free (not used). The number will
- always be less than "bytes total memory" (line 7) because a
- portion of DOS is placed in RAM when the system is started.
-
- EXAMPLES:
-
- Perform a CHKDSK on the B drive. The default drive is A:
-
- CHKDSK B:
-
-
- Perform a CHKDSK on the default drive and recover any lost clusters:
-
- CHKDSK /F
-
-
- Perform a CHKDSK on the default drive. Recover any lost clusters and produce
- information on CHKDSK's progress and more detailed error information:
-
- CHKDSK /F/V
-
-
- Check the fragmentation of all files in the current directory of the default
- drive:
-
- CHKDSK *.*