home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
The Starbase One Astronomy & Space Collection
/
STARBASE_ONE.ISO
/
hst
/
m100cpha.txt
< prev
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1996-01-12
|
3KB
|
50 lines
PHOTO RELEASE NO.: STScI-PRC94-49a EMBARGOED UNTIL: 2:00 P.M. EDT
Wednesday, October 26, 1994
CEPHEID VARIABLE STAR IN GALAXY M100
This NASA Hubble Space Telescope image of a region of the galaxy
M100 shows a class of pulsating star called a Cepheid Variable. Though
rare, these stars are reliable distance indicators to galaxies. Based on the
Hubble observation, the distance to M100 has been measured accurately as
56 million light-years (+/- 6 million light-years), making it the farthest
object where intergalactic distances have been determined precisely.
Hubble's high resolution pinpoints a Cepheid, which is located in a
starbirth region in one of the galaxy's spiral arms (bottom frame). The top
three frames were taken on (from left to right) May 9, May 4, May 31, and
they reveal that the star (in center of each box) changes brightness.
Cepheids go through these changes rhythmically over a few weeks. The
interval it takes for the Cepheid to complete one pulsation is a direct
indication of the stars's intrinsic brightness. This value can be used to
make a precise measurement of the galaxy's distance.
Only Hubble Space Telescope has the required sensitivity and resolution to
detect these "cosmic milepost" type stars out to great distances from Earth,
according to astronomers. Typically, Cepheids in a crowded region of a
distant galaxy are too faint and the resolution too poor, as seen from
ground-based telescopes, to be detected clearly. Hubble was used to make
twelve one-hour exposures, timed carefully in a two-month observing
window, to discover 20 Cepheid variable stars in the M100 galaxy.
Though M100 is the most distant galaxy in which Cepheid variables have
been discovered, HST must find Cepheids in even more distant galaxies
before accurate distances can be used to calculate a definitive size and age
for the universe.
Technical Information:
The Hubble Space Telescope image was taken with the Wide Field
Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC 2). This black and white picture was taken at
visible light wavelengths.
Target Information:
M100 (100th object in the Messier catalog of non-stellar objects) is a
member of the huge Virgo cluster of an estimated 2,500 galaxies. The
galaxy can be seen by amateur astronomers as a faint, pinwheel-shaped
object in the spring constellation Coma Berenices.
Credit: Dr. Wendy L. Freedman, Observatories of the Carnegie
Institution of Washington, and NASA
The Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 was developed by the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and managed by the Goddard Space Flight
Center for NASA's Office of Space Science.