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plutoct1.txt
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1996-01-12
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PHOTO RELEASE NO.: STScI-PR94-17 FOR RELEASE: Monday, May 16, 1994
HUBBLE PORTRAIT OF THE "DOUBLE PLANET" PLUTO & CHARON
This is the clearest view yet of the distant planet Pluto and its moon,
Charon, as revealed by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The
image was taken by the European Space Agency's Faint Object Camera on
February 21, 1994 when the planet was 2.6 billion miles (4.4 billion
kilometers) from Earth; or nearly 30 times the separation between Earth
and the sun.
Hubble's corrected optics show the two objects as clearly separate and
sharp disks. This now allows astronomers to measure directly (to within
about 1 percent) Pluto's diameter of 1440 miles (2320 kilometers) and
Charon's diameter of 790 miles (1270 kilometers).
The Hubble observations show that Charon is bluer than Pluto. This
means that both worlds have different surface composition and structure.
A bright highlight on Pluto suggests it has a smoothly reflecting surface
layer.
A detailed analysis of the Hubble image also suggests there is a bright area
parallel to the equator on Pluto. This result is consistent with surface
brightness models based on previous ground-based photometric
observations. However, subsequent HST observations will be required to
confirm whether the feature is real.
Though Pluto was discovered in 1930, Charon wasn't detected until 1978.
That is because the moon is so close to Pluto that the two worlds are
typically blurred together when viewed through ground-based telescopes.
(If our moon were as close to Earth, it would be as big in the night sky as
an apple held at arm's length). The new HST image was taken when
Charon was near its maximum elongation from Pluto of .9 arc seconds.
The two worlds are 12,200 miles apart (19,640 kilometers).
Hubble's ability to distinguish Pluto's disk at a distance of 2.6 billion
miles (4.4 billion kilometers) is equivalent to seeing a baseball at a
distance of 40 miles (64 kilometers).
Pluto typically is called the double planet because Charon is half the
diameter of Pluto (our Moon is one-quarter the diameter of Earth).
Credit: Dr. R. Albrecht, ESA/ESO Space Telescope European
Coordinating Facility; NASA