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-
- From: msb@sq.sq.com (Mark Brader)
- Subject: Book Review: "How the World Was One: Beyond the Global Village"
- Organization: SoftQuad Inc., Toronto, Canada
- Date: Mon, 23 May 94 08:41:46 GMT
-
-
- David Ofsevit (ofsevit@nac.lkg.dec.com) writes:
-
- > I was surprised that in the excellent series of articles on
- > telegraph and telephone cables there was no mention of Arthur C.
- > Clarke's fine book "Voice Across the Sea" (Harper, 1958). I don't
- > know whether it's in print anymore, but it is very well written and
- > worth finding.
-
- I doubt that it's in print, because in 1992, Clarke incorporated a
- large part of it into a new book. I posted a review of that one then,
- here and in slightly different form to certain other Usenet newsgroups.
- I saved a copy of the other version of the review; here it is.
-
- At the rate that books go out of print these days, it seems entirely
- possible that *this* one isn't available *either*; I don't know.
-
- ----------------------
-
- "How the World Was One: Beyond the Global Village", 1992 Bantam
- hardcover, approx 300 pages. US price $22.50. ISBN 0-553-07440-7.
-
- This book is for people who are interested in telecommunications.
- They'll like it. Those readers who are voracious Clarke fans,
- however, may find that they've read considerable parts of it before.
-
- The book contains five main parts. The first and longest one tells
- about the early history of submarine telegraph cables, culminating
- with the tribulation-filled laying of the first successful cable
- across the Atlantic; and the second part rapidly takes the story
- forward to transoceanic telephony and radio.
-
- Most of this material was taken from Clarke's 1958 book "Voice Across
- the Sea", but I had not read that one, and I found it fascinating.
-
- Perhaps the most interesting thing was the many kinds of technical
- difficulties encountered in the early days. Cables were too light,
- too heavy, too short; they broke, they leaked; they even sabotaged
- themselves (no, I won't explain that one!). And then there were
- people problems -- wrong assumptions about technology went untested
- until after they had been embedded in thousands of miles of cable.
-
- On one of the cable-laying attempts, two ships started out in the
- middle of the ocean and sailed in opposite directions with the two
- ends of the cable, each paying it out as it went. Their only
- communication with each other was by telegraph through the cable
- itself. At one point the connection broke and the ships returned to
- their starting point -- and each hailed the other with "How did the
- cable break?" Something had happened on the seabed, and they never
- did find out what.
-
- Then when the first cable was finally laid and the technology finally
- tested, it hardly worked: after 12 days of trying to adjust the
- instruments, the operators still needed over 16 hours to transmit a
- 99-word official telegram. Depending just how they timed their
- Morse-like code, I figure that the transmission rate must have been
- somewhere between .05 and .1 baud!
-
- The remaining three parts of the book do not really tell a continuous
- story as do the first two; there are many distinct essays and speeches
- and even a few pieces of fiction. I had read several of the pieces
- before, and some of them overlap to some extent. So for these reasons
- I didn't enjoy the second half of the book as much as the first; but I
- still found it well worth reading.
-
- The third part deals with Clarke's own involvement in the early
- development of communication satellites. As most of you will know, he
- invented the idea of using the geostationary orbit for comsats --
- though it didn't occur to him then that they might be unmanned! This
- part puts the idea in context of what he was doing at the time and of
- what had already been invented by others, and includes the short story
- "I Remember Babylon" where he anticipated some less savory uses to
- which comsats might be put.
-
- The fourth part concerns the impact of comsats as it has turned out in
- fact, and Clarke's thoughts on where how they should develop in the
- future; and the short fifth part is about the renaissance of submarine
- cables with the appearance of fiber optics. Look how the world has
- changed already since the telephone appeared ... here are two early
- reactions to the news of its invention:
-
- When news of Alexander Graham Bell's invention reached the
- United Kingdom, the chief engineer of the British Post Office
- failed to be impressed. "The Americans," he said loftily,
- have need of the telephone -- but we do not. We have plenty
- of messenger boys ..."
- ...
- In contrast ... the mayor of a certain American city was
- wildly enthusiastic. He thought that the telephone was a
- marvelous device and ventured this stunning prediction:
- "I can see the time," he said solemnly, "*when every city
- will have one*."
-
- The thesis of the book is simple, and one with which most of us on
- Usenet will agree. I know *I* do. Better communication unites societies,
- reduces ignorance, and generally benefits everyone; and it is, accordingly,
- something on which the expenditure of time and money is well worthwhile.
- As Clarke said on the occasion of the signing of the Intelsat agreement:
-
- For today, gentlemen, whether you intend it or not -- whether
- you wish it or not -- you have signed far more than yet another
- intergovernmental agreement.
-
- You have just signed the first draft of the Articles of
- Federation of the United States of Earth.
-
-
- Mark Brader "... There are three kinds of death in this world.
- msb@sq.com There's heart death, there's brain death, and
- SoftQuad Inc., Toronto there's being off the network." -- Guy Almes
-
- This article is in the public domain.
-