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- (Also appears in Telecom Digest V8 issue 202 12/16/88)
-
- FIRST LASER PHONE CALL ZIPS ACROSS THE ATLANTIC!
- ISAAC ASIMOV DEDICATES TAT-8; MAKES FIRST CALL
- ------------------------------------------------
-
- A shark-proof undersea cable began carrying laser beam phone calls across
- the Atlantic Ocean Wednesday as the first leg of a network designed to
- revolutionize service on three continents.
-
- AT&T, British Telecom and France Telecom, the three principal owners of
- the cable asked well known author Isaac Asimov to dedicate the new cable
- and place the first call.
-
- In his remarks, Asimov said, "Welcome everyone to this
- historic trans-Atlantic crossing -- this maiden voyage across the sea
- on a beam of light..." He noted, "...our world has grown small, and
- this cable, which can carry 40,000 calls at one time is a sign of the
- voracious demand for communications today....... .....the clarity is
- in striking contrast to the crackling first telephone message from
- Alex Bell to his assistant Thomas A. Watson 113 years ago..."
-
- Mr. Asimov was the first speaker of several in a video
- conference in New York that was transmitted to Paris and London by the
- new cable.
-
- The fiber-optic cable, which is thinner than a child's wrist,
- is able to handle double the capacity of all the trans-Atlantic
- copper-cable predecessors combined. It took seven years to design,
- build and install. The total cost was $361 million, but the people
- involved insist that in the long run, it will mean a continued decline
- in the price of overseas phone calls.
-
- Ordinary television broadcasts will continue to be carried by
- satellite because they would take up too much room on TAT-8. But the
- cable will be used for video conferences on a regular basis between
- the United States and Europe, using a method to compress the signals
- and take up very little bandwidth.
-
- American Telephone & Telegraph Company, which will operate
- TAT-8, said 1988 is the first year it will handle more than one
- billion international calls.
-
- Commenting on Asimov's remarks of '...a voracious demand for
- communications..' an AT&T spokesperson noted that even this new cable
- will start running out of room late in 1991. The fourth quarter, 1991
- is when a new fiber-optic cable with nearly double the new cable's
- capacity is scheduled to begin operation.
-
- Fiber-optic service to Japan and the far east will start in
- the second quarter of 1989 under the name PTAT, and fiber-optic links
- to the Caribbean and the Mediterranean will open in 1991 or 1992.
-
- Lasers have revolutionized phone networks by making it
- possible to transmit information in the form of rapid pulses of laser
- light through hair thin strands of glass. The lasers transmit
- information in digital form coded into a series of ones and zeros.
- Most long distance calls within the United States are already carried
- on optic fibers.
-
- Ownership of TAT-8 is as follows --
-
- American Telephone and Telegraph, 34 percent
- British Telecommunications , 15.5 percent
- France Telecom , 10 percent
-
- The remaining 40.5 percent is divided among 26 partners, some of whom
- own up to two percent interest; while others own less than one percent
- interest. The principal partners are --
-
- Sprint Communications, MCI, Western Union and Northern Telecom.
-
- Will overseas telephone rates go down in the next few years? AT&T says
- they will. The exact amount is anyone's guess, but a spokesperson from
- AT&T said "....I think within a few years the rates will be *less than
- half* of what they are now..."
-
- Wednesday, December 14, 1988: An historic day in telecommunications
- history, and one I believe is only third to the invention of the
- telephone itself; the second most historic occasion being the
- completion of the cable which connected the east and west coasts of
- the United States in the early 1920's.
-
-