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- Known familiarly as the "Big Ugly Flat Fellow" (BUFF), the B-52 is a far dif-
- ferent plane than the B-52 of three generations ago. Once a high-altitude
- strategic bomber only, today's B-52 can conduct numerous missions. Elec-
- tro-optical viewing systems permit low-level B-52 missions under virtually
- any condition combined with the advanced terrain-avoidance radar system.
- With the long-range capabilities of the B-52, it is possible for the BUFF to
- launch cruise missiles thousands of miles from its base.
-
- Development of the B-52 Stratofortress began in the late 1940s when the
- United States Air Force foresaw the need for an all-jet bomber that could
- carry both nuclear and conventional bombs more than 4,000 miles. The B-52
- made its first test flight in 1952 and entered into service in 1954 with the
- United States Air Force's Strategic Air Command. With the exception of a few
- B-52s used in training, all 744 Stratofortresses built by Boeing between 1951
- and 1963, served with the Strategic Air Command.
-
- Two of the prototypes, the B-52As through B-52Fs had tall tails. The B-52Gs
- and B-52Fs were built with low tails. The H model is powered by eight turbo-
- fans engines instead of the eight turbojet engines of the previous models.
- The turbofans deliver an aggregate of 110,000 pounds of thrust, versus
- 80,000 pounds of thrust from the turbojets of the B-52A through B-52G mo-
- dels.
-
- In 1957, as a demonstration of their intercontinental capabilities, three B-52s
- flew non-stop (with aerial refuleing) 24,325 miles around the world. Five
- years later, a B-52H flew 12,532 miles nonstop without refueling, setting a
- distance record that stood until the flight of the Voyager 25 years later.
-
- In 1965, B-52s went to Vietnam to conduct bombing raids on suspected Viet
- Cong strongholds. In 1972, the B-52s played a key role in an 11 day bomb-
- ing mission against North Vietnam which forced that government to return to
- the Paris negotiation table, helping lead the way to a cease fire. Since 1984,
- only the low-tailed B-52G and B-52H have remained in service. These were
- the planes that served in Operation Desert Storm.
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