Usenet 1994 January

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Path: senator-bedfellow.mit.edu!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!noc.near.net!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!emory!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!concert!borg.cs.unc.edu!not-for-mail From: leech@cs.unc.edu (Jon Leech) Newsgroups: sci.space,sci.astro,sci.answers,news.answers Subject: Diffs to sci.space/sci.astro Frequently Asked Questions Supersedes: <diffs_752215846@cs.unc.edu> Followup-To: poster Date: 1 Dec 1993 23:10:52 -0500 Organization: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Lines: 623 Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu Distribution: world Expires: 6 Jan 1994 04:10:47 GMT Message-ID: <diffs_754805447@cs.unc.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: watt.cs.unc.edu Xref: senator-bedfellow.mit.edu sci.space:77964 sci.astro:47333 sci.answers:683 news.answers:15365 Archive-name: space/diff Major changes: changes ames.arc.nasa.gov FTP references to explorer.arc.nasa.gov. New upcoming space science missions. DIFFS SINCE LAST FAQ POSTING (IN POSTING ORDER) (These are hand-edited context diffs; do not attempt to use them to patch old copies of the FAQ). ============ Changes in FAQ.intro ============ *** /tmp/old.intro Wed Dec 1 23:08:31 1993 --- /tmp/current.intro Wed Dec 1 23:08:31 1993 *************** *** 17,25 **** The FAQ volume is excessive right now and will gradually being trimmed down by rewriting, condensing, and moving static information to archive ! servers. The FAQ postings are available from the Ames SPACE archive in ! ames.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/faq*, along with more information expanding ! on topics in the FAQ. Good summaries will be accepted in place of the answers given here. The point of this is to circulate existing information, and avoid rehashing old --- 17,27 ---- The FAQ volume is excessive right now and will gradually being trimmed down by rewriting, condensing, and moving static information to archive ! servers. The FAQ postings are FTPable from the Ames SPACE archive in ! ! explorer.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/faq* ! ! along with more information expanding on topics in the FAQ. Good summaries will be accepted in place of the answers given here. The point of this is to circulate existing information, and avoid rehashing old ============ Changes in FAQ.net ============ *** /tmp/old.net Wed Dec 1 23:08:32 1993 --- /tmp/current.net Wed Dec 1 23:08:32 1993 *************** *** 186,198 **** describes recent launch/orbital decay information and satellites which are useful for scientific activities. Recent bulletins are FTPable from directory ! nssdca.gsfc.nasa.gov:ANON_DIR:[000000.ACTIVE.SPX]. SHUTTLE MANIFEST ! Ken Hollis (gandalf@pro-electric.cts.com) posts a compressed version ! of the Space Shuttle launch manifest to sci.space.shuttle. This includes dates, times, payloads, and information on how to see ! launches and landings. SOLAR ACTIVITY Cary Oler (oler@hg.uleth.ca) posts Solar Terrestrial reports --- 186,199 ---- describes recent launch/orbital decay information and satellites which are useful for scientific activities. Recent bulletins are FTPable from directory ! nssdca.gsfc.nasa.gov:ANON_DIR:[000000.ACTIVE.SPX] SHUTTLE MANIFEST ! Ken Hollis (hollis@titan.ksc.nasa.gov) posts a compressed version of ! the Space Shuttle launch manifest to sci.space.shuttle. This includes dates, times, payloads, and information on how to see ! launches and landings. These files are FTPable from directory ! explorer.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/MANIFEST SOLAR ACTIVITY Cary Oler (oler@hg.uleth.ca) posts Solar Terrestrial reports ============ Changes in FAQ.data ============ *** /tmp/old.data Wed Dec 1 23:08:32 1993 --- /tmp/current.data Wed Dec 1 23:08:33 1993 *************** *** 21,29 **** and the servers will send you instructions on how to make requests. Shorthand for a specific file or directory at an anonymous FTP site is ! sitename:filename (e.g. ames.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/Index). The FAQ ! is phasing out the specification of IP addresses and referring to FTP ! sites only by fully qualified machine name. An ever-increasing amount of space-related data may be searched and retrieved interactively using gopher, WAIS, World Wide Web, and other --- 21,29 ---- and the servers will send you instructions on how to make requests. Shorthand for a specific file or directory at an anonymous FTP site is ! sitename:filename (e.g. explorer.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/Index). The ! FAQ is phasing out the use of IP addresses and referring to FTP sites ! only by machine name. An ever-increasing amount of space-related data may be searched and retrieved interactively using gopher, WAIS, World Wide Web, and other *************** *** 76,81 **** --- 76,85 ---- NASA AMES + *** Please note that the Ames archive has moved to a faster host + *** machine, explorer.arc.nasa.gov. ames.arc.nasa.gov should no longer + *** be used. Direct questions to Peter Yee (yee@atlas.arc.nasa.gov). + Extensive archives are maintained at NASA Ames and are available via anonymous FTP or an email server. These archives include many images and a wide variety of documents including this FAQ list, NASA press *************** *** 83,102 **** note that these are NOT maintained on an official basis. A listing of files available in the archive is FTPable from ! ames.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/Index. ! To access the archives by email, send a letter to ! archive-server@ames.arc.nasa.gov (or ames!archive-server). In the ! subject of your letter (or in the body), use commands like: - send SPACE Index - send SPACE SHUTTLE/ss01.23.91. - - The capitalization of the subdirectory names is important. All are in - caps. Only text files are handled by the email server at present; use - one of the FTP email servers described in the introduction to this - section for images or programs. - The Magellan Venus and Voyager Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus CD-ROM image disks have been put online in the CDROM and CDROM2 directories. The disks will be rotated on a weekly basis. Thousands of images are --- 87,99 ---- note that these are NOT maintained on an official basis. A listing of files available in the archive is FTPable from ! explorer.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/Index. ! An email server for the SPACE archive is temporarily out of service due ! to the archive moving to its new home, explorer. Instructions for ! accessing the email server will be returned to the FAQ when the server ! is running again. The Magellan Venus and Voyager Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus CD-ROM image disks have been put online in the CDROM and CDROM2 directories. The disks will be rotated on a weekly basis. Thousands of images are *************** *** 309,319 **** objects, and general astronomy information. This site is mainly for European users, but overseas connections are possible. ! ames.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/MISC/galaxy.dat is a database of 8,436 galaxies including name, RA, declination, magnitude, and radial velocity, supplied by Wayne Hayes (wayne@csri.utoronto.ca). ! ames.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/constell.* contains constellation boundary data in a form suitable for the construction of star charts and atlases. --- 306,316 ---- objects, and general astronomy information. This site is mainly for European users, but overseas connections are possible. ! explorer.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/MISC/galaxy.dat is a database of 8,436 galaxies including name, RA, declination, magnitude, and radial velocity, supplied by Wayne Hayes (wayne@csri.utoronto.ca). ! explorer.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/constell.* contains constellation boundary data in a form suitable for the construction of star charts and atlases. *************** *** 322,328 **** the Ames server). Please restrict access to 5pm - 8am Atlantic time. Directory pomona.claremont.edu:[.YALE_BSC] contains the the Yale Bright ! Star catalog. Contact James Dishaw (jdishaw@hmcvax.claremont.edu). The Hubble Guide Star catalog is available on CD-ROM for the Mac and PC for $49.95 US (catalog # ST101). --- 319,325 ---- the Ames server). Please restrict access to 5pm - 8am Atlantic time. Directory pomona.claremont.edu:[.YALE_BSC] contains the the Yale Bright ! Star catalog. Contact James Dishaw (jdishaw@pomona.claremont.edu). The Hubble Guide Star catalog is available on CD-ROM for the Mac and PC for $49.95 US (catalog # ST101). ============ Changes in FAQ.math ============ *** /tmp/old.math Wed Dec 1 23:08:33 1993 --- /tmp/current.math Wed Dec 1 23:08:33 1993 *************** *** 40,46 **** Where d is distance, v is velocity, a is acceleration, t is time. Additional more specialized equations are available from: ! ames.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/MoreEquations For constant acceleration --- 40,46 ---- Where d is distance, v is velocity, a is acceleration, t is time. Additional more specialized equations are available from: ! explorer.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/MoreEquations For constant acceleration *************** *** 503,510 **** Two databases useful for this purpose are the Yale Bright Star catalog (sources listed in FAQ section 3) or "The Catalogue of Stars within 25 ! parsecs of the Sun" (in pub/SPACE/FAQ/stars.data and stars.doc on ! ames.arc.nasa.gov). NEXT: FAQ #5/13 - References on specific areas --- 503,510 ---- Two databases useful for this purpose are the Yale Bright Star catalog (sources listed in FAQ section 3) or "The Catalogue of Stars within 25 ! parsecs of the Sun", FTPable from ! explorer.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/stars.data,stars.doc NEXT: FAQ #5/13 - References on specific areas ============ Changes in FAQ.references ============ *** /tmp/old.references Wed Dec 1 23:08:34 1993 --- /tmp/current.references Wed Dec 1 23:08:34 1993 *************** *** 199,206 **** Lunar Exploration Inc. (LEI) is a non-profit corporation working on a privately funded lunar polar orbiter. Lunar Prospector is designed to perform a geochemical survey and search for frozen volatiles at the ! poles. A set of reference files describing the project is FTPable from ! directory ames.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/LEI. LUNAR SCIENCE AND ACTIVITIES --- 199,206 ---- Lunar Exploration Inc. (LEI) is a non-profit corporation working on a privately funded lunar polar orbiter. Lunar Prospector is designed to perform a geochemical survey and search for frozen volatiles at the ! poles. A set of reference files describing the project is FTPable from: ! explorer.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/LEI LUNAR SCIENCE AND ACTIVITIES *************** *** 233,239 **** ORBITING EARTH SATELLITE HISTORIES A list of Earth orbiting satellites (that are still in orbit) is FTPable ! from ames.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/Satellites SPACECRAFT MODELS --- 233,240 ---- ORBITING EARTH SATELLITE HISTORIES A list of Earth orbiting satellites (that are still in orbit) is FTPable ! from: ! explorer.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/Satellites SPACECRAFT MODELS *************** *** 595,601 **** Ross Finlayson (finlayson@eng.sun.com) has put together a list of current locations of space capsules of the Mercury/Gemini/Apollo type, ! which is FTPable from ames.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/CapsuleLocations. SPACE SHUTTLE COMPUTER SYSTEMS --- 596,603 ---- Ross Finlayson (finlayson@eng.sun.com) has put together a list of current locations of space capsules of the Mercury/Gemini/Apollo type, ! which is FTPable from ! explorer.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/CapsuleLocations. SPACE SHUTTLE COMPUTER SYSTEMS *************** *** 645,652 **** AMATEUR SATELLIES & WEATHER SATELLITES ! A fairly long writeup on receiving and interpreting weather satellite ! photos is available from ames.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/WeatherPhotos. The American Radio Relay League publication service offers the following references (also see the section on AMSAT in the space groups segment of --- 647,655 ---- AMATEUR SATELLIES & WEATHER SATELLITES ! A writeup on receiving and interpreting weather satellite photos is ! FTPable from: ! explorer.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/WeatherPhotos. The American Radio Relay League publication service offers the following references (also see the section on AMSAT in the space groups segment of *************** *** 670,678 **** TIDES ! Srinivas Bettadpur contributed a writeup on tides, available from ! ames.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/Tides. It covers the following areas: - 2-D Example of Tidal Deformation - Treatment of Tidal Fields in Practice - Long term evolution of the Earth-Moon system under tides --- 673,683 ---- TIDES ! Srinivas Bettadpur contributed a writeup on tides, FTPable from: ! explorer.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/Tides + It covers the following areas: + - 2-D Example of Tidal Deformation - Treatment of Tidal Fields in Practice - Long term evolution of the Earth-Moon system under tides *************** *** 685,693 **** ASTRONOMICAL MNEMONICS ! A listing of astronomical mnemonics is FTPable from ! ames.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/MISC/mnemonics (this was formerly a separate ! section of the FAQ). NOTE: the remaining FAQ sections do not appear in sci.astro, as they cover material of relevance only to sci.space. --- 690,697 ---- ASTRONOMICAL MNEMONICS ! A listing of astronomical mnemonics is FTPable from: ! explorer.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/MISC/mnemonics NOTE: the remaining FAQ sections do not appear in sci.astro, as they cover material of relevance only to sci.space. ============ Changes in FAQ.addresses ============ *** /tmp/old.addresses Wed Dec 1 23:08:35 1993 --- /tmp/current.addresses Wed Dec 1 23:08:35 1993 *************** *** 78,84 **** A fact sheet and description of JPL is available by anonymous FTP in ! ames.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/JPLDescription NASA Johnson Manned Space Center (JSC) Houston, TX 77058 --- 78,84 ---- A fact sheet and description of JPL is available by anonymous FTP in ! explorer.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/JPLDescription NASA Johnson Manned Space Center (JSC) Houston, TX 77058 ============ Changes in FAQ.schedule ============ *** /tmp/old.schedule Wed Dec 1 23:08:35 1993 --- /tmp/current.schedule Wed Dec 1 23:08:35 1993 *************** *** 4,18 **** SHUTTLE LAUNCHINGS AND LANDINGS; SCHEDULES AND HOW TO SEE THEM ! Shuttle operations are discussed in the Usenet group sci.space.shuttle, ! and Ken Hollis (gandalf@pro-electric.cts.com) posts a compressed version ! of the shuttle manifest (launch dates and other information) ! periodically there. The manifest is also available from the Ames SPACE ! archive in SPACE/FAQ/manifest. The portion of his manifest formerly ! included in this FAQ has been removed; please refer to his posting or ! the archived copy. For the most up to date information on upcoming ! missions, call toll-free (800)-KSC-INFO (800-572-4636) or (407) 867-INFO ! (867-4636) at Kennedy Space Center. Official NASA shuttle status reports are posted to sci.space.news frequently. --- 4,18 ---- SHUTTLE LAUNCHINGS AND LANDINGS; SCHEDULES AND HOW TO SEE THEM ! Ken Hollis (hollis@titan.ksc.nasa.gov) posts a compressed version of the ! Space Shuttle launch manifest to sci.space.shuttle. This includes dates, ! times, payloads, and information on how to see launches and landings. ! These files are FTPable from directory ! explorer.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/MANIFEST ! ! For the most up to date information on upcoming missions, call toll-free ! (800)-KSC-INFO (800-572-4636) or (407) 867-INFO (867-4636) at Kennedy ! Space Center. Official NASA shuttle status reports are posted to sci.space.news frequently. ============ Changes in FAQ.probe ============ *** /tmp/old.probe Wed Dec 1 23:08:36 1993 --- /tmp/current.probe Wed Dec 1 23:08:36 1993 *************** *** 368,374 **** comet Grigg-Skjellerup on July 10, 1992. A much more complete description of the Giotto Extended Mission is ! FTPable from ames.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/GiottoHistory. JAPANESE PLANETARY MISSIONS --- 368,374 ---- comet Grigg-Skjellerup on July 10, 1992. A much more complete description of the Giotto Extended Mission is ! FTPable from explorer.arc.nasa.gov:pub/SPACE/FAQ/GiottoHistory. JAPANESE PLANETARY MISSIONS ============ Changes in FAQ.new_probes ============ *** /tmp/old.new_probes Wed Dec 1 23:08:36 1993 --- /tmp/current.new_probes Wed Dec 1 23:08:37 1993 *************** *** 77,89 **** GALILEO - Jupiter orbiter and atmosphere probe, in transit. Has returned the first resolved images of an asteroid, Gaspra, while in transit to ! Jupiter. Images of the August 1993 encounter with the asteroid Ida will ! be returned slowly over the next few months. Efforts to unfurl the stuck ! High-Gain Antenna (HGA) have essentially been abandoned. JPL has ! developed a backup plan using data compression (JPEG-like for images, ! lossless compression for data from the other instruments) which should ! allow the mission to achieve approximately 70% of its original ! objectives. Galileo Schedule ---------------- --- 77,92 ---- GALILEO - Jupiter orbiter and atmosphere probe, in transit. Has returned the first resolved images of an asteroid, Gaspra, while in transit to ! Jupiter. Images of the August 1993 encounter with the asteroid Ida are ! being returned slowly at present. Efforts to unfurl the stuck High Gain ! Antenna (HGA) have essentially been abandoned. JPL has developed a ! backup plan using enhancements of the receiving antennas in the Deep ! Space Network and data compression (JPEG-like for images, lossless ! compression for data from the other instruments) on the spacecraft. This ! should allow Galileo to achieve approximately 70% of its original ! science objectives with the much lower speed Low Gain Antenna. Longterm ! Jovian weather monitoring, which is imagery intensive, will suffer the ! most. Galileo Schedule ---------------- *************** *** 91,97 **** 02/09/90 - Venus Flyby 10/**/90 - Venus Data Playback 12/08/90 - 1st Earth Flyby ! 05/01/91 - High Gain Antenna Unfurled 07/91 - 06/92 - 1st Asteroid Belt Passage 10/29/91 - Asteroid Gaspra Flyby 12/08/92 - 2nd Earth Flyby --- 94,100 ---- 02/09/90 - Venus Flyby 10/**/90 - Venus Data Playback 12/08/90 - 1st Earth Flyby ! 05/01/91 - High Gain Antenna (was to have) Unfurled 07/91 - 06/92 - 1st Asteroid Belt Passage 10/29/91 - Asteroid Gaspra Flyby 12/08/92 - 2nd Earth Flyby *************** *** 126,133 **** MARS OBSERVER - Mars orbiter including 1.5 m/pixel resolution camera. Launched 9/25/92 on a Titan III/TOS booster. Contact was lost with MO on 8/21/93 while it was preparing for entry into Mars orbit. The spacecraft ! has essentially been written off as of 11/1/93. A replacement mission to ! achieve most of MO's science goals is likely. TOPEX/Poseidon - Joint US/French Earth observing satellite, launched --- 129,136 ---- MARS OBSERVER - Mars orbiter including 1.5 m/pixel resolution camera. Launched 9/25/92 on a Titan III/TOS booster. Contact was lost with MO on 8/21/93 while it was preparing for entry into Mars orbit. The spacecraft ! has been written off. A replacement mission to achieve most of MO's ! science goals is likely. TOPEX/Poseidon - Joint US/French Earth observing satellite, launched *************** *** 158,167 **** detail, see the many articles in the same issue. ! OTHER SPACE SCIENCE MISSIONS (note: this is based on a posting by Ron ! Baalke in 11/89, with ISAS/NASDA information contributed by Yoshiro ! Yamada (yamada@yscvax.ysc.go.jp). I'm attempting to track changes based ! on updated shuttle manifests; corrections and updates are welcome. 1993 Missions o ALEXIS [spring, Pegasus] --- 161,169 ---- detail, see the many articles in the same issue. ! OTHER SPACE SCIENCE MISSIONS (various sources; corrections and updates ! are solicited. Launch dates are usually tentative, and most shuttle ! missions are not listed even when they have some science content). 1993 Missions o ALEXIS [spring, Pegasus] *************** *** 180,188 **** o Wind [Aug, Delta II rocket] Satellite to measure solar wind input to magnetosphere. - o Space Radar Lab [Sep, STS-60 SRL-01] - Gather radar images of Earth's surface. - o Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer [Dec, Pegasus rocket] Study of Stratospheric ozone. --- 182,187 ---- *************** *** 193,210 **** retrieved by the U.S. Space Shuttle on STS-68 in 1994. 1994 o Polar Auroral Plasma Physics [May, Delta II rocket] June, measure solar wind and ions and gases surrounding the Earth. ! o IML-2 (STS) [NASDA, Jul 1994 IML-02] ! International Microgravity Laboratory. o ADEOS [NASDA] Advanced Earth Observing Satellite. 1995 o MUSES-B (Mu Space Engineering Satellite-B) [ISAS] Conducting research on the precise mechanism of space structure and in-space astronomical observations of electromagnetic waves. --- 192,219 ---- retrieved by the U.S. Space Shuttle on STS-68 in 1994. 1994 + o Space Radar Lab [April, Shuttle] + Gather radar images of Earth's surface. + o Polar Auroral Plasma Physics [May, Delta II rocket] June, measure solar wind and ions and gases surrounding the Earth. ! o IML-2 (NASDA) [July, Shuttle] ! International Microgravity Laboratory (Spacelab mission). + o Space Radar Lab [August, Shuttle] + Followon to SRL-01. + o ADEOS [NASDA] Advanced Earth Observing Satellite. 1995 + o SL-M (Spacelab - MIR) [May, Shuttle, MIR] + Space Shuttle docking with Russian MIR station. Life sciences + mission (Spacelab). + o MUSES-B (Mu Space Engineering Satellite-B) [ISAS] Conducting research on the precise mechanism of space structure and in-space astronomical observations of electromagnetic waves. *************** *** 215,225 **** --- 224,261 ---- Mars orbiter to study the structure and motions of the Martian atmosphere and its interaction with the solar winds. + o VSOP (VLBI Space Observatory Program) [NASDA] + Scheduled to be launched ~8/96. NASA is building 3 specialized + tracking stations to record the wideband radioastronomy data + that this spacecraft will produce. + 1997 o LUNAR-A [ISAS] Elucidating the crust structure and thermal construction of the moon's interior. + o RADIOASTRON [Russion space agency] + Same purpose as 1996 VSOP mission. NRAO is building similar + ground stations for tracking. These two spacecraft will + coobserve radio sources in conjunction with ground based VLBA + radio telescopes. + + 2003 + o ROSETTA [ESA] + Asteroid flyby and comet rendezvous (potential target comets are + Schwassmann-Wachmann 3, Wirtanen, Finlay and Brooks 2 for a + launch in the time interval 2002-2004). After rendezvous, + the spacecraft will stay with the comet along its trajectory + into the inner solar system through perihelion (the orbital + point nearest to the Sun) to study the material that constitutes + the comet, and the cometary processes that evolve with the + decreasing distance from the Sun. A Surface Science Station will + be deployed onto the comets' nucleus surface to provide the + means for in-situ studies of the nucleus. + + 2006 + o FIRST (Far InfraRed Space Telescope) [ESA] + Large (3-meter mirror) space observatory. Proposed Missions: o Advanced X-ray Astronomy Facility (AXAF)