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DJPEG(1) USER COMMANDS DJPEG(1)
NAME
djpeg - decompress a JPEG file to an image file
SYNOPSIS
djpeg [ _o_p_t_i_o_n_s ] [ _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e ]
DESCRIPTION
djpeg decompresses the named JPEG file, or the standard
input if no file is named, and produces an image file on the
standard output. PBMPLUS (PPM/PGM), BMP, GIF, Targa, or RLE
(Utah Raster Toolkit) output format can be selected. (RLE
is supported only if the URT library is available.)
OPTIONS
All switch names may be abbreviated; for example, -grayscale
may be written -gray or -gr. Most of the "basic" switches
can be abbreviated to as little as one letter. Upper and
lower case are equivalent (thus -GIF is the same as -gif).
British spellings are also accepted (e.g., -greyscale),
though for brevity these are not mentioned below.
The basic switches are:
-colors _N
Reduce image to at most N colors. This reduces the
number of colors used in the output image, so that it
can be displayed on a colormapped display or stored in
a colormapped file format. For example, if you have an
8-bit display, you'd need to reduce to 256 or fewer
colors.
-quantize _N
Same as -colors. -colors is the recommended name,
-quantize is provided only for backwards compatibility.
-fast
Select recommended processing options for fast, low
quality output. (The default options are chosen for
highest quality output.) Currently, this is equivalent
to -dct fast -nosmooth -onepass -dither ordered.
-grayscale
Force gray-scale output even if JPEG file is color.
Useful for viewing on monochrome displays; also, djpeg
runs noticeably faster in this mode.
-scale _M/_N
Scale the output image by a factor M/N. Currently the
scale factor must be 1/1, 1/2, 1/4, or 1/8. Scaling is
handy if the image is larger than your screen; also,
djpeg runs much faster when scaling down the output.
-bmp Select BMP output format (Windows flavor). 8-bit
colormapped format is emitted if -colors or -grayscale
is specified, or if the JPEG file is gray-scale; other-
wise, 24-bit full-color format is emitted.
-gif Select GIF output format. Since GIF does not support
more than 256 colors, -colors 256 is assumed (unless
you specify a smaller number of colors).
-os2 Select BMP output format (OS/2 1.x flavor). 8-bit
colormapped format is emitted if -colors or -grayscale
is specified, or if the JPEG file is gray-scale; other-
wise, 24-bit full-color format is emitted.
-pnm Select PBMPLUS (PPM/PGM) output format (this is the
default format). PGM is emitted if the JPEG file is
gray-scale or if -grayscale is specified; otherwise PPM
is emitted.
-rle Select RLE output format. (Requires URT library.)
-targa
Select Targa output format. Gray-scale format is emit-
ted if the JPEG file is gray-scale or if -grayscale is
specified; otherwise, colormapped format is emitted if
-colors is specified; otherwise, 24-bit full-color for-
mat is emitted.
Switches for advanced users:
-dct int
Use integer DCT method (default).
-dct fast
Use fast integer DCT (less accurate).
-dct float
Use floating-point DCT method. The floating-point
method is the most accurate, but will be the slowest
unless your machine has very fast floating-point
hardware. Also note that results of the floating-point
method may vary slightly across machines, while the
integer methods should give the same results every-
where. The fast integer method is much less accurate
than the other two.
-dither fs
Use Floyd-Steinberg dithering in color quantization.
-dither ordered
Use ordered dithering in color quantization.
-dither none
Do not use dithering in color quantization. By
default, Floyd-Steinberg dithering is applied when
quantizing colors; this is slow but usually produces
the best results. Ordered dither is a compromise
between speed and quality; no dithering is fast but
usually looks awful. Note that these switches have no
effect unless color quantization is being done.
Ordered dither is only available in -onepass mode.
-map _f_i_l_e
Quantize to the colors used in the specified image
file. This is useful for producing multiple files with
identical color maps, or for forcing a predefined set
of colors to be used. The _f_i_l_e must be a GIF or PPM
file. This option overrides -colors and -onepass.
-nosmooth
Use a faster, lower-quality upsampling routine.
-onepass
Use one-pass instead of two-pass color quantization.
The one-pass method is faster and needs less memory,
but it produces a lower-quality image. -onepass is
ignored unless you also say -colors _N. Also, the one-
pass method is always used for gray-scale output (the
two-pass method is no improvement then).
-maxmemory _N
Set limit for amount of memory to use in processing
large images. Value is in thousands of bytes, or mil-
lions of bytes if "M" is attached to the number. For
example, -max 4m selects 4000000 bytes. If more space
is needed, temporary files will be used.
-outfile _n_a_m_e
Send output image to the named file, not to standard
output.
-verbose
Enable debug printout. More -v's give more output.
Also, version information is printed at startup.
-debug
Same as -verbose.
EXAMPLES
This example decompresses the JPEG file foo.jpg, automati-
cally quantizes to 256 colors, and saves the output in GIF
format in foo.gif:
djpeg -gif _f_o_o._j_p_g > _f_o_o._g_i_f
HINTS
To get a quick preview of an image, use the -grayscale
and/or -scale switches. -grayscale -scale 1/8 is the
fastest case.
Several options are available that trade off image quality
to gain speed. -fast turns on the recommended settings.
-dct fast and/or -nosmooth gain speed at a small sacrifice
in quality. When producing a color-quantized image,
-onepass -dither ordered is fast but much lower quality than
the default behavior. -dither none may give acceptable
results in two-pass mode, but is seldom tolerable in one-
pass mode.
If you are fortunate enough to have very fast floating point
hardware, -dct float may be even faster than -dct fast.
ENVIRONMENT
JPEGMEM
If this environment variable is set, its value is the
default memory limit. The value is specified as
described for the -maxmemory switch. JPEGMEM overrides
the default value specified when the program was com-
piled, and itself is overridden by an explicit -max-
memory.
SEE ALSO
cjpeg(1), rdjpgcom(1), wrjpgcom(1)
ppm(5), pgm(5)
Wallace, Gregory K. "The JPEG Still Picture Compression
Standard", Communications of the ACM, April 1991 (vol. 34,
no. 4), pp. 30-44.
AUTHOR
Independent JPEG Group
BUGS
Arithmetic coding is not supported for legal reasons.
Still not as fast as we'd like.