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fmt.1
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FMT(1) FMT(1)
NNAAMMEE
fmt - simple optimal text formatter
SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
ffmmtt [-cstu] [-width] [-w width] [-p prefix] [--crown-
margin] [--split-only] [--tagged-paragraph] [--uniform-
spacing] [--width=width] [--prefix=prefix] [--help]
[--version] [file ...]
DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
This manual page documents the GNU version of ffmmtt. ffmmtt is
a simple text formatter that fills and joins lines to pro-
duce output lines of (up to) the specified _w_i_d_t_h (default
75). However ffmmtt uses a bbeesstt--ffiitt line breaking algorithm,
by a simple version of "Breaking Paragraphs into Lines",
Donald E. Knuth and Michael F. Plass, _S_o_f_t_w_a_r_e_-_-_P_r_a_c_t_i_c_e
_a_n_d _E_x_p_e_r_i_e_n_c_e 1111 (1981) 1119-1184.
ffmmtt concatenates the _f_i_l_es listed as arguments. If none
are given, ffmmtt formats text from the standard input.
Blank lines are preserved in the output, as is the spacing
between words (unless _-_u is used). In contrast to BSD
ffmmtt, tabs are expanded on input and re-introduced on out-
put.
Indentation is preserved in the output, and input lines
with differing indentation are not joined (unless _-_c or _-_t
is used). Note that although the BSD ffmmtt manual also
states this, the BSD version does in fact join following
lines with less indentation.
ffmmtt prefers breaking lines at the end of a sentence, and
tries to avoid line breaks after the first word of a sen-
tence or before the last word of a sentence. A sentence
break is defined as either the end of a paragraph or a
word ending in [.?!], followed by two spaces or end of
line, ignoring any intervening parentheses or quotes.
OOPPTTIIOONNSS
_-_c_, _-_-_c_r_o_w_n_-_m_a_r_g_i_n
Crown margin mode. Preserve the indentation of the
first two lines within a paragraph, and align the
left margin of each subsequent line with that of
the second line.
_-_t_, _-_-_t_a_g_g_e_d_-_p_a_r_a_g_r_a_p_h
Tagged paragraph mode: just like crown mode, except
that the indentation of the first line of a para-
graph must be different from the indentation of the
second. Otherwise the first line is treated as a
one-line paragraph.
FSF GNU Text Utilities 1
FMT(1) FMT(1)
_-_s_, _-_-_s_p_l_i_t_-_o_n_l_y
Split lines only. Do not join short lines to form
longer ones. This prevents sample lines of code,
and other such "formatted" text, from being unduly
combined.
_-_u_, _-_-_u_n_i_f_o_r_m_-_s_p_a_c_i_n_g
Uniform spacing. Reduce spacing between words to
one space, except at the end of a sentence (two
spaces).
_-_w_i_d_t_h_, _-_w _w_i_d_t_h_, _-_-_w_i_d_t_h_=_w_i_d_t_h
Fill output lines to up to _w_i_d_t_h columns (default
75). ffmmtt prefers to make lines about 7% shorter,
to give it room to balance line lengths.
_-_p_, _-_-_p_r_e_f_i_x_=_p_r_e_f_i_x
Only lines beginning with the prefix (possibly pre-
ceded by white space) are re-arranged; the prefix
(with any preceding white space) is stripped for
the formatting and re-attached to each formatted
output line. One use is to format certain kinds of
program comments, while leaving the code unchanged.
_-_-_h_e_l_p Print a usage message and exit with a status code
indicating success.
_-_-_v_e_r_s_i_o_n
Print version information on standard output then
exit.
FSF GNU Text Utilities 2