home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
ARM Club 1
/
ARM_CLUB_CD.iso
/
contents
/
education
/
a
/
leapfrog
/
!Teachers
/
Stuff
/
Solution
< prev
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1994-09-19
|
5KB
|
121 lines
Part of the LeapFrog package - Written by Peter Jones - © SoftStuff 1994
Winning Strategy for LeapFrog
=============================
The strategy with LeapFrog is to ensure that two counters of the
same colour are never brought together until the end. If they
are, this causes a block. When red and blue counters are used,
the results are as follows.
+----------------+---------------+---------------+
| Number of | Number of | Number of |
| black counters | red counters | moves |
+----------------+---------------+---------------+
| 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 2 | 2 | 8 |
| 3 | 3 | 15 |
| 4 | 4 | 24 |
| 5 | 5 | 35 |
| 6 | 6 | 46 |
| - | - | - |
| n | n | n(n+2) |
+----------------+---------------+---------------+
Can you see the pattern?
In case you need any more help, here are the moves for a game of
LeapFrog using three counters of each colour:
RRRoBBB
RRoRBBB
RRBRoBB
RRBRBoB
RRBoBRB
RoBRBRB
oRBRBRB
BRoRBRB
BRBRoRB
BRBRBRo
BRBRBoR
BRBoBRR
BoBRBRR
BBoRBRR
BBBRoRR
BBBoRRR
N.B. These were generated using LeapFrog's save function.
Development of a mathematical model (hypothesis)
================================================
Having established the minimum number of moves needed to complete
a game of LeapFrog, the pupil could be asked if he can spot the
difference between the number of moves needed to complete each
game.
A diagram to help the investigation could be set up as follows:
Number of moves : 3 -> 8 -> 15 -> 24 -> 35 -> 48 -> 63
Differences : 5 7 9 11 13 15
This is a powerful method of looking for patterns in numbers, and
should be taught maybe before a project like Leapfrogs is
undertaken, maybe through the examining of number progressions,
such as:
Fill in the gaps:
2, 4, 6, .., .., 12
10, 7, 4, ..
To develop the investigation to a higher level, the children
could be show, or pointed in the direction of the following:
In a game of three counters of each colour, the moves can be
broken down as follows:
1 blue move
2 white moves
3 blue moves
3 white moves
3 blue moves
2 white moves
1 blue move
This pattern can be put into a sort of triangle
1 1 1
1 2 2 2 1
1 2 3 3 3 2 1
1 2 3 4 4 4 3 2 1
1 2 3 4 5 5 5 4 3 2 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 6 6 5 4 3 2 1
etc.
The teaching of such number patterns is fun and some of them, for
example Pascal's triangle, are very useful in any kind of maths.
What about uneven numbers of counters?
======================================
LeapFrog caters for the more able or ambitious who may want to
find out about what happens if the number of counters of each
colour are not equal. A limitation should be placed that there
should always only be one space.
I am not going to go into the investigation into unequal numbers
as above, but it should be investigated as before.
However, the general formula for A blue counters and B red
counters is:
AB+A+B