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1991-07-30
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PC DIGITAL AUDIO
Release: 1.64 Date: 30 July 1991
Copyright (C) 1990, 1991 David T. Chappell
All Rights Reserved
The programs included are shareware. Feel free to make copies and pass
them out to friends and BBSs as long as no fee is charged, the programs
are not modified in any way, and this notice is not changed or removed.
INTRODUCTION
============
In recent years, the computer world has been gaining interest in
computer-generated sound. The Apple Macintosh and Commodore Amiga provide
built-in sound control so they can play digitized recordings with little
effort from the programmer. IBM, however, has not yet included advanced
sound capabilities in its personal computers. Although more people are
buying sound boards from IBM and third parties, until such hardware is
standardized, speech software will encounter difficulty in gaining
acceptance. In this regard, mathematics, engineering, and software come to
the rescue and allow PCs to play good quality sound without extra hardware.
Over the years, several attempts have been made to play digitized
sound on PCs with the built-in speaker. Many have appeared in the public
domain, but few are coherent. Commercial software has had greater success,
but most of these programs produce rough speech. With the recent rise of
interest in multimedia, some developers have produced good quality sound.
My work rivals that of the best public domain and commercial successes.
INCLUDED FILES
==============
SOUND152.EXE Version 1.52 for DOS
Fastest; only files smaller than 64K; best for slow computers.
SOUND242.EXE Version 2.42 for DOS
Allows files larger than 64K; good for moderate-speed computers.
SOUNDTM.EXE Version TM 1.52 for DOS
Uses timer interrupts; allows large files; best sound output.
Requires 80286 or better processor. Use on fast computers.
SOUND.EXE Version 3.43 for DOS
Menu-driven version; loosely follows IBM SAA-CUA user interface.
Combines SOUND242 & SOUNDTM & Sound Blaster; detects file type.
SOUND2.EXE Version 1.11 for OS/2
OS/2 version; runs in either window or full-screen session;
any size file is playable. Equivalent to version 2.42 for DOS.
Sample Name Signed Stereo Volume Freq
------------ ------ ------ ------ -----
DESTINY.VOC N N 0 9009
YOHO.IFF Y N 0 13016
RHETT.SND N N 0 10250
USAGE
=====
To run each program, type the filename (omitting the extension) at the
command prompt. SOUND.EXE is menu-driven, but the other programs
can be controlled either via command-line switches OR via prompted input.
If you do not use the command-line parameters, the programs
will prompt the user for input, as descriped below.
Usage: SOUND152 [filename speed [/c] [/s] [/v]]
/c multiple-channel format (i.e. stereo; default is mono)
/s signed data format (default is unsigned)
/v normal volume (default is maximum volume)
File name: Enter the entire file name, including extension. Any
digitized sound sample recorded on any computer should work.
Speed factor: In most versions of the program, speed depends on a FOR loop.
The delay factor for the loop must be entered manually. A larger number
yields slower play. Faster samples need smaller numbers. On an 8 MHz PC,
an 8 kHz sample needs about a 9, while the same sample on a 25 MHz 80386
needs about a 78. Your system configuration determines the correct factor.
Frequency: The TM version needs to know the sample frequency in hertz to
give the correct speed.
Signed: Enter a "Y" or "N". Some samples are on a scale from 0 to 255,
others are on a scale of -128 to 127. Since these programs require the
0-255 scale, other samples must be shifted for them to sound right.
Samples from Amiga computers use signed bytes, while those from Macintosh,
Atari ST, and IBM PC are in unsigned format.
Stereo: Enter a "Y" or "N". The PC has only one speaker, so stereo play
is not possible. To prevent problems with stereo samples, this option will
play a single channel of a stereo sample.
Volume: This controls the output volume. The input must be an integer.
A positive number multiplies the output, while a negative number divides
the output. A 0 enables a routine that automatically scales the data for
maximum volume without distortion. Most samples sound better when scaled.
SOUND BLASTER
=============
SOUND.EXE provides limited support for the Sound Blaster card. If you have
a Sound Blaster, make sure the environment variable SOUND is set to the
path to your driver. Your AUTOEXEC.BAT file should contain a line similar
to the following: SET SOUND=C:\SB. See your manual for more details.
It will also work if CT-VOICE.DRV is in the current directory.
LIMITATIONS
===========
SOUND152 can not load files greater than 64K in size. The other versions
do not have such a limitation. The DOS versions can not load a file larger
than the system's available physical memory (RAM); OS/2 uses virtual memory.
All versions except SOUNDTM produce a background pitch. A background pitch
is present in SOUNDTM but of low volume. SOUNDTM relies on the system timer
interrupt, so it runs on any system with the same results. Any other
interrupt-driven software may conflict with SOUNDTM. Pressing keys, moving
the mouse, etc. will put a buzz in the output. SOUNDTM will not give proper
results if the DOS 4.0 DOSShell has been run or if it is run in a DOS box
under OS/2 or Windows; however, it runs well under the DOS 5.0 DOSShell.
The same applies to SOUND when Output is set to Better Speaker.
Only files with the extention VOC can be played through the Sound Blaster.
CONCLUSION
==========
I am planning several updates in the near future. I plan to improve
the existing programs and write some demos as well. More enhancements
are planned for the OS/2 version, possibly including a PM version.
If you use these sound programs and find them interesting, a donation
in any amount ($5 suggested) will be greatly appreciated. If you
send a donation, I shall send you the latest copy of the software
(specify disk size). If you request it, I shall also include my
technical paper on implementing these routines in your own software.
Please make checks in U.S. dollars payable to David T. Chappell.
Richard E. Zobell wrote the file-loading routine used in SOUND242,
SOUNDTM, and SOUND. Thanks go to Carl Morrell for help with some
technical aspects. Ray Duncan's book _Advanced_OS/2_Programming_
helped a lot with OS/2 development.
If you have any questions, comments, suggestions, or donations,
please contact:
David T. Chappell Internet address:
242 Stonewall Road david@catt.ncsu.edu
Salisbury, NC 28144
(704) 633-7535