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                      THE NOVEL IN ENGLAND AND AMERICA


         Dates of Publication of Some Important Fictional Works
                                      and
          Dates of Importance in History, Invention and Literature

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                                ═════════

                                1900-1970

                                ═════════


1900    One of Joseph Conrad's most complex books, LORD JIM, is published.

        Theodore Dreiser shocks the public with SISTER CARRIE.

        Jack London's THE SON OF THE WOLF and Booth Tarkington's MONSIEUR
        BEAUCAIRE appear.

        In Germany, Max Planck's quantum theory comes into being,
        revolutionizing physics while in Austria Freud's book
        INTERPRETATION OF DREAMS marks the beginning of psychoanalysis.

1901    Rudyard Kipling's KIM and Philip Barrie's QUALITY STREET appear.

        Winston Churchill publishes THE CRISIS, and Frank Norris' THE
        OCTOPUS is issued.

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1901-1910  Reign of Edward VII

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1902    Henry James publishes THE WINGS OF THE DOVE.

        Owen Wister's THE VIRGINIAN.

        Death of Samuel Butler.


1903    Samuel Butler's THE WAY OF ALL FLESH published posthumously.

        Three major American novels are published: Henry James' THE
        AMBASSADORS, Jack London's THE CALL OF THE WILD and Frank Norris'
        THE PIT.

        Wilbur and Orville Wright register the first successful flight of a
        gasoline powered aircraft at Kitty Hawk, N. C.

        The Panama Canal Zone ceded to the U. S.

1904    Conrad's NOSTROMO, Barrie's PETER PAN and Hudson's GREEN MANSIONS
        are among the most important publications of the year.

        Jack London's THE SEA-WOLF and Henry James' THE GOLDEN BOWL appear
        in America.

1905    Einstein's theory of relativity.

1908    Arnold Bennett's THE OLD WIVES' TALE.

        Deaths of George Meredith and Algernon Charles Swinburne.
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1910-1936  Reign of George V
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1915    Conrad's VICTORY and Somerset Maugham's OF HUMAN BONDAGE are
        published.

1916    James Joyce's PORTRAIT OF THE ARTIST AS A YOUNG MAN appears.

1918    Willa Cather's MY ANTONIA.

1919    Maugham's THE MOON AND SIXPENCE

        Sherwood Anderson's WINESBURG, OHIO.

        James Branch Cabell's JURGEN.

1920    Sinclair Lewis' MAIN STREET.

        Edith Wharton's THE AGE OF INNOCENCE.

        F. Scott Fitzgerald's first novel THIS SIDE OF PARADISE is
        published.

        Station KDKA in Pittsburgh, PA introduces commercial radio
        broadcasts.

1921    Aldous Huxley publishes CROME YELLOW, and D. H. Lawrence prints
        WOMEN IN LOVE.

        John Dos Passos' THREE SOLDIERS.

        Booth Tarkington's ALICE ADAMS.

1922    John Galsworthy completes THE FORSYTE SAGA (1906-1922).

        James Joyce publishes ULYSSES with the help of Sylvia Beach.

        Virginia Woolf completes JACOB'S ROOM.

        Sinclair Lewis' analysis of the ugly American businessman appears
        in BABBIT.

1923    Clarence Birdseye introduces frozen food.

1924    E. M. Forster's A PASSAGE TO INDIA.

        Herman Melville's BILLY BUDD first published.  Though Melville died
        1891 without polishing the short novel, he left enough for editors
        to feel comfortable publishing a cut-and-paste version of it.

1925    Woolf's MRS. DALLOWAY.

        Cather's THE PROFESSOR'S HOUSE.

        Dos Passos' MANHATTAN TRANSFER.

        Dreiser's AN AMERICAN TRAGEDY.

        Fitzgerald's THE GREAT GATSBY.

        Ellen Glasgow's BARREN GROUND.

        Sinclair Lewis' ARROWSMITH.

1926    John Logie Baird, C. F. Jenkins and D. Mihaly invent television.

        Glasgow's THE ROMANTIC COMEDIANS.

        Ernest Hemingway's first novel, THE SUN ALSO RISES.

1927    Woolf's TO THE LIGHTHOUSE.

        Cather's DEATH COMES FOR THE ARCHBISHOP.

1928    Invention of color television by John Logie Baird.

1929    Woolf publishes A ROOM OF ONE'S OWN.

        William Faulkner's THE SOUND AND THE FURY.

        Glasgow's THEY STOOPED TO FOLLY.

        Hemingway publishes A FAREWELL TO ARMS.

        Sinclair Lewis' DODSWORTH appears.

        Thomas Wolfe's LOOK HOMEWARD ANGEL catches the national imagination
        and stirs the ire of many in Asheville, N. C., his hometown.

1930    Evelyn Waugh's VILE BODIES.

        Dos Passos' THE 42ND PARALLEL.

        Sinclair Lewis awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.

1931    Pearl Buck brings out THE GOOD EARTH.

        William Faulkner's SANCTUARY.

        Cather's SHADOWS ON THE ROCK.

        Jacob Schick makes the electric razor.

1932    John Galsworthy received the Nobel Prize for Literature.

        Taylor Caldwell publishes TOBACCO ROAD.

        Faulkner brings out LIGHT IN AUGUST.

        Dos Passos' 1919 appears.

        Glasgow's THE SHELTERED LIFE.

1933    Caldwell's GOD'S LITTLE ACRE.

        Gertrude Stein's THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF ALICE B. TOKLAS is published.

        Edwin H. Armstrong discovers Frequency Modulation (FM).

1934    Robert Graves' I, CLAUDIUS and Waugh's A HANDFUL OF DUST appear.

        Fitzgerald's TENDER IS THE NIGHT.

1935    John Steinbeck's TORTILLIA FLAT.

        Wolfe's OF TIME AND THE RIVER.

1936    Faulkner's ABSALOM, ABSALOM!

        Dos Passos' THE BIG MONEY.

        Margaret Mitchell's GONE WITH THE WIND is a popular triumph.

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1936  Edward VIII, who abdicates to marry Mrs. Simpson.
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1936-1952  George VI reigns.
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1937    Hemingway's TO HAVE AND HAVE NOT.

        John Marquand's THE LATE GEORGE APLEY.

        Steinbeck publishes two works: OF MICE AND MEN and THE RED PONY.

        The Dupont Company of the U.S. introduces nylon.

1938    Faulkner publishes THE UNVANQUISHED.

        Pearl Buck is awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.

1939    James Joyce's most puzzling book FINNEGAN'S WAKE.

        THE GRAPES OF WRATH by John Steinbeck.

        Thomas Wolfe's THE WEB AND THE ROCK published posthumously.

1940    Faulkner publishes the first book in his trilogy, THE HAMLET.

        FOR WHOM THE BELL TOLLS by Hemingway.

        Wolfe's YOU CAN'T GO HOME AGAIN published posthumously.

        Richard Wright publishes NATIVE SON.

        Although Tucker coined the word "radar," Robert M. Page was the
        inventor.

        Automatic transmissions for cars introduced by General Motors.

1941    Fitzgerald's THE LAST TYCOON published posthumously.

        Glasgow's IN THIS OUR LIFE and John P. Marquand's H. M. PULHAM,
        ESQUIRE.

1942    Enrico Fermi and his team on the Manhattan project produce a
        manmade atomic reaction.

1944    Joyce Cary's THE HORSE'S MOUTH.

        John Hersey publishes A BELL FOR ADANO.

1945    Evelyn Waugh's masterpiece BRIDESHEAD REVISITED.

        Richard Wright's BLACK BOY.

        The atomic bomb: J. R. Oppenheimer, Arthur H. Compton, Enrico Fermi
        and Leo Szilard

1946    George Orwell's satirical ANIMAL FARM appears.

        Rober Penn Warren's ALL THE KING'S MEN is published.

        ENIAC (Electronic vacuum tube computer) is built by John Mauchly
        and J. Presper.

1947    The Bell XS-1, the world's first supersonic aircraft is introduced
        in the U. S.

1948    Evelyn Waugh makes fun of Hollywood's burial practices in THE LOVED
        ONE.

        William Faulkner brings out INTRUDER IN THE DUST.

        Graham Greene's THE HEART OF THE MATTER.

        Norman Mailer puts out THE NAKED AND THE DEAD.

        The transistor is introduced.  It will replace vacuum tubes,
        permitting smaller more portable electronics. William Shockley,
        John Bardeen and Walter H. Brattain get credit for the product.

        Peter Goldmark introduces the microgrove or long-playing record.

1949    George Orwell's NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR spells out a disutopia.  For
        years people wonder whether his vision might not be totally
        accurate both in the severity of life in the future and the date by
        which the monitoring of the life of ordinary citizens might occur.

1950    Hemingway's ACROSS THE RIVER AND INTO THE TREES.

        William Faulkner given the Nobel Prize for Literature for 1949.

        First appearance of the xerographic copying machine by the Haloid
        Company.

1951    Faulkner's REQUIEM FOR A NUN.

        James Jones' FROM HERE TO ETERNITY.

        J. D. Salinger's CATCHER IN THE RYE.
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1952  Elizabeth II's coronation takes place in Westminster Abbey.
      The event is the first coronation of a British monarch to
      be carried by television around the world.
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1952    Hemingway publishes THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA.

        Steinbeck's EAST OF EDEN.

        Flannery O'Connor's WISE BLOOD.

        The hydrogen bomb courtesy of Edward Teller and Igor Kurchatov.

1953    Waugh's LOVE AMONG THE RUINS.

1954    Kingsley Amis' satirical look at the life of a young teacher, LUCKY
        JIM, appears.

        Faulkner's A FABLE.

        Hemingway awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.

1957    Faulkner's THE TOWN, the second book in his trilogy.

1958    T. H. White retells the Arthurian legend in THE ONCE AND FUTURE
        KING.

        Charles Townes discovers the laser.

1959    William Golding's FREE FALL.

        Faulkner's THE MANSION, the last book in his Snopes trilogy.

1960    Lawrence Durrell completes his ALEXANDRIA QUARTET.

        Flannery O'Connor publishes THE VIOLENT BEAR IT AWAY.

        The USS ENTERPRISE becomes the first nuclear-powered ship.

1961    MIDCENTURY by John Dos Passos.

1962    Faulkner's THE REIVERS.

        Katharine Anne Porter's SHIP OF FOOLS.

1963    John Fowles' THE COLLECTOR.

        Saul Bellow publishes HERZOG.

        Hemingway's A MOVEABLE FEAST, memories of his life in Paris in
        the 1920's

        The Philips Company of the Netherlands introduces the cassette
        tape.

1964    The home use transistor videotape recorder appears.  Sony of Japan
        introduces it.

1966    Fowles' THE MAGUS and Graham Greene's THE COMEDIANS both appear.

        John Barth's GILES GOAT BOY.

        Bernard Malamud publishes THE FIXER.

1967    Chaim Potok's THE CHOSEN.

        William Styron's THE CONFESSIONS OF NAT TURNER.

1968    Anthony Burgess' ENDERBY

1969    John Fowles' THE FRENCH LIEUTENANT'S WOMAN.

        John Cheever publishes BULLET PARK.

        Doris Lessing completes her CHILDREN OF VIOLENCE series.

1970    Hemingway's last novel, ISLANDS IN THE STREAM, published posthumously.

        Bellow's MR. SAMMLER'S PLANET.

        James Dickey's DELIVERANCE.