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- <text id=92TT0066>
- <title>
- Jan. 13, 1992: Choose Your Remedies
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1992
- Jan. 13, 1992 The Recession:How Bad Is It?
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- BUSINESS, Page 40
- COVER STORIES
- Choose Your Remedies
- </hdr><body>
- <p>WHAT'S NOW ON THE TABLE
- </p>
- <p>Help for the Middle Class
- </p>
- <p> One plan would cut at least 2% from the FICA payroll
- taxes, which take 15.3% (employers pay half) of all earnings up
- to $53,400 a year. The tax is highly regressive, and its
- surpluses are used to pay for everything from food stamps to
- nuclear missiles.
- </p>
- <p> Outlook:
- </p>
- <p> Pushed hard by Democrats on grounds of fairness; a modest
- version may wind up in Bush's package as well.
- </p>
- <p>A Break for Capital Gains
- </p>
- <p> Taxed as regular income at rates up to 31%, most types of
- capital gains would get a substantial break if the
- Administration has its way. Republicans tout the measure as a
- stimulant to investment; Democrats attack it as a handout to the
- wealthy.
- </p>
- <p> Outlook:
- </p>
- <p> As part of a compromise package, Democrats may be willing
- to accept a limited cut, especially if it applies only to new
- investment.
- </p>
- <p>Expansion of the IRA
- </p>
- <p> As a boon to the upper middle class, several plans would
- restore tax breaks for Individual Retirement Accounts to the
- higher-income taxpayers from whom they were taken in 1986.
- Another version would allow withdrawal of earnings from accounts
- funded with after-tax dollars.
- </p>
- <p> Outlook:
- </p>
- <p> Popular with both parties, but the multibillion-dollar
- cost could be a barrier.
- </p>
- <p>A Revived Investment Tax Credit
- </p>
- <p> Dropped in 1986, any tax credit would probably be limited
- to investment in new plants and equipment and made temporary,
- thus encouraging companies to accelerate their expansion before
- the tax break expires. Moreover, to avoid giving a windfall to
- any spending that was already planned, the credits would
- probably apply only to "incremental" investment, meaning the
- money spent above a company's historical level.
- </p>
- <p> Outlook:
- </p>
- <p> A long-standing favorite of Democrats and a probable
- component of Bush's package as well.
- </p>
- <p>Hitting the Wealthy Harder
- </p>
- <p> To help finance middle-class relief, the rich would get
- some form of modest increase. One way would be to boost the top
- marginal tax rate a few points; another would be to add a surtax
- on millionaires' income.
- </p>
- <p> Outlook:
- </p>
- <p> In an election year, the Democrats will demand this
- populist move, and Bush is likely to go along in exchange for
- a capital-gains cut and other measures.
- </p>
- <p>WHAT SHOULD BE DONE FOR THE LONG TERM
- </p>
- <p>Invest in Mass Transit
- </p>
- <p> Create federal, state and local partnerships to build
- light-rail lines for urban areas lacking mass transit; support
- high-speed rail for passengers and freight. To help pay for it,
- boost taxes on parking and fuel. Such programs would reduce
- pollution, gridlock and dependence on oil imports.
- </p>
- <p>Invest in Education and Job Training
- </p>
- <p> Guarantee access to college or vocational training for all
- who qualify, regardless of ability to pay. As Arkansas Governor
- Bill Clinton suggests, let needy students pay for their
- education with public service after graduation or through small
- paycheck deductions.
- </p>
- <p>Boost Research and Development
- </p>
- <p> Increase spending, as Bush has begun to do, to support
- private research into new technologies. Provide special funding
- for research into alternative energy sources including solar
- electricity.
- </p>
- <p>Make Smart Defense Cuts
- </p>
- <p> In the short run, reductions in the Pentagon budget will
- provide few savings. Because of the recession, for example,
- cutbacks in military payrolls would put more people on the
- unemployment line. But over the long haul, carefully planned
- reductions could amount to savings of $50 billion a year.
- </p>
- <p>Phase Out Subsidies for Borrowing
- </p>
- <p> Americans for decades have bought far larger and more
- expensive houses than they could otherwise afford, thanks to the
- deduction for mortgage interest. The result for the U.S. is high
- household debt and low savings. Lawmakers should consider
- sharply lowering the cap on mortgage deductions, which currently
- allows full deductibility for interest payments on debt of up
- to $1.1 million on two homes.
- </p>
- <p> Similarly, the Treasury Department should release its
- long-awaited study on ways to equalize the treatment of
- corporate debt and equities. The best way is simply to cut tax
- deductions for corporate borrowing while simultaneously cutting
- the double taxation of stock dividends.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
-