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TIME: Almanac 1990s
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<text id=93TT1178>
<title>
Mar. 15, 1993: Genetic Revelation
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
Mar. 15, 1993 In the Name of God
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
THE WEEK
HEALTH & SCIENCE, Page 22
Genetic Revelations
</hdr>
<body>
<p>Researchers discover the gene that causes Lou Gehrig's disease
</p>
<p> Pages are being added to the book of genetics at an
accelerating pace these days. Researchers announced that they
have identified a defective gene that appears to cause
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, better known as Lou Gehrig's
disease. About 30,000 Americans suffer from the disorder, which
causes degeneration of the nerves that carry signals to muscles.
The trouble in some cases, scientists reported in Nature,
apparently lies in the gene that directs production of an enzyme
that mops up free radicals. These substances are metabolism's
nasty residue.
</p>
<p> In the same journal, scientists revealed that multiple
sclerosis, the crippling nervous-system disease, may be linked
to white blood cells with a specific genetic rearrangement.
These white cells seem to destroy the sheath that surrounds
nerves and protects their ability to conduct messages.
</p>
<p> As researchers are finding out how genes cause illness,
they are also working on genetic cures. A federal panel approved
a new trial of an experimental gene therapy for brain cancer.
Doctors take a gene from the herpes virus and insert it into
tumor cells. They then zap the cells with an antiviral drug that
attacks the herpes gene--and thus the tumor.
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>