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<text id=90TT0667>
<title>
Mar. 19, 1990: Middle East:Four Steps To Peace
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
Mar. 19, 1990 The Right To Die
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
WORLD, Page 30
MIDDLE EAST
Four Steps to Peace
</hdr>
<body>
<p>But Israel's Shamir, riled by the heat he is getting from Bush
and Baker, is balking at the first one
</p>
<p> If everything goes according to plan, peace in the Middle
East is just four steps away. First, Secretary of State James
Baker will meet in Washington with the Egyptian and Israeli
foreign ministers to select a Palestinian delegation. That
group, in turn, will travel to Cairo, where Egyptian President
Hosni Mubarak will be host for preliminary talks in which the
Palestinians and an Israeli delegation will set down the ground
rules for elections in the Israeli-occupied West Bank and Gaza
Strip. They will use as their framework a proposal put forward
ten months ago by Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir.
Balloting will then be held in the occupied territories to elect
representatives to negotiate a period of limited self-rule.
Within five years, those representatives will begin
negotiations on the final status of the disputed territories.
</p>
<p> Before any of this can happen, however, Israel must agree
to attend the Washington conference. And that is where the
peace process idled last week, when Shamir balked at Baker's
proposal that the delegation to the Cairo talks include both
a Palestinian who maintains an office or a second residence in
East Jerusalem and a Palestinian deported from the territories.
Shamir's intransigence brought his Likud Party into direct
conflict with the other major member of his coalition
government, the Labor Party, which has embraced Baker's
conditions. The impasse threatens to derail both the peace
process and the 15-month-old national unity government.
</p>
<p> The disagreement about talking about talks also threatens
to further strain tensions between Jerusalem and Washington.
In recent weeks the Bush Administration has made known its
impatience with Shamir's delaying tactics. On March 1, Baker
told a House subcommittee, "We've really done pretty much all
we can do...we are awaiting a response from the Israeli
government." In his testimony, Baker riled Israelis by saying
that he was "satisfied" the Palestine Liberation Organization
was adhering to its commitment not to employ terrorism against
Israel, that he favors cuts in aid to Israel and that Israel
must agree to halt all settlement activity in the occupied
territories before the U.S. would approve $400 million in loan
guarantees for housing Soviet Jewish immigrants. Two days
later, President Bush raised the fever in Jerusalem by stating
that he opposes settlements not only in the territories but
also in East Jerusalem.
</p>
<p> What makes the wrangling particularly frustrating is that,
two weeks ago, Shamir appeared ready to sign on to the
Washington meeting. But last week Shamir succumbed to pressure
from Likud hard-liners, who argue that Baker's conditions will
put Jerusalem up for negotiation and allow an indirect role for
the P.L.O. He demanded that East Jerusalem's 140,000 Arabs not
vote or run in elections and warned that Israel would walk away
from any negotiations that appeared to involve the P.L.O.
</p>
<p> Shamir has hopelessly encumbered Baker's formula, which in
its own convoluted fashion aimed to grant the P.L.O. leadership
an indirect voice while enabling Israel to pretend that the
P.L.O. was not a party to the talks. Labor has vowed that if
the Cabinet does not endorse Baker's formula, it will pull out
of the coalition. So much for simple four-step peace plans.
</p>
<p>By Jill Smolowe. Reported by Dean Fischer/Cairo and Jon D.
Hull/Jerusalem.
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>