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- <text id=93TT1512>
- <title>
- Apr. 26, 1993: The Recovery: Starting to Fade
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- Apr. 26, 1993 The Truth about Dinosaurs
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- THE ADMINISTRATION, Page 22
- The Recovery: Starting to Fade
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>By JOHN GREENWALD--With reporting by Dan Cray/Los Angeles,
- William McWhirter/Detroit and Adam Zagorin/Washington
- </p>
- <p> For all those who believed that the U.S. economy had
- finally climbed out of the doldrums, the news from the nation's
- shopping malls last week came as a slap in the face. The
- Commerce Department reported that Americans shut their wallets
- in March and sent retail sales down 1% for the steepest monthly
- decline in more than two years. While part of that drop
- reflected the severe March weather, Commerce revised its earlier
- optimistic figures for February, saying store sales had fallen
- 0.3% instead of rising 0.3%, as it had originally reported. "The
- momentum of the recovery is decidedly fading," says Allen Sinai,
- chief economist of the Boston Co. Economic Advisors. "The surge
- late last year was not, and is not, sustainable."
- </p>
- <p> Economists did not need to look far for the meaning: the
- decline in consumer spending, which accounts for two-thirds of
- U.S. economic activity, was a clear sign that the euphoria that
- greeted Bill Clinton's election has ended. Propelled by optimism
- about the new President, consumer confidence soared in the final
- three months of 1992 and the economy expanded a healthy 4.7%.
- But Treasury officials now privately concede that the pace of
- growth could dip below 2% in the first quarter of this year and
- bump along at no more than 3% for all of 1993. That would do
- little to lower the unemployment rate, which has been stuck for
- the past two months at 7%.
- </p>
- <p> After a brief and hopeful interlude, Americans seem to
- have contracted a fresh case of the jitters. "I was walking
- through the mall the other day, and I thought, Hey, I can buy
- all these things again," says Stuart Schwartz, a Los Angeles
- department-store clerk who recently spent two months on the
- unemployment rolls. "But then I thought, No, I'd rather hang on
- to the money."
- </p>
- <p> Like Schwartz, millions of Americans may be ready to
- switch from impulse buying to panic saving, driven in part by
- fear of layoffs. That turnabout would be rich in irony. After
- years of being exhorted to save money and reduce debt, consumers
- who finally do that are likely to find their newfound thrift
- hobbling the recovery.
- </p>
- <p> In another irony, the growing mood of caution comes at a
- time when many households have fresh cash on hand. Americans
- pocketed $12 billion last year just by renegotiating their
- mortgages. "The nation has some money to burn for a change,"
- says Gail Fosler, chief economist for the Conference Board, a
- business research group. "But no one wants to light the first
- match. It's not a recovery. It's only an improvement."
- </p>
- <p> While candidate Clinton promised to "focus like a laser on
- the economy," much of the current reluctance to spend stems
- from confusion about President Clinton's economic policies.
- "Clinton has had so many mixed messages that people don't know
- what to think," Fosler says. Concurs William Hoglund, executive
- vice president of General Motors: "The so-called recovery is
- the slowest that man has ever seen, and it hasn't resulted in
- any more employment. The President's program merely adds
- another note of uncertainty. So the consumer doesn't feel that
- anything is happening at all."
- </p>
- <p> Americans have also been paying for policies that George
- Bush enacted last year. To spur the economy before the
- election, Bush lowered income-tax withholding rates for 1992 and
- thereby gave workers more take-home pay. But that triggered
- unpleasant surprises in the past few weeks when consumers found
- that they either owed more taxes than usual or could expect
- smaller refund checks to make up for the reduced amounts
- withheld in 1992. Overall, the Bush program is costing taxpayers
- an estimated $6 billion this year.
- </p>
- <p> Many economists are no less skeptical of Clinton's
- stimulus proposals. Critics call the increased spending a
- pointless distraction from Administration plans to cut the
- federal deficit; the prospect of a smaller deficit has already
- sharply lowered interest rates. "The drop in rates is the most
- important thing that has happened to the economy since the
- election," says Van Doorn Ooms, a former chief economist for the
- House Budget Committee. "It's something that is worth four or
- five stimulus packages." Georgia State University economist
- Donald Rataj czak agrees: "The stimulus package is a bad idea
- at this stage in the business cycle."
- </p>
- <p> For now, consumers seem content to sit on their wallets
- and leave companies wondering when they will return. "It's very
- nerve-racking, I can tell you that," says Alex Trotman,
- president of Ford's automotive operations. "It's like we just
- can't seem to get off the runway before we start falling back."
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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